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EC number: 219-350-2 | CAS number: 2422-88-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 14 March 2017 - 13 April 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 017
- Report date:
- 2017
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ISO International Standard 9439 “Water Quality - Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium - carbon dioxide evolution test
- Version / remarks:
- 1999
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ISO International Standard 10634 "Water Quality - Guidance for the preparation and treatment of poorly water-soluble organic compounds for the subsequent evaluation of their biodegradability in an aqueous medium"
- Version / remarks:
- 1995
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Tributyl-2-thiourea
- EC Number:
- 219-350-2
- EC Name:
- Tributyl-2-thiourea
- Cas Number:
- 2422-88-0
- Molecular formula:
- C13H28N2S
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,1,3-tributylthiourea
- Test material form:
- liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Tri butyl thiourea
- Appearance: Clear pale to medium brown liquid
- Storage conditions: At room temperature
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Since Tri butyl thiourea was not sufficiently soluble to allow preparation of an aqueous solution at a concentration of 1 g/L, weighed amounts were added to the 2-litres test bottles containing medium with microbial organisms and mineral components (test item bottle A: 38.17 mg; test item bottle B: 38.03 mg and toxicity control bottle: 38.03 mg). To this end, 10 mL of Milli-RO water was added to each weighing bottle containing the test item. After vigorous mixing (vortex) the resulting suspension was added quantitatively to the test medium. The test solutions were continuously stirred during the test, to ensure optimal contact between the test item and the test organisms.
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Municipal sewage treatment plant 'Waterschap Aa en Maas', 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands, receiving predominantly domestic sewage.
- Storage conditions: Freshly obtained sludge was kept under continuous aeration until further treatment.
- Concentration of suspended solids: 4.4 g/L in the concentrated sludge.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The sludge was allowed to settle (31 minutes) and the supernatant liquid was used as inoculum at the amount of 10 mL/L of mineral medium.
- Pretreatment: The day before the start of the test (day -1) mineral components, Milli-RO water (ca. 80% of final volume) and inoculum (1% of final volume) were added to each bottle. This mixture was aerated with synthetic air overnight to purge the system of CO2. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
Initial test substance concentrationopen allclose all
- Initial conc.:
- 19 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 12 mg/L
- Based on:
- TOC
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: According to OECD 301B
- Test temperature: 22-24 °C
- pH: at start: 7.6, t=14d: 7.7, t=28d: 7.6
- pH adjusted: no
- Test media were excluded from light and the test vessels were brown coloured glass bottles.
- Test media were aerated and stirred continuously.
TEST SYSTEM
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 for test suspension, 2 for inoculum blank, 1 for positive control, 1 for toxicity control.
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: Aeration with synthetic air (CO2 < 1 ppm).
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics: Three CO2-absorbers (bottles filled with 100 mL 0.0125 M Ba(OH)2) were connected in series to the exit air line of each test bottle. Each time the CO2-absorber nearest to the test bottle was removed for titration; each of the remaining two absorbers was moved one position in the direction of the test bottle. A new CO2-absorber was placed at the far end of the series.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Titrations were made on day 2, 5, 7, 9, 15, 19, 23, 27 and 29. Titrations for the positive and toxicity control were made over a period of at least 14 days.
- Sampling method: Titration of Ba(OH)2 in the gas scrubbing bottles.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes; contained only inoculum
- Toxicity control: contained test item, reference item, and inoculum
- Other: positive control; contained reference item and inoculum.
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- acetic acid, sodium salt
Results and discussion
% Degradation
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 11
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Mean of 2 test bottles
- Details on results:
- - Biodegradation: The relative biodegradation revealed 19% and 3% biodegradation of Tri butyl thiourea (based on ThCO2), for the duplicate bottles tested. Thus, the criterion for ready biodegradability (at least 60% biodegradation within a 10-day window) was not met.
- Toxicity control: More than 25% biodegradation occurred within 14 days (35%, based on ThCO2). Therefore, the test item was assumed not to inhibit microbial activity.
- ThCO2: ThCO2 of Tri butyl thiourea was calculated to be 2.34 mg CO2/mg. The ThCO2 of sodium acetate was calculated to be 1.07 mg CO2/mg.
- Deviations from study plan:
1. There were no titrations between nominal day 9 and nominal day 15. This is not in line with the Study Plan, which states that there will be titrations at least every 5 days. Evaluation: Three CO2 traps are placed in line, in order to catch any breakthrough CO2. Furthermore, all validity criteria were met. Therefore, it can be concluded this deviation has had no impact on the validity or results of the test.
2. On nominal day 20 the gas bottles were empty, leading to a short breakdown in aeration. Evaluation: Such a short (<1 day) breakdown in aeration has no impact on the results. Furthermore, all validity criteria were met.
The study integrity was not adversely affected by the deviations.
BOD5 / COD results
- Results with reference substance:
- The positive control, sodium acetate, showed a normal biodegradation curve and reached 86% biodegradation after 14 days, which passes the validity criterium of at least 60% biodegradation within 14 days.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Acceptability of the test
1. The positive control item was biodegraded by at least 60% (86%) within 14 days.
2. The difference of duplicate values for %-degradation of the test item was always less than 20 (≤ 17%).
3. The total CO2 release in the blank at the end of the test did not exceed 40 mg/L (42.2 mg CO2 per 2 litres of medium, corresponding to 21.1 mg CO2/L).
4. The Inorganic Carbon content (IC) of the test item (suspension) in the mineral medium at the beginning of the test was less than 5% of the Total Carbon content (TC). Since the test medium was prepared in tap-water purified by reverse osmosis (Milli-RO water (Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass., USA, carbon levels < 500 ppb)), IC was less than 5% of TC (mainly coming from the test item, 12 mg TOC/L).
Since all criteria for acceptability of the test were met, this study was considered to be valid.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Tri butyl thiourea was biodegraded significantly (19% and 3%) during the test period. However, since at least 60% biodegradation was not reached within 10 days immediately following the attainment of 10% biodegradation (10-day window), the criterion for ready biodegradability was not met. Thus, under the conditions of this test Tri butyl thiourea was not readily biodegradable.
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