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EC number: 231-598-3 | CAS number: 7647-14-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Health surveillance data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- health surveillance data
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study is a review article of comaprision of salts,the study did not mention any guidelines.The interpretation of results comes from the survey data.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Sodium and potassium
- Author:
- Melvin J.fregly
- Year:
- 1 981
- Bibliographic source:
- Ann.rev.Nutr. 1981.1:69-93
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- human medical data
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline required
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- None
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sodium chloride
- EC Number:
- 231-598-3
- EC Name:
- Sodium chloride
- Cas Number:
- 7647-14-5
- Molecular formula:
- ClNa
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium chloride
- Reference substance name:
- 1647-14-5
- IUPAC Name:
- 1647-14-5
- Details on test material:
- No data
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Method
- Type of population:
- general
- Ethical approval:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- No data
Results and discussion
- Results:
- The infants who recieved NaCl instead of sugar in their formula ingested sodium at a concentration of 2000-2500 mEq/Liter (116-146 g of NaCl/liter).The 3g/kg of sodium chloride is lethal and smaller amounts have known to kill.Another author suggested thet the probable lethal dose for adult human ranges from 0.5 to 5.0 g/Kg..The visible edema occurs in the healthy adult man with 35-40 g of NaCl per day when consuming an ordinary diet.
Any other information on results incl. tables
None
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The probable lethal dose for adult ranges from 0.5 to 5.0 g/kg .The visible edema occurs in the healthy adult man with 35-40 g of NaCl per day.
- Executive summary:
This is a review article on the acute toxicity of sodium chloride.The study was done the general people and infant where NaCl was accidently used in place of sugar in preparing infant feeding formulas.deaths have also resulted from its use as an emetic where vomiting where vomiting did not occur.The use of hypertonic saline injuctions to induce abortion has also resulted in the death of the of some women. In addition, an excessively high concentration of sodium ions resulting from sodium bicarbonate therapy for salicylate poisoning or for excessive diarrhea and vomiting in infants has produced permanent brain damage and other pathologic effects . The major pathologic findings in deaths resulting from NaCl toxicity were subarachnoid hemorrhages and multiple small intracerebral hemorrhages, shrinkage of the convoluted tubular cells from the basement membrane of the kidneys, and diffuse reddening of the mucosa of the stomach and small intestine.
The author stated that 3 g/kg is regarded as lethal and that smaller amounts have been known to kill. The probable lethal dose for adult humans ranges from 0.5 to 5.0 g/kg. The visible edema occurs in the healthy adult man with 35-40 g of NaCI per day.
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