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EC number: 202-808-0 | CAS number: 99-99-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- other: no guideline followed, see test conditions
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Scenedesmus pannonicus
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Test temperature:
- 23 +/- 2 °C
- Details on test conditions:
- - ca. 1.5 * 10E+6 organisms (in 3-fold) per group
- 0.15 l Testvolume (per group)
- Lighting (13 W/m2)
- Culturing media (1 L bidest. containing 35 mg/L CaCl2*2H2O, 75 mg/L MgSO4*7H2O, 52 mg/L K2HPO4, 6 mg/l citric acid, 500 mg/L NaNO3, 54 mg/L Na2CO3*10H2O, 6 mg/L Ferricitrate, 330 mg/L NH4NO3, 1 ml (0.0006 g Na2MoO4*2H2O, 2.9 g H3BO3, 0.11 g ZnCl2, 0.08 g CuSO4*5H2O, 0.018 g (NH4)6Mo7O24) - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Executive summary:
OECD SIDS (2003):
In a toxicity test with the algae Scenedesmus pannonicus a 96 h-NOEC of 10 mg/l was observed for the endpoint biomass (nominal concentration) (Slooff and Canton, 1983).
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- secondary literature
- Remarks:
- Although it is stated that the cited result was obtained from Scenedesmus pannonicus, the literature cited contained data only on Scenedesmus quadricauda
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- other: Cell multiplication inhibition test according to Bringmann & Kuehn (1977)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in Bringmann (1978)): 4-Nitrotoluol
- Analytical purity (as given in Bringmann (1978)): no data - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Scenedesmus quadricauda
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 8 d
- Test temperature:
- 27 °C
- pH:
- 7.0
- Details on test conditions:
- Bringmann & Kuehn (1977):
- 100 ml test solution (neutralized) of certain dilutions of the test substance prepared in replicate
- Test solution contains nutrient medium (all media for test and culture are described in detail in the reference)
- Incubation of 10 ml aliquots in Kapsenberg-culture vials in artifical continuous light
- Cell multiplication measured turbidimetrically at 578 nm with an optical path length of 10 mm - Duration:
- 8 d
- Dose descriptor:
- other: TGK
- Effect conc.:
- 15 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Executive summary:
The cell growth inhibition test with the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda gave the following results (Bringmann and Kuehn, 1977): TTC (= EC3) 15 mg/L after 8 days.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Documentation is insufficient for assessment. It is unclear whether the algae are within the exponential growth throughout the whole exposure period of 8 days.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- other: cell multiplication inhibition test according to Bringmann (1975)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in publications): 4-Nitrotoluol
- Analytical purity: no data - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Microcystis aeruginosa
- Details on test organisms:
- - Source (laboratory, culture collection): Institute of Plant Physiology, University of Göttingen
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 8 d
- Test temperature:
- 27 °C
- pH:
- 7.0
- Details on test conditions:
- - relative humidity: 50%
- 100 ml test solution (neutralized) of certain dilutions of the test substance prepared in replicate
- Test solution contains nutrient medium (all media for test and culture are described in detail in the reference)
- Incubation of 10 ml aliquots in artifical continuous light
- Cell multiplication measured turbidimetrically at 578 nm with an optical path length of 10 mm - Duration:
- 8 d
- Dose descriptor:
- other: toxicity threshold (TT, EC3)
- Effect conc.:
- 3.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- TT (Toxicity Threshold) comparable to EC3
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- Documentation is insufficient for assessment. It is unclear whether the algae are within the exponential growth throughout the whole exposure period of 8 days.
- Executive summary:
For the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa in a cell growth inhibition test Bringmann (1975) reported a 8d-NOEC = 3.3 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Documentation is insufficient for assessment. It is unclear whether the algae are within the exponential growth throughout the whole exposure period of 8 days.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- other: Cell multiplication inhibition test according to Bringmann & Kuehn (1977)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in publications): 4-Nitrotoluol
- Analytical purity: no data - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Scenedesmus quadricauda
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 8 d
- Test temperature:
- 27 °C
- pH:
- 7.0
- Details on test conditions:
- - 100 ml test solution (neutralized) of certain dilutions of the test substance prepared in replicate
- Test solution contains nutrient medium (all media for test and culture are described in detail in the reference)
- Incubation of 10 ml aliquots in Kapsenberg-culture vials in artifical continuous light
- Cell multiplication measured turbidimetrically at 578 nm with an optical path length of 10 mm - Duration:
- 8 d
- Dose descriptor:
- other: Toxicity Threshold (TT, EC3)
- Effect conc.:
- 15 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- TT (Toxicity Threshold) comparable to EC3
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- It is unclear whether the algae are within the exponential growth throughout the whole exposure period of 8 days.
