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EC number: 219-135-3 | CAS number: 2370-63-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Guinea pig maximisation test: Not sensitising (OECD guideline 406/EU
method B.6), induction: intradermal/epicutaneous; pretreatment with 10%
SDS to provoke local skin irritation prior to epicutaneous induction;
challenge: topical)
Ear-flank test: not sensitising (non-guideline test, pre-GLP)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin sensitisation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1991-10-28 to 1994-11-21
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.6 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Version / remarks:
- 31 July 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 17 July 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- A valid GPMT conducted according to guideline is available, which is reliable without restrictions and adequate for classification and labelling purposes. Potency estimation is not mandatory when existing guideline and GLP conforming data are available, which were conducted before the new annex of the REACH Regulation entered into force. Moreover, no indication for skin sensitisation was observed in this study, thus, no dose response information is needed. For this reason and for reasons of animal welfare no additional LLNA was conducted.
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Dunkin-Hartley
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 353±23 g
- Housing: individually in polycarbonate cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21±2
- Humidity (%): 30-70
- Air changes (per hr): app. 12
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12 - Route:
- intradermal and epicutaneous
- Vehicle:
- paraffin oil
- Concentration / amount:
- intadermal induction: 10% in paraffin oil
epicutaneous induction: 100%
challenge: 100% - Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- paraffin oil
- Concentration / amount:
- intadermal induction: 10% in paraffin oil
epicutaneous induction: 100%
challenge: 100% - No. of animals per dose:
- 10 (test group), 5 (control group)
- Details on study design:
- RANGE FINDING TESTS:
determination of the minimal irritant concentration which did not provoke necrosis or ulceration by intradermal route: 10%
application by cutaneous route: 100% did not induce local irritation
MAIN STUDY
A. INDUCTION EXPOSURE
Intradermal induction
- No. of exposures: 1
- Test groups: test substance, 10% in paraffin oil
- Control group: vehicle
- Site: shoulder region
- Frequency of applications: 1x
- Concentrations:
0.1 mL Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA)
0.1 mL 10% test substance (or vehicle only in control)
0.1 mL 50:50 mixture of 10% test substance (or vehicle only in control) and FCA
Epicutaneous induction on day 8
- No. of exposures: 1
- Exposure period: 48 h
- Test groups: 100% test substance
- Control group: vehicle
- Site: shoulder region, same as for intradermal injections
- Concentrations: 100% test substance (or vehicle in control)
- pretreatment with 10% sodium laurylsulphate in Vaseline to provoke local skin irritation one day before epicutaneous induction
B. CHALLENGE EXPOSURE on day 22
- No. of exposures: 1
- Day(s) of challenge: day 22
- Exposure period: 24 h
- Test groups: 100% test substance (right), vehicle (left)
- Control group: 100% test substance (right), vehicle (left)
- Site: posterior flanks
- Concentrations: 100%
- Evaluation (hr after challenge): 24 h, 48 h - Challenge controls:
- yes, vehicle
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- DINITRO 2,4 CHLOROBENZENE
- Positive control results:
- The positive control substance Dinitro-2,4-chlorobenzene (performed January 1994) induced positive skin sensitisation reactions in 100% of the guinea-pigs at a concentration of 0.5%.
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 100%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 100%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 100%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 100%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 0.5% left flank, 0.1% right flank
- No. with + reactions:
- 5
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 0.5% left flank, 0.1% right flank
- No. with + reactions:
- 5
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- ETMA is not a dermal sensitiser in this study.
- Executive summary:
In a dermal sensitisation study according to OECD guideline 406, adopted 17 July 1992, and EU method B.6, 31 July 1992, with ETMA (99.94% a.i.), 10 young adult female Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs were tested using the method of Magnusson & Kligman (Guinea Pig Maximisation Test).
Test concentrations were selected based on pretest results: 10% in paraffin oil was the minimal irritant concentration which did not provoke necrosis or ulceration by intradermal route. 100% was used for topical induction as well as for challenge. As the test substance was not irritating, the skin was preteated with 10% sodium laurylsulphate in Vaseline to provoke local skin irritation prior to epicutaneous induction.
At the end of the induction period, on day 10, after removal of the dressing, signs of irritation were observed at the intradermal injection sites in control and treated groups.
No cutaneous reactions were observed 24 and 48 hours after removal of the dressing of the challenge cutaneous application of the test substance.
The positive control substance Dinitro-2,4-chlorobenzene induced positive skin sensitisation reactions in 100% of the guinea-pigs at a concentration of 0.5%.
ETMA is not a dermal sensitiser in this study.
Reference
No clinical signs or mortalities were observed during the study. The body weight gain of the treated animals was normal when compared to that of the control animals.
At the end of the induction period, on day 10, after removal of the dressing, signs of irritation were observed at the intradermal injection sites in control and treated groups.
No cutaneous reactions were observed 24 and 48 hours after removal of the dressing of the challenge cutaneous application of the test substance.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
- Additional information:
In a dermal sensitisation study according to OECD guideline 406, adopted 17 July 1992, and EU method B.6, 31 July 1992, with ETMA (99.94% a.i.), 10 young adult female Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs were tested using the method of Magnusson & Kligman (Guinea Pig Maximisation Test).
Test concentrations were selected based on pretest results: 10% in paraffin oil was the minimal irritant concentration which did not provoke necrosis or ulceration by intradermal route. 100% was used for topical induction as well as for challenge. As the test substance was not irritating, the skin was preteated with 10% SDS in Vaseline to provoke local skin irritation prior to epicutaneous induction.
At the end of the induction period, on day 10, after removal of the dressing, signs of irritation were observed at the intradermal injection sites in control and treated groups.
No cutaneous reactions were observed 24 and 48 hours after removal of the dressing of the challenge cutaneous application of the test substance.
The positive control substance Dinitro-2,4-chlorobenzene induced positive skin sensitisation reactions in 100% of the guinea-pigs at a concentration of 0.5%.
ETMA is not a dermal sensitiser in this study.
This finding is supported by the following study:
In a dermal sensitisation study (ear-flank test) according to Stevens MA, 1967 (Brit. J. Industr. Med., 1967, 24, 189), ETMA was applied as 10% in Dimethyl formamide for induction and 10, 1 and 0.1% in Dimethyl formamide for challenge.
No erythematous reactions were observed in any of the test animals or control animals during the study. It is concluded that under the conditions of this test, ETMA is not a strong sensitiser of guinea pig skin.
There are no data gaps for the endpoint skin sensitisation. No human information is available for this endpoint. However, there is no reason to believe that the available results would not be applicable to humans.
Respiratory sensitisation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
- Additional information:
There is no information available for respiratory sensitisation. Therefore, there is a data gap in this respect. However, the data gap cannot be filled with experimental data, since there is no internationally accepted animal model for respiratory sensitisation. In case human data for respiratory sensitisation emerges, this will be taken into account. For skin sensitisation, there is no reason to believe that results obtained in guinea pigs would not be applicable to humans.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the available data, ETMA does not need to be classified for skin sensitisation according to regulation (EC) 1272/2008 or the former European directive on classification and labelling 67/548/EEC. Thus, no labelling is required.
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