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EC number: 243-957-1 | CAS number: 20667-12-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: oral
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1989-06-23 to 1989-07-25
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- Guideline study. At the time of conduct, GLP was not compulsory. However, the study was conducted in accordance with the principles of GLP.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
- Report date:
- 1989
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Disilver oxide
- EC Number:
- 243-957-1
- EC Name:
- Disilver oxide
- Cas Number:
- 20667-12-3
- Molecular formula:
- Ag2O
- IUPAC Name:
- silver(1+) oxide
- Reference substance name:
- disilver(I)oxide
- IUPAC Name:
- disilver(I)oxide
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): silver(I) oxide
- Physical state: brown-grey powder
- Stability under test conditions: According to information from the sponsor, the test substance was stable throughout the experimental period.
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Wistar Bor: WISW (SPFTNO)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Winkelmann Versuchstierzucht GmbH & Co.KG, Borchen
- Age at study initiation: 7 - 8 weeks (males) and 9 - 10 weeks (females)
- Weight at study initiation: 132 - 189 g (males) and 138 - 167 g (females)
- Fasting period before study: 16 hours before treatment
- Housing: in Macrolon cages type II, individually housing
- Diet: ad libitum (standard diet, ssniff R, "Special Diet for Rats")
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 19.5 - 21
- Humidity (%): 50 - 65
- Photoperiod: 12 hours dark/light cycle
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- peanut oil
- Details on oral exposure:
- VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle: approx. 110, 162 and 237 mg/mL
MAXIMUM DOSE VOLUME APPLIED: 21.5 ml/kg - Doses:
- 2370 mg/kg body weight
3480 mg/kg body weight
5110 mg/kg body weight - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 15 males and 15 females divided in 3 dosing groups, 5 animals per dose
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing:
The animals were continuously observed for the first 4 to 8 hours after administration and then once daily. The nature of the toxicity as well as the onset, the intensity and the duration of the signs were recorded.
Mortality was checkt twice daily. Time of death and number of dead animals per dose were documented.
The body weights were recorded at the beginning and also 7 and 14 days after administration or after death of the animals on days 2 to 14.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes; at the end of the observation period the animals were sacrificed with CO2.
Gross necropsy: was performed on all animals deceased intercurrently or sacrificed at the end of the observation period. Macroscopic examination included external appearance, body orifices, body cavities and their contents.
Histopathology: Samples of spleen and stomach were fixed in a 4% neutral buffered formaldehyde solution (10% formalin). The preserved tissues were trimmed, embedded in paraffin wax, sectioned at approximately 4 µm, stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and examined microscopically. - Statistics:
- probit analysis
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 3 702 mg/kg bw
- 95% CL:
- 9.11
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 3 970 mg/kg bw
- 95% CL:
- 9.94
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 3 804 mg/kg bw
- 95% CL:
- 12.4
- Mortality:
- Deaths occurred 4 hours to 7 days after administration.
Mortality rates, males:
2370 mg/kg = 0%
3480 mg/kg = 20% (1 rat died on day 7 after exposure)
5110 mg/kg = 100% (2 animals died after 4 days and 6 days, respectively, and 1 rat died at day 5 after exposure)
Mortality rates, females:
2370 mg/kg = 0%
3480 mg/kg = 40% (1 rat died after 24 hours and another rats died on day 5 after exposure)
5110 mg/kg = 100% (2 animals died after 4 hours and 3 rats died after 2, 5 and 7 days after exposure, respectively) - Clinical signs:
- other: After administration of silver(I) oxide rats performed slight to severe hypokinesia, stilted gait, slight to moderate clonic convulsions, diarrhea, piloerection, sunken sides, cyanosis and strenuous respiration. In addition red nasal discharge and vocalis
- Gross pathology:
- At necropsy in deceased animals the forestomach was tightly filled, the glandular part was empty. The mucosa of glandular stomach and intestine was moderately to severly reddened. The small and large intestine contained yellow to black cloured mucous liquid. Additionally the spleen appeared small in two males. Sacrificed rats showed only thickening of the mucosa of the forestomach.
Microscopical examination revealed slight focal hyperkeratosis of the forestomach. In the glandular stomach focal submucosal edema, slight submucosal and mucosal mixed inflammatory cell infiltration and/or focal acute hemorrhages were found. The spleen exhibited slight to marked extramedullary hematopoiesis. In one intercurrently deceased male the spleen was markedly atrophic.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The acute oral median lethal dose (LD50) of the test material, silver(I) oxide, in the rat was found to be greater than 3804 mg/kg body weight. No symbol and risk phrase are required.
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