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EC number: 223-529-0 | CAS number: 3943-89-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_environmental-fate-and-pathways.png)
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 29 August 2016 to 29 September 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 016
- Report date:
- 2016
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
- EC Number:
- 223-529-0
- EC Name:
- Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
- Cas Number:
- 3943-89-3
- Molecular formula:
- C9H10O4
- IUPAC Name:
- ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: municipal sewage treatment plant: 'Waterschap Aa en Maas', 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
- Storage conditions: preconditioned to experimental conditions by continuous aeration in the climate controlled room
- Storage length: approximately 26 hours
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: pre-conditioned to expermental conditions
- Pretreatment: allowed to settle, the supernatant is used as inoculum
- Concentration of sludge: 10 mL/L medium
- suspended solids: 3.7 g/L - Duration of test (contact time):
- 29 d
Initial test substance concentrationopen allclose all
- Initial conc.:
- 20.5 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 12 mg/L
- Based on:
- TOC
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: mineral medium according to the guideline
- Test temperature: 21.7 - 22.4°C.
- pH: 7.5-7.6
- pH adjusted: no
- Aeration of dilution water: yes but interrupted on day 13 (<1 day)
- Suspended solids concentration: 3.7 mg/L
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 2 litre brown glass vessels
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 for inoculum controls, 2 for test substance, 1 for reference substance, 1 for toxicity control
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: Synthetic air was sparged through the solutions
- Measuring equipment: A mixture of oxygen (ca. 20%) and nitrogen (ca. 80%) was passed through a bottle, containing 0.5 - 1 litre 0.0125 M Ba(OH)2 solution to trap CO2 which might be present in small amounts. The synthetic air was sparged through the scrubbing solutions at a rate of approximately 1-2 bubbles per second (ca. 30-100 mL/min).
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: NA
- Details of trap for CO2: 3 BaOH traps in serie
SAMPLING: day 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 19, 23, 27, 29 (+after elution with HCl)
STATISTICAL METHODS: none applied
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- acetic acid, sodium salt
- Remarks:
- 40 mg/L, 12 mg/L as TOC
Results and discussion
% Degradationopen allclose all
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- >= 8 - <= 9
- Sampling time:
- 7 d
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- >= 61 - <= 68
- Sampling time:
- 14 d
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- >= 65 - <= 94
- Sampling time:
- 29 d
- Details on results:
- Both test bottles reach >60% biodegradation within the 10 day window. Therefore, it was concluded that the >20% difference in duplicates does not interfere with the validity of this test.
Any other information on results incl. tables
CO2production and percentage biodegradation
Day |
HCl (0.05 N) titrated (mL) |
Cumulative CO2 (mg) Bottle A |
Cumulative CO2 (mg) Bottle B |
Biodegradation1) (%) Bottle A |
Biodegradation1) (%) Bottle B |
||
Blank (mean) |
Bottle A |
Bottle B |
|||||
2 |
47.07 |
45.80 |
46.10 |
1.4 |
1.1 |
2 |
1 |
5 |
47.08 |
44.55 |
44.96 |
4.2 |
3.4 |
5 |
4 |
7 |
46.71 |
44.26 |
42.61 |
6.9 |
7.9 |
8 |
9 |
9 |
47.02 |
40.23 |
24.61 |
14.3 |
32.5 |
16 |
37 |
12 |
47.11 |
15.75 |
33.27 |
48.8 |
47.8 |
55 |
54 |
13 |
48.41 |
41.56 |
44.18 |
56.4 |
52.4 |
63 |
59 |
14 |
49.10 |
45.28 |
47.82 |
60.5 |
53.8 |
68 |
61 |
19 |
47.76 |
37.46 |
46.97 |
71.9 |
54.7 |
81 |
62 |
23 |
46.70 |
41.74 |
45.68 |
77.3 |
55.8 |
87 |
63 |
27 |
44.37 |
40.86 |
43.31 |
81.2 |
57.0 |
91 |
64 |
29 |
46.99 |
45.13 |
46.85 |
83.2 |
57.1 |
93 |
64 |
29 |
49.45 |
48.88 |
49.67 |
83.8 |
57.1 |
94 |
64 |
29 |
51.26 |
51.57 |
51.11 |
83.8 |
57.3 |
94 |
65 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- no
- Remarks:
- the deviation between the 2 replicates exposed to the test substance was > 20%, as both replicates showed ready biodegradation, this finding is considered not to interfere with the validity of the test.
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The substance is considered readily biodegradable under the conditions of the test
- Executive summary:
In a CO2 -evolution test, the substance degraded for > 60% (actually 94 and 65% per replicate) during the 29 day test period. As both of the replicates fulfilled the 10-day window criterion, the results are sufficient valid to conclude that the substance is readily biodegradable.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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