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EC number: 680-227-5 | CAS number: 71449-78-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 04 -20 May 2019
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- This study was conducted in accordance with International Guidelines (OECD 202) and in accordance with OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice as incorporated into the United Kingdom Statutory Instrument for GLP. All validity criteria were met.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0.1, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2 and 10 % v/v saturated solution
- Sampling method: Samples placed in amber bottles were taken from the control and each test group from the bulk test preparation at 0 and 24 hours and from the pooled (remaining) replicates at 24 and 48 hours for analysis. Duplicate sets of samples were taken at 0, 24 (fresh and used) and 48 hours and stored frozen for further analysis if necessary.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: None, samples analysed immediately. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: 1100 mg test item added to 11 L of Elendt M7 medium with stirring at 1500 rpm for 24 hours. After 24 hours, stirring was stopped and undissooved test item was removed by filtration through a 0.2 μm Sartorius Sartopore filter; the first two liters passed through the filter were discarded. This gave a 100 % v/v saturated solution. A series of dilutions were made from this saturated solution to give the required test concentrations (0.1, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2 and 10 % v/v saturated solutions).
- Controls: untreated control only(medium only)
-Positive control: A positive control (Envigo study number KC41PP) used potassium dichromate as the reference item at concentrations of 0.32, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8 and 3.2 mg/L. The positive control was conducted between 25 - 27 September 2018. Exposure conditions for the positive control were similar to those in the definitive test with the exception of the light intensity (mean of 1037 lux, compared to the definitive test being conducted under non-actinic light) - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Source: in-house laboratory cultures
- Feeding during test: none
- Food type: N/A
- Amount: N/A
- Frequency: N/A
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: not required, test water and environmental parameters were the same as husbandry water and conditions.
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): N/A
- Type and amount of food: N/A
- Feeding frequency: N/A
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): N/A
METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES: Adult daphnids were kept in 150 mL beakers with 100 mL of Elendt M7 medium and were fed daily with an algal suspension (P.subcapitata) and GM300 fish food suspension. Gravid adults were isolated the day before test initiation, such that any young daphnids produced overnight were less than 24 hours old. The young were removed from the cultures and were used for testing. - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- not reported
- Test temperature:
- 20-21 °C
- pH:
- 7.9-8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.8-9.4 mg O2/L
- Salinity:
- N/A
- Conductivity:
- not reported
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal (% v/v saturated solutions): 0.1, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2, 10; Geometric Mean Measured Concentrations (mg/L): 0.0451, 0.137, 0.470, 1.61, 5.75
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 120 mL glass vessels
- Type (delete if not applicable): open but covered to reduce evaporation
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, containing 100 mL test solution
- Aeration: none
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): test solutions renewed at 24 h. Concentrations at which 100% immobilisation had occurred were not renewed.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): no vehicle control
- Biomass loading rate: not reported
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Elendt M7 Medium; H3BO3: 0.715 mg/L, MnCl2.4H2O: 0.090 mg/L, LiCl: 0.077 mg/L, RbCl: 0.018 mg/L, SrCl2.6H2O: 0.038 mg/L, NaBr: 0.004 mg/L, Na2MoO4.2H2O: 0.016 mg/L, CuCl2.2H2O: 0.004 mg/L, ZnCl2: 0.013 mg/L, CoCl2.6H2O: 0.010 mg/L, KI: 0.0033 mg/L, Na2SeO3: 0.0022 mg/L, NH4VO3: 0.00058 mg/L, Na2EDTA.2H2O: 0.625 mg/L, FeSO4.7H2O: 0.249 mg/L, CaCl2.2H2O: 293.8 mg/L, NaHCO3: 64.8 mg/L, MgSO4.7H2O: 123.3 mg/L, Na2SiO3.9H2O: 10 mg/L, KCl: 5.8 mg/L, NaNO3: 0.274 mg/L, K2HPO4: 0.184 mg/L, KH2PO4: 0.143 mg/L, Thiamine hydrochloride: 0.075 mg/L, Cyanocobalamine: 0.0010 mg/L, D(+) biotin: 0.00075 mg/L. The pH of the prepared media was 7.9 ± 0.3 and stored at approximately 21 ºC.
- Total organic carbon: not reported
- Particulate matter: not reported
- Metals: not reported
- Pesticides: not reported
- Chlorine: not reported
- Alkalinity: not reported
- Ca/mg ratio: not reported
- Conductivity: not reported
- Salinity: not reported
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: daily, at 24 hours fresh and old media was measured.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: none, test conducted in the dark
- Light intensity: test conducted in the dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobilization at 24, 48 h.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0.1, 1, 10, 100 % v/v saturated solutions
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate, 24h EC50 of 1.1 mg/L, 48 h EC50 of 0.8 mg/L
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- 95% CI: 0.14 - 0.45 mg/L
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- 95% ci: 0.14 - 0.45 mg/L
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: N/A
- Observations on body length and weight: N/A
- Other biological observations: N/A
- Mortality of control: None
- Other adverse effects control: None
- Abnormal responses: None
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: None
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid?
