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EC number: 242-644-7 | CAS number: 18880-36-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2016-04-11 - 2016-04-14 (experimental phase)
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: OECD 201 guideline study under GLP on the registered substance itself without deviations.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 016
- Report date:
- 2016
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals No. 201, adopted 23. Mar. 2006, An-nex 5 corrected: 28 July 2011 “Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test”
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Version / remarks:
- Regulation EC No. 761/2009 amending Regulation EC No. 440/2008, Annex IV, Method C.3: “FRESHWATER ALGAE AND CYANOBACTERIA, GROWTH INHIBITION TEST,” adopted 23. July 2009
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Landesamt für Umwelt, Wasserwirtschaft und Gewerbeaufsicht, Kaiser-Friedrich-Straße 7, 55116 Mainz, Germany
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sodium 3-[[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]thio]propanesulphonate
- EC Number:
- 242-644-7
- EC Name:
- Sodium 3-[[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]thio]propanesulphonate
- Cas Number:
- 18880-36-9
- Molecular formula:
- C6H13NO3S3.Na
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium 3-[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)sulfanyl]propane-1-sulfonate
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): sodium 3-[[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]thio]propanesulphonate, DPS
- Substance type: pure substance
- Storage condition of test material: Room Temperature (20 ± 5°C)
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0, 10, 18, 32, 56, 100 mg/L
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock solution containing 100.2 mg/L in algal medium (demineralised water enriched with minerals but without algae) was prepared. The lower treatments were prepared by dilution of this stock solution with nutrient medium.
- Controls: Blank control was deionised water with nutrient medium and algae. Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 (CAS No. 7778-50-9) was used as positive control in a separate reference test.
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): none stated
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Unicellular freshwater green alga, Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Strain: SAG Strain Number 86.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): The culture of Desmodesmus subspicatus was obtained in February 2014 by MBM Sciencebridge GmbH (Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie of Universität Göttingen).
- Method of cultivation: The algae are kept as stock culture on solid agar at 2 - 8 °C. From the stock culture, a permanent culture was prepared. From an aliquot of the permanent culture, the pre-culture was prepared.
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): same
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: none stated
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- none
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 22.1 - 23.4 °C
- pH:
- 7.7 (0h) - 7.5 (72h)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0, 10, 18, 32, 56, 100 mg/L (nominal)
Measured concentrations were withing 91-98%. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass flasks total volume 65 mL
- Type (delete if not applicable): open (covered with perforated plastic foil)
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 20 ml headspace
- Initial cells density: 3.2 *10exp3 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 159313 ± 36644 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: All solutions were sterilised before use.
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continuous light
- Light intensity and quality: 5300 Lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : daily
- Determination of cell concentrations: electronic particle counter
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: 0, 10, 18, 32, 56, 100 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 (CAS No. 7778-50-9)
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: yield
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: yield
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): none observed
- Unusual cell shape: none observed
- Colour differences: none observed
- Flocculation: none observed
