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EC number: 700-042-6 | CAS number: 177997-13-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- The study was performed between 16 July 2008 and 17 July 2008
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted to GLP and in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do no effect the quality of the relevant results.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 008
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- UK GLP standards (Schedule 1, Good Laboratory Practice Regulations 1999 (SI 1999/3106 as amended by SI 2004/0994))
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- aluminium(3+) nickel(2+) λ²-cobalt(2+) lithium(1+) tetraoxidandiide
- EC Number:
- 700-042-6
- Cas Number:
- 177997-13-6
- Molecular formula:
- LiNiCoAlO2 where stoichiometry of Ni+Co+Al equals 1 and ranges are Li = 0.9 – 1.3, Co = 0.01 – 0.2, Ni = 0.75 – 0.99 and Al = 0.01 – 0.2
- IUPAC Name:
- aluminium(3+) nickel(2+) λ²-cobalt(2+) lithium(1+) tetraoxidandiide
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: One New Zealand White rabbit was supplied by Harlan UK Limited, Bicester, Oxon, UK
- Age at study initiation: 12 to 20 weeks old.
- Weight at study initiation: 3.41 kg
- Housing: The animal was housed in a suspended cage.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to food (Certified Rabbit Diet) was allowed throughout the study.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to mains drinking water was allowed throughout the study
- Acclimation period: at least five days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 17 to 23°C
- Humidity (%): 30 to 70%
- Air changes (per hr): at least fifteen changes per hour
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): lighting was controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours continuous light (06:00 to 18:00) and twelve hours darkness.
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Preparation of test site:
- other: clipped free of fur
- Vehicle:
- water
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 g of the test material, moistened with 0.5 ml of distilled water
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- A single 3-minute semi-occluded application of the test material and a single 1-hour semi-occluded application.
- Observation period:
- 24 hours
- Number of animals:
- 1
- Details on study design:
- Procedure:
On the day before the test the rabbit was clipped free of fur from the dorsal/flank area using veterinary clippers.
Two suitable sites were selected on the back of the rabbit. At each test site a quantity of 0.5 g of the test material, moistened with 0.5 ml of distilled water, was introduced under a 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm cotton gauze patch and placed in position on the shorn skin. Each patch was secured in position with a strip of surgical adhesive tape. To prevent the animal interfering with the patches, the trunk of the rabbit was wrapped in an elasticated corset for the duration of the exposure period.
One patch was removed at each of two time points: 3 minutes and 1 hour after application. Any residual test material was removed by gentle swabbing with cotton wool soaked in distilled water.
Due to the corrosive reactions following an exposure period of 1-hour, the 4 hour exposure period was not investigated.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 24 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: 3- minute exposure
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: within 24 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: 3-minute exposure
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 48 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: test was terminated after 24h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 72 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: test was terminated after 24h
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: 3-minute exposure
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 24 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: 3-minute exposure
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 48 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: test was terminated after 24h
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 72 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: test was terminated after 24h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: 1-hour exposure
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- >= 0 - <= 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: 1-hour exposure - adverse reaction prevents accurate evaluation of erythema
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: 1-hour exposure
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- >= 0 - <= 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: 1-hour exposure - Adverse reaction prevents accurate evaluation of oedema
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- 3-Minute Exposure Period:
The individual scores for erythema/eschar and oedema are given in Table 1.
Very slight erythema was noted at the treated skin site one hour after patch removal. A small area of petechial haemorrhage was also noted at the left and right edges of the treated skin site at this observation. Well defined erythema and very slight oedema were noted at the treated skin site at the 24 hour observation. A small dark coloured scab, approximately 4 mm x 4 mm in size, was also noted on the right edge of the treated skin site at this observation.
1-Hour Exposure Period:
The individual scores for erythema/eschar and oedema are given in Table 1.
Reactions noted at the treated skin site one hour after patch removal were green coloured dermal necrosis (attributed a Draize score of 4 for injuries in depth), surrounded by dermal haemorrhage, and slight oedema. A sunken, hardened dark brown/black coloured scab, preventing accurate evaluation of erythema and oedema, was noted at the treated skin site at the 24 hour observation. - Other effects:
- None.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table1 Individual Skin Reactions Following 3-Minute and 1-Hour Exposures
Skin Reaction |
Observation Time |
Individual Scores - Rabbit Number and Sex |
|
67601 Male |
|||
3-Minute Exposure |
1-Hour Exposure |
||
Erythema/Eschar Formation |
1 Hour |
1Hd |
4NHd* |
24 Hours |
2St |
?eSu |
|
Oedema Formation |
1 Hour |
0 |
2 |
24 Hours |
1 |
?od |
N= Green coloured dermal necrosis
Hd = Small area of petechial haemorrhage on left and right edges of test site
Hd* = Dermal haemorrhage surrounding dermal necrosis
St = Small dark coloured scab, approximately 4 mm x 4 mm, on the right edge of test site
Su = Sunken, hardened dark brown/black coloured scab
?e = Adverse reaction prevents accurate evaluation of erythema
?od = Adverse reaction prevents accurate evaluation of oedema
Due to the corrosive reactions following an exposure period of 1-hour, the 4‑hour exposure period was not investigated.
The animal was killed for humane reasons immediately after the 24-hour observation, due to the irreversible effects, in accordance with Company policy and current UK Home Office guidelines.
The test material was classified as CORROSIVE to rabbit skin (based on one rabbit only).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1B (corrosive) based on GHS criteria
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The test material was classified as CORROSIVE to rabbit skin (based on one rabbit only).
- Executive summary:
Introduction.
The study was performed to assess the irritancy potential of the test material to the skin of the New Zealand White rabbit. The method was designed to meet the requirements of the following:
§ OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals No. 404 “Acute Dermal Irritation/Corrosion” (adopted)
§ Method B4 Acute Toxicity (Skin Irritation) of Commission Directive 2004/73/EC
Results.
A single 3-minute semi-occluded application of the test material to the intact skin of one rabbit produced no corrosive effects.
A single 1-hour, semi-occluded application of the test material to the intact skin of one rabbit produced reactions indicative of dermal corrosion. The reactions included green coloured dermal necrosis and scabbing.
The animal was killed for humane reasons immediately after the 24-hour observation, due to the irreversible effects, in accordance with Company policy and current UK Home Office guidelines.
Due to the corrosive reactions following an exposure period of 1-hour, the 4-hour exposure period was not investigated.
Conclusion.
The test material was classified as corrosive to rabbit skin (based on one rabbit only).
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