yes
- Relevant effect levels: yes
- Limit test: no
- Dose-response test: yes; 0.32, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8 and 3.2 mg/L potassium dichromate tested
- ECx: 24 h: 1.1 mg/L (95% CI: 0.95-1.3 mg/L), 48h: 0.80 mg/L (95% CI: 0.12 - 1.5 mg/L)
- Other: Study number KC41PP, test conducted between 25-27 September 2018 - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EC50 values and associated confidence limits at 24 and 48 hours were calculated by Weibull analysis using Linear Maximum-Likelihood regression. The Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) and the No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) at 24 and 48 hours were calculated using the Step-down Cochran-Armitage Test Procedure. All results were calculated using ToxRat Professional.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48 hour EC50 of CPI-110A to D. magna was estimated to be 0.25 mg/L (95% CL: 0.14-0.45 mg/L)
- Executive summary:
A study was performed according to OECD 202 (2004) to assess the acute toxicity of the test item to Daphnia magna. Due to light sensitive nature of the test item all media preparations were conducted under non-actinic light throughout the study. Following a range-finding test, 20 daphnids (4 replicates of 5 animals) were exposed to aqueous solutions of the test item at nominal concentrations of 0.10, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2 and 10% v/v saturated solution for 48 hours under semi-static test conditions, in the dark. Chemical analysis showed measured test concentrations to range from 0.0426 to 6.53 mg/L. The geometric mean measured test concentrations were determined to be 0.0451, 0.137, 0.470, 1.61 and 5.75 mg/L. Exposure of Daphnia magna to the test item gave the following results based on geometric mean measured test concentrations: 48-h EC50– 0.25 mg/L. All validity criteria were met.
Reference
Table 1 Immoblization Data in the Definitive Test
Geometric Mean Measured Concentration (mg/L) |
24 Hours |
48 Hours |
||||||||||
Cumulative Immobilized Daphnia |
||||||||||||
Rep 1 |
Rep 2 |
Rep 3 |
Rep 4 |
Total |
% |
Rep 1 |
Rep 2 |
Rep 3 |
Rep 4 |
Total |
% |
|
Control |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.0451 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.137 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
0.470 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
20 |
100 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1.61 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
20 |
100 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
5.75 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
20 |
100 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
-: no daphnids present. The daphnids were removed after the 24 hour observation as they were all observed to be immobilised
Table 2 Water Quality Measurements
Geometric Mean Measured Concentration (mg/L) |
Replicate |
0 hours (Fresh Media) |
24 hours (Old Media) |
24 hours (Fresh Media) |
48 hours (Old Media) |
||||||||
pH |
mg O2/L |
°C |
pH |
mg O2/L |
°C |
pH |
mg O2/L |
°C |
pH |
mg O2/L |
°C |
||
Control |
1 |
8.0 |
9.4 |
20 |
7.9 |
9.2 |
20 |
8.1 |
9.2 |
21 |
8.2 |
8.8 |
20 |
0.0451 |
1 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
20 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
20 |
7.9 |
9.2 |
21 |
8.1 |
9.3 |
20 |
0.137 |
1 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
20 |
7.9 |
9.2 |
20 |
7.9 |
9.2 |
21 |
8.1 |
9.1 |
20 |
0.470 |
1 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
20 |
7.9 |
9.1 |
20 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1.61 |
1 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
20 |
7.9 |
9.4 |
20 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
5.75 |
1 |
8.0 |
9.2 |
20 |
7.9 |
9.2 |
20 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Table 3 Analytical Results
Timepoint (Hours) |
Nominal Concentration of Test Item in Sample (% v/v Saturated Solution) |
Sample Preparation Factor |
Determined Concentration of Test Item in Test Sample (mg/L) |
0 (fresh) |
Control 0.10 0.32 1.0 3.2 10 |
4 20 40 80 400 800 |
<LOQ 0.0480 0.151 0.488 1.67 6.53 |
Procedural Recovery Procedural Recovery |
0.108 0.108 |
20 20 |
0.105 (97%) 0.104 (96%) |
24 (old) |
Control 0.10 0.32 1.0 3.2 10 |
4 20 40 80 400 800 |
0.0137 /<LOQ* 0.0521 0.145 0.453 1.56 5.07 |
Procedural Recovery Procedural Recovery |
0.103 0.103 |
20 20 |
0.101 (99% 0.0796 (77%) |
24 (fresh) |
Control 0.10 0.32 |
4 20 40 |
<LOQ 0.0426 0.138 |
48 (old) |
Control 0.10 0.32 |
4 20 40 |
<LOQ 0.0380 0.115 |
Procedural Recovery Procedural Recovery |
0.0976 0.0976 |
20 20 |
0.103 (106%) 0.0988 (101%) |
* duplicate sample, frozen prior to analysis
Description of key information
48h EC50 - 0.25 mg/L; OECD 202; Hull K (2019)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 0.25 mg/L
Additional information
A study was performed according to OECD 202 (2004) to assess the acute toxicity of the test item toDaphnia magna. Due to light sensitive nature of the test item all media preparations were conducted under non-actinic light throughout the study. Following a range-finding test, 20 daphnids (4 replicates of 5 animals) were exposed to aqueous solutions of the test item at nominal concentrations of 0.10, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2 and 10% v/v saturated solution for 48 hours under semi-static test conditions, in the dark. Chemical analysis showed measured test concentrations to range from 0.0426 to 6.53 mg/L. The geometric mean measured test concentrations were determined to be 0.0451, 0.137, 0.470, 1.61 and 5.75 mg/L. Exposure ofDaphnia magnato the test item gave the following results based on geometric mean measured test concentrations: 48-h EC50– 0.25 mg/L. All validity criteria were met.
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