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EC number: 209-247-0 | CAS number: 563-41-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- This study was conducted between 31 August 2017 and 28 September 32017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 306 (Biodegradability in Seawater)
- Version / remarks:
- July 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Name: Semicarbazide-HCl
NIVA GLP substance number: G129
CAS: 563-41-7
Batch number: 55507861
Appearance: Crystalline, white
Purity: >99 %
Solubility in water: 100 g/L
Carbon content: 11% - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: Sea water
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 1.012 g/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- DOC removal
- Details on study design:
- Equipment
Test unit and incubator Erlendmeyer flasks (5L), shaking table, temperature controlled room K5
Refractometer ATAGO Hand refractometer
Volumetric cylinders 10 ± 0.2mL, 100 ± 0.75mL
Volumetric bottles 1000 ± 0.4mL
Balances Vekt 2, Vekt 10
Seawater quality
The seawater was pumped from a depth of 60 meter in the Oslofjord, from NIVA's Research Station at Solbergstrand, and collected in 30 L polyethylene containers. The temperature is logged at the research station and not measured according to GLP.
Appearance: Clear
Salinity: 35‰
Temperature: 8.1 ˚C
Dissolved organic carbon concentration was analyzed after storage (1.1 mg C/L). The concentration of heterotrophic bacteria was also determined (1.3x105 CFU/mL) by plating on marine agar and incubated for 8 days at 25 ± 2 °C.
Preparation of seawater test medium
The seawater was transported to NIVA in Oslo and stored at test temperature for three days in the dark. Water (7 L) was siphoned into new can and nutrient stock solutions A, B, C and D (OECD 306) were added (1 ml/L). The composition of the stock solutions is shown in Table 1.
Preparation of test bottles
Blank control bottles
Two Erlenmeyer flasks were filled with 1L each of test water by siphoning.
Test sample bottles
A stock solution of the test substance was made by dissolving 0.5058 g Semicarbazide hydrochloride in 500ml deionized water (MilliQ).
A 1L volumetric flask was added 90ml test substance stock and filled up to 1 L with test water by siphoning. Two Erlenmeyer flasks were filled with 1 L each.
Reference compound bottles (test control)
A stock solution of aniline (C6H5NH2, 99 %, Mw 93.13) was prepared as the reference (test control) by dissolving 0.2722 g aniline in 100 ml MilliQ water.
A 1 L volumetric flask was added 10ml reference stock and filled up to 1L with test water by siphoning. One erlendmeyer flaks was filled with 1 L.
Toxicity control
A 1 L volumetric flask was added 10ml reference stock and 90 ml test substance stock and filled up to 1 L with test water by siphoning. One erlendmeyer flaks was filled with 1 L.
Incubation and sampling
All bottles (blank, test and reference) were incubated under dark plastic in a temperature controlled room (21.2 ± 1.6˚C).
Samples were withdrawn for DOC measurements on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. - Reference substance:
- aniline
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 84
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Key result
- Parameter:
- COD
- Value:
- 84 other: %
- Results with reference substance:
- Validity of test
Test control (reference compound)
Aniline was used as the reference compound in the test to assess the viability of the indigenous bacteria used to evaluate the biodegradability of the test compound. The biodegradability of this reference compound should be at least 50% after 14 days’ incubation at 20±1˚C.
The reference compound had 93% removal after 7 days and fulfilled the criteria of 50% biodegradability within 14 days. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The results of the study indicate that Semicarbazide-HCl was biodegraded 84% in seawater over an incubation period of 28 days
- Executive summary:
The biodegradability of Semicarbazide-HCl has been assessed in seawater at 21.2 ± 1.6oC using the shake flask test method according to OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals 306 (OECD, 1992).
The test compound was exposed to indigenous microorganisms in natural seawater.
Semicarbazide-HClwas tested at a concentration of 1000 mg/L.
Semicarbazide-HClwas 84% degraded.
The reference control, aniline, was 93% biodegraded after 7 days. The toxicity control did not degrade.
Reference
Toxicity control
There was only 11% biodegradation in the toxicity control after 21 days incubation, see Figure 2. This would normally mean that the test substance is inhibitory to the bacteria. However, since the test substance alone was degraded it is assumed that the lack of biodegradation in the toxicity control might be caused by a combination effect of Semicarbazide-HCl and aniline.
Biodegradation of the test samples
The DOC values are shown in Table 1
Semicarbazide-HCl had an average biodegradation of 84% after 28 days (Table 2). The two parallel flasks had a similar degradation curve.
Table 1 DOC Values
|
|
|
DOC after n days (mg/L) |
||||
|
flask no. |
0 |
7 |
14 |
21 |
28 |
|
Test flasks |
1 |
a1 |
10.0 |
6.8 |
4.7 |
2.8 |
2.0 |
a2 |
10.2 |
6.8 |
4.6 |
3.0 |
2.2 |
||
mean, Ca(t) |
10.1 |
6.8 |
4.7 |
2.9 |
2.1 |
||
2 |
b1 |
10.2 |
5.7 |
2.6 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
|
b2 |
10.4 |
5.8 |
2.6 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
||
mean, Cb(t) |
10.3 |
5.8 |
2.6 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
||
Blank control |
1 |
C1 |
1.1 |
0.9 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
C2 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
1.1 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
||
mean, Cc(t) |
1.1 |
0.9 |
1.1 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
||
2 |
d1 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
1.0 |
|
d2 |
1.2 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
||
mean, Cd(t) |
1.2 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
||
mean, C(bl(t) |
1,1 |
0.9 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
||
= (Cc(t) + Cc(t)) / 2 |
|||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Controls |
Reference |
R1 |
20.6 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
1.9 |
|
R2 |
20.6 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
2.1 |
|||
mean, Cr(t) |
20.6 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
2.0 |
|||
Toxicity |
X1 |
27.3 |
26.8 |
26.3 |
23.8 |
||
X2 |
27.1 |
27.2 |
27.6 |
24.4 |
|||
mean, Cx(t) |
27.2 |
27.0 |
27.0 |
24.1 |
Temperature range during test was maximum 22.7oCand minimum 19.6oC, resulting in a mean test temperature of21.2 ± 1.6˚C
Table 2 % Degradation after n days
Flask N o. | % Degradation after n days | |||
7 | 14 | 21 | 28 | |
Test Flask 1 | 35 | 59 | 79 | 87 |
Test Flask 2 | 37 | 72 | 80 | 80 |
Mean | 36 | 65 | 80 | 84 |
Reference Control | 93 | 93 | 95 | |
Toxicity Control | 0 | 0 | 11 |
Description of key information
The biodegradability of Semicarbazide-HCl has been assessedin seawater at 21.2 ± 1.6oC using the shake flask test method according to OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals 306 (OECD, 1992).
The test compound was exposed to indigenous microorganisms in natural seawater.
Semicarbazide-HClwas tested at a concentration of 1000 mg/L.
Semicarbazide-HClwas 84% degraded.
The reference control, aniline, was 93% biodegraded after 7 days. The toxicity control did not degrade.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
- Type of water:
- marine water
Additional information
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