- Adherence to test vessels: none observed
- Aggregation of algal cells: none observed
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: yes
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: none observed
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: none - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50:
Growth rate: 0.80 mg/L, 95% confidence interval: 0.76 – 0.85 mg/L
Yield: 0.36 mg/L, 95% confidence interval: 0.35 – 0.38 mg/L
Any other information on results incl. tables
Findings
Cell Numbers
The cell numbers were determined by determination of the cell numbers via an electronic particle counter. The means and standard deviations of the cell numbers of the control and the treatments are presented in the following table:
Table Cell Number/mL
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
Para-meter |
Cell Number/mL |
|||
|
|
0 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
Blank control |
Mean |
3297 |
12213 |
63070 |
162610 |
Blank control |
SD |
196 |
444 |
6381 |
36694 |
10 |
Mean |
3827 |
13193 |
61367 |
176840 |
10 |
SD |
461 |
913 |
8722 |
38118 |
18 |
Mean |
3973 |
14547 |
72847 |
194113 |
18 |
SD |
31 |
867 |
5576 |
25373 |
32 |
Mean |
3847 |
17747 |
86020 |
275060 |
32 |
SD |
356 |
889 |
4011 |
9342 |
56 |
Mean |
4500 |
15493 |
67053 |
227793 |
56 |
SD |
1214 |
1962 |
8380 |
31490 |
100 |
Mean |
4060 |
15027 |
68933 |
226647 |
100 |
SD |
322 |
1910 |
13673 |
36490 |
SD = Standard Deviation
Light Intensity
In the following table,the light intensity during the test is stated:
Table Light Intensity
|
0 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
Light intensity [lux] |
5300 |
5300 |
5300 |
5300 |
pH values
In the following table,the pH values measured at the start and the end of the test are stated:
Table pH values
Nominal Concentrationin mg/L |
0 h |
72 h |
Blank control |
7.7 |
7.5 |
10 |
7.7 |
7.5 |
18 |
7.7 |
7.5 |
32 |
7.7 |
7.5 |
56 |
7.7 |
7.5 |
100 |
7.7 |
7.5 |
Microscopical Observations
In the following table, the appearance of the algae at the end of the test is stated:
Table Microscopical Observations
Nominal Concentrationin mg/L |
Normal and Healthy Appearance of the Algae |
Blank control |
Yes |
10 |
Yes |
18 |
Yes |
32 |
Yes |
56 |
Yes |
100 |
Yes |
Analytical Determination
The measured concentrations after 72 hours were in a range between 91 % and 98 % of the nominal concentration. Therefore, the determination of the biological results was based on the nominal concentration.
The details are given in the following table:
Table Calculated Concentrations
Nominal Concentration |
Measured Concentration Test Item |
Measured Concentration Test Item t = 72 h |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
Blank control |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
10 |
9.08 |
9.50 |
18 |
17.12 |
17.39 |
32 |
30.45 |
31.23 |
56 |
53.78 |
54.68 |
100 |
95.51 |
97.65 |
LOQ (Limit of quantification) = 0.04 mg/L
Table Percentage of nominal Concentrations and Recovery
Nominal Concentration Test Item |
% of Nominal concentration |
% of Nominal concentration |
mg/L |
% |
% |
Blank control |
-- |
-- |
10 |
91 |
95 |
18 |
95 |
97 |
32 |
95 |
98 |
56 |
96 |
98 |
100 |
96 |
98 |
Growth Rate, Yield
From the cell numbers, the Growth Rate µ and the Yield were calculated. The means and standard deviations at the end of the test are given in the following table:
Table Growth Rate µ, Yield
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
Parameter |
Growth Rate (0-72h) [day-1] |
Yield (0-72h) |
Blank control |
Mean |
1.29 |
159313 |
SD |
0.08 |
36644 |
|
10 |
Mean |
1.27 |
173013 |
SD |
0.08 |
38059 |
|
18 |
Mean |
1.29 |
190140 |
SD |
0.04 |
25379 |
|
32 |
Mean |
1.42 |
271213 |
SD |
0.04 |
9695 |
|
56 |
Mean |
1.31 |
223293 |
SD |
0.13 |
32584 |
|
100 |
Mean |
1.34 |
222587 |
SD |
0.03 |
36171 |
SD = Standard Deviation
Inhibition
The following mean inhibition values were calculated for the Growth Rate µ and the Yield.
Table Inhibition Values
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
% Inhibition |
|
Growth Rate (0-72h) |
Yield (0-72h) |
|
Blank control |
0 |
0 |
10 |
1.45 |
-8.60 |
18 |
-0.16 |
-19.35 |
32 |
-10.20 |
-70.24 |
56 |
-1.63 |
-40.16 |
100 |
-3.58 |
-39.72 |
Negative inhibition values indicate a stimulation of algal growth compared to the control.
Statistics and Results
Calculation of results was performed with the help of validated software (Microsoft Excel®). Biological results are stated using two significant digits.
