Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 909-803-9 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / bone marrow chromosome aberration
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- data not available
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study meets accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Cytotoxic effect of nickel chloride on the somatic chromosomes of swiss albino mice mus musculus
- Author:
- Mohanty P.K.
- Year:
- 1 987
- Bibliographic source:
- Current Science, Vol. 56, No. 22
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 475 (Mammalian Bone Marrow Chromosome Aberration Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- No positive control, No determination of the mitotic index.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of assay:
- chromosome aberration assay
Test material
Reference
- Name:
- Unnamed
- Type:
- Constituent
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Nickel chloride
- Physical state: no data
- Analytical purity: no data
- Purity test date: no data
- Lot/batch No.: no data
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: no data
- Storage condition of test material: no data
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- other: Swiss albino mice mus musculus
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: no data
- Age at study initiation: 10 - 12 weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: no data
- Assigned to test groups randomly: no data
- Fasting period before study: no data
- Housing: no data
- Diet: no data
- Water: no data
- Acclimation period: no data
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): no data
- Humidity (%): no data
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): no data
IN-LIFE DATES: no data
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- intraperitoneal
- Vehicle:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: no data
- Details on exposure:
- The effect of different doses of nickel chloride with 3 different exposures was studied on the mice. In chronic treatment the highest dose was divided into 5 equal parts and the individual mouse was injected with each fraction 5 times at intervals of 24 hr and the animals sacrificed 24 hr after the last injection.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Acute treatment: one injection
Chronic treatment: 5 times at intervals of 24 hr - Frequency of treatment:
- Acute treatment: one injection
Chronic treatment: 5 times at intervals of 24 hr - Post exposure period:
- 6, 24 and 48 hr for each dose.
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
24, 12 and 6 mg/kg bw
Basis:
nominal conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- No data
- Control animals:
- yes
- Positive control(s):
- No data
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- Cytological preparations of bone-marrow cells were carried out.
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- No data
- Evaluation criteria:
- No data
- Statistics:
- Statistical evaluation by 't-test' was performed.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- not specified
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Toxicity:
- not specified
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- not examined
- Additional information on results:
- Qualitatively, the chemical induced general physiological effects like corrosion, chromatin and centromeric stretching. Quantitative scoring indicates chromatid gaps and breaks, exchange of chromatid and centromeric fission. Biometrical aspects show that all the doses induced the highest effect after 24 hr of exposure and irrespective of the dose and hour of acute exposures, the highest frequency of aberration (4.33 %) was induced by the dose of 12 mg/kg body weight after 24 hr exposure. considering the frequency of gps and breaks, it is evident that a greater number of gaps is induced rather than breaks.
The combined distribution of gap and break points obtained from all the treatments in bone-marrow cells was analysed to determine the localized effects produced by the chemical. Results indicate that the distal end of longsized chromosomes is comparatively more susceptible to nickel chloride. considering the initial action on the protein moety of the chromatids, the ditribution of gaps is greater than breaks irrespective of the dose and hour of treatment. Also, larger size chromosomes are more affected to gaps and breaks. Statistical evaluation by 't-test' show that aberrations induced by all the acute doses differ significantly from the control.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1 : Frequency of chromosal aberration in bone-marrow cells of mice induced by Nickel chloride treated intraperitoneally
Dose mg/kg | Exposure time (hr) | No. Of cells studied | Chomatid | Fragment | Exchange | Centromeric fission | Total | % of Aberration +/- S.E. | t-value | |
Gap | Break | |||||||||
6 | 6 | 300 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | - | 7 | 2.33 +/- 0.32 | |
24 | 300 | 6 | 4 | - | - | - | 10 | 3.33 +/- 0.32 | 6.11* | |
2.66 +/- 0.32 | ||||||||||
12 | 6 | 300 | 5 | 3 | - | 1 | - | 9 | 3.00 +/-0.57 | |
24 | 300 | 7 | 4 | 2 | - | - | 13 | 4.33 +/- 0.66 | 7.03* | |
48 | 300 | 6 | 3 | - | 1 | 1 | 11 | 3.66 +/- 0.32 | ||
24 | 6 | 300 | 5 | 3 | - | - | - | 8 | 2.66 +/- 0.32 | |
24 | 300 | 7 | 4 | - | - | 1 | 12 | 4.00 +/- 0.99 | 6.25* | |
48 | 300 | 5 | 4 | 1 | - | - | 10 | 3.33 +/- 0.57 | ||
Chronic 5 x 4.8 | 120 | 300 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 14 | 4.66 +/- 0.87 | |
Control (pooled) | 900 | 4 | 2 | - | - | - | 6 | 0.66 +/- 0.57 |
*P< 0.01 (significant at 0.01 % level); *P - calculated from t-table.
Table 2: Region-wise frequency distribution of gaps and breaks
Region of the chromosomes | Nature of aberration | |
Gap | Break | |
Proximal | 4 | 3 |
Middle | 31 | 9 |
Distal | 19 | 22 |
Table 3: Size-wise frequency distribution of gaps and breaks
Size of the chromosome according to length | No. Of chromosomes | Nature of aberration | |
Gap | Break | ||
Long size | 6 pairs | 4 | 3 |
Medium size | 10 pairs | 31 | 9 |
Short size | 4 pairs | 19 | 22 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): positive
Under the conditions of this test, the frequency of chromosomal aberration in bone-marrow cells of mice was induced by Nickel chloride. - Executive summary:
In a chromosome aberration test (Mohanty; 1987), Swiss albino mice were treated intraperitoneally with nickel chloride at doses of 6, 12 and 24 mg/kg bw. The effect of different doses of nickel chloride with 3 different exposures (6, 24 and 48 hr for each dose) was studied in the mice. In chronic treatment the highest dose of 24 mg/kg bw was divided into 5 equal parts and the individual mouse was injected with each fraction 5 times at intervals of 24 hr and animals sacrificed 24 hr after the last injection. Cytological preparations of bone-marrow cells were carried out following the conventional technique. For all treated experiments parallel controls were prepared by injecting equal volumes of distilled water. Qualitatively, the test chemical induced general physiological effects like corrosion, chromatin and centromeric stretching. Quantitative scoring showed chromatid gaps and breaks, exchange of chromatid and centromeric fission after a single administration or chronic treatments. Under the conditions of this test, the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in bone-marrow cells of mice was significantly increased by intraperitoneal administation of nickel chloride.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.