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EC number: 200-926-7 | CAS number: 76-02-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- significant methodological deficiencies
- Remarks:
- Non standard method of application which makes uncertain the concentration tested
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Dichloroacetic acid and related compounds: induction of prophage in E. coli and mutagenicity and mutation spectra in Salmonella TA100
- Author:
- David M.DeMarini, Erica Perry and Melissa L.Shelton
- Year:
- 1 994
- Bibliographic source:
- Mutagenesis, vol. 9 no. 5, pages 429-437
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- only TA100 tested, vaporization technique, few information available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The mutagenicity of Trichloroacetyl chloride (TCAC) (volatilde compound) in strain TA100 of Salmonella was evaluated using the vaporization technique (Hughues et al., 1987).
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Trichloroacetyl chloride
- EC Number:
- 200-926-7
- EC Name:
- Trichloroacetyl chloride
- Cas Number:
- 76-02-8
- Molecular formula:
- C2Cl4O
- IUPAC Name:
- trichloroacetyl chloride
- Test material form:
- liquid
- Details on test material:
- Purity: 99%
No other information was available.
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Trichloroacetyl chloride was purchased from Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI, USA).
Method
- Target gene:
- TA100 contains the base-substitution allele hisG46, which is the only allele of the Ames Salmonella strains that has detected the mutagenic activity of TCAC.
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- post-mitochondrial fraction (S9 fraction) obtained from a liver microsomal fraction of rats induced with Aroclor 1254
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- With S9: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 ppm
Without S9: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 ppm - Vehicle / solvent:
- no data
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- no
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- other: 2-aminoanthracene
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- 2.5 mL of top agar containing 100 µL of an overnight culture of strain TA100 (+/- 500 µL of S9 mix) were poured onto 50 mL of minimal medium in a 100-mm glass petri dish. After the top agar had hardened, the bottom and top parts of the petri dish were placed against each other, and the assembly was inserted into a Tedlar bag of known volume (600 - 800 mL) with the inverted top of the dish directly under the septum of the bag. The bag was then sealed, and various amounts of the test compound were injected through a septum on the bag into the inverted top of the petri dish. The bag was placed in a 37°C incubator for 24 h, after which the bag was opened, the two halves of the petri were reassembled, and the inverted plate was placed back in the incubator for an additional 48 h. Colonies were counted by an automatic colony counter (biotran II).
Each petri plate was in a separate bag, and two plates were exposed at each concentration of chemical tested. All experiments were performed at least twice. The concentration (p.p.m.) of the test chemical in the bag was calculated based on the volume of the bag and the amount (µL) and density (g/mL) of the test chemical injected into the bag.
A reproducible, 2-fold increase in revertants/plate relative to the background was considered a positive response. - Statistics:
- Chi-square analysis
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not specified
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not specified
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- Trichloroacetyl chloride (TCAC) was tested to toxicity as indicated by a reduction in the number of revertants/plate relative to the background and/or a thinning of the background lawn of cells. TCAC (+/- S9) gave reproducible, mutagenic responses.
S9 had no effect on the mutagenic potency of TCAC.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Mutagenic potencies of chemicals in Salmonella TA100
Chemicala |
Revertants/p.p.m. (r²)a |
LECb |
||
Experiment 1 |
Experiment 2 |
Mean |
||
TCAC (- S9) |
0.5 (0.99) |
0.8 (0.84) |
0.7 |
300 |
TCAC (+ S9) |
0.9 (0.92) |
0.7 (0.82) |
0.8 |
200 |
a: Potencies are the slopes of the regression calculated over the linear portion of the dose-response curves in Figure 1.
b: Lowest effective concentration, i.e. the concentration (p.p.m.) producing a 2 -fold increase in rev/plate relative to the background.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In these test conditions, Trichloroacetyl chloride is mutagenic for the strain TA100 with and without metabolic activation.
- Executive summary:
The mutagenicity of Trichloroacetyl chloride (TCAC) (volatilde compound) in strain TA100 of Salmonella typhimurium with and without metabolic activation, was evaluated using the vaporization technique.
TCAC was tested to toxicity as indicated by a reduction in the number of revertants/plate relative to the background and/or a thinning of the background lawn of cells. TCAC (+/- S9) gave reproducible, mutagenic responses.
In these test conditions, TCAC is mutagenic for the strain TA100 with and without metabolic activation.
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