Biological Results
The following values were determined:
Table Biological Results of the Test Item
Parameter |
Value |
95% confidence interval |
NOEC (Growth Rate) 72 h |
≥ 100 mg/L |
not determinable |
NOEC (Yield) 72 h |
≥ 100 mg/L |
not determinable |
LOEC (Growth Rate) 72 h |
> 100 mg/L |
not determinable |
LOEC (Yield) 72 h |
> 100 mg/L |
not determinable |
72h ErC10 |
> 100 mg/L |
not determinable |
72h EyC10 |
> 100 mg/L |
not determinable |
72h ErC50 |
> 100 mg/L |
not determinable |
72h EyC50 |
> 100 mg/L |
not determinable |
Biological Results of the Reference Study
The results of the last study with the positive control K2Cr2O7 are presented in the following table. The study was performed under GLP conditions in November 2015.
Table Biological Results of K2Cr2O7
Parameter |
Value |
95% confidence interval |
72h ErC50 |
0.80 mg/L |
0.76 – 0.85 mg/L |
72h EyC50 |
0.36 mg/L |
0.35 – 0.38 mg/L |
Validity
Growth
Increase Factor:
The cell concentration in the blank control should increase by a factor of at least 16 within 72h.
Daily Growth Rates:
Mean coefficient of variation of daily growth rates in the blank controls should be 35% at the most.
Coefficient of variation of average growth rate during the whole test period should be 7% at the most.
Values and assessment:
The daily growth rates of the blank controls were calculated. Means, standard deviations and coefficients of variation were determined. Values and assessment can be found in the following tables.
Table Daily Growth Rates of the Controls
Growth rates |
days 0 – 1 |
days 1 – 2 |
days 2 – 3 |
CV of sectional daily growth rates |
days 0 – 3 |
Replicate 1 |
1.422 |
1.407 |
0.752 |
32% |
1.194 |
Replicate 2 |
1.286 |
1.591 |
0.801 |
33% |
1.226 |
Replicate 3 |
1.206 |
1.776 |
0.794 |
39% |
1.259 |
Replicate 4 |
1.396 |
1.677 |
1.076 |
22% |
1.383 |
Replicate 5 |
1.268 |
1.697 |
1.085 |
23% |
1.350 |
Replicate 6 |
1.284 |
1.679 |
1.063 |
23% |
1.342 |
Mean |
1.311 |
1.638 |
0.929 |
29% |
1.194 |
Standard deviation |
0.082 |
0.127 |
0.161 |
|
0.076 |
CV |
6% |
8% |
17% |
|
6% |
CV = Coefficient of Variation
Table Assessment
Parameter |
Validity criteria |
Observed value |
Assessment |
Increase factor biomass |
factor 16 in 72 h |
49 |
Valid |
Mean coefficient of variation of daily growth rates |
max. 35% |
29% |
Valid |
Coefficient of variation of average growth rate during the whole test period |
max. 7% |
6% |
Valid |
Change of pH
The pH of the blank control should not fluctuate by more than 1.5 units. The change was 0.2 units in the blank control.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The study was conducted under GLP according to OECD guideline 201 and EU method C.3 on the registered substance itself. The method is to be considered scientifically reasonable with no deficiencies in documentation or deviations from the guidelines, the validity criteria were met. Hence, the results can be considered as reliable to assess the toxicity of DPS towards algae.
No significant inhibition of algal growth was observed in all tested concentrations of DPS up to 100 mg/L.
Based on the obtained results, sodium 3-[[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]thio]propanesulphonate does not need to be classified as hazardous to the aquatic environment according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008. - Executive summary:
In a 72 hour acute toxicity study, the cultures of Desmodesmus subspicatus, SAG strain number 86.81, were exposed tosodium 3-[[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]thio]propanesulphonate at nominal concentrations of 0, 10, 18, 32, 56, 100 mg/L under static conditions in accordance with the OECD guideline 201 and EU method C.3. Growth rate μ and the yield were determined from the cell densities every 24 hours. The NOEC, LOEC and EC50values based on growth and yield were ≥ 100 mg/L (NOECs) and > 100 mg/L (LOECs, EC50s), respectively. The % growth inhibition in the treated algal culture did not differ from the one of the control.
There were no abnormalities, and no compound related phytotoxic effects noted.
This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirements for a 72h algae toxicity study.
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