- Executive summary:
The cell growth inhibition test with the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda gave the following results (Bringmann and Kuehn, 1977): TTC (= EC3) 15 mg/L after 8 days.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- other: OECD SIDS
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- other: OECD SIDS
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: no reliability is given as this is a summary entry for the OECD SIDS
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- other: OECD SIDS
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- other: OECD SIDS
- Remarks on result:
- other: key results see 'executive summary'
- Executive summary:
OECD SIDS (2003):
Several studies on the toxicity of 4-nitrotoluene to algae were summarized in the assessment of the OECD SIDS (2003).
For the algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa a 96 h-EC50 on a decrease of 50 % in the maximum density (yield) is reported with a nominal concentration of 22.2 mg/l (Deneer et al., 1988; Deneer et al., 1989). The test was conducted according to the modified OECD Guideline 201. Studies according to OECD Guideline 201 (except for the shorter exposure duration) on Scenedesmus obliquus yielded a 48 h-EC50 for growth rate inhibition of ca. 25 mg/l (nominal value) (Liu and Lang, 1995; Liu and Lang, 2000; Zhao et al., 1997; Lu et al., 2001).
In a toxicity test with the algae Scenedesmus pannonicus a 96 h-NOEC of 10 mg/l was observed for the endpoint biomass (nominal concentration) (Slooff and Canton, 1983).
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- other: BUA report
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- other: BUA report
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: no reliability is given as this is a summary entry for the BUA report
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- other: BUA report
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- other: BUA report
- Remarks on result:
- other: key results see 'executive summary'
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Executive summary:
BUA report (1989):
The cell growth inhibition test with the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda gave the following results (Bringmann and Kuehn, 1977): TTC (= EC3) 15 mg/L after 8 days.
In a 96h-test with p-nitrotoluene Slooff & Canton (1983) found 10 mg/L to be the highest concentration without an inhibitory effect on the cell growth of the green alga Scenedesmus pannonicus.
Another study on the unicellular green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa determined the mononitrotoluene concentrations which lead to a 50% reduction of the cell multiplication rate, compared to that of the controls, after 96 hours (Deneer et al., 1988): EC50= 22.2 mg/L after 96 hours.
For the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa in a cell growth inhibition test Bringmann (1975) reported a 8d-NOEC = 3.3 mg/L. Slooff & Canton (1983) found no growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa by p-nitrotoluene at concentrations up to 3.2 mg/L in a 4-day test.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given
- Justification for type of information:
- Due to insufficient reporting of the experimental details, this study was rated with a Klimisch score of 4 (‘not assignable’). As none of the available studies can serve as a key study with a sufficiently detailed reporting justifying a Klimisch score of 1 or 2 for the given endpoint, several independent sources were used in a weight of evidence approach. ‘Using weight of evidence implies that no single study of sufficient quality and reliability exists, and that information from several independent sources is required to be able to reach a conclusion on a particular property of the substance.' (guidance document How to prepare registration and PPORD dossiers, p. 87)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- other: no guideline followed, see test conditions
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Chemicals were purchased from different commercial sources and were not repurified before testing.
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- - Stock solutions of chemicals were prepared in acetone
- Test organisms (species):
- other: other algae: Scenedesmus obliquus
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Test temperature:
- 24 +/- 1 °C
- Details on test conditions:
- - Algae were cultured in an unspecified growth medium
- The photoperiod was 12 hours under cool white fluorescent light of 4000 +/- 400 Lux, followed by 12 hours darkness
- 50 mL incubation solution in 100 ml sterile-closed flasks
- Initial algae density 10000 cells
- 5 different concentrations and controls, each 3 replicates
- Cell density determination after 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours, optical density after 96 hours at 650 nm - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Executive summary:
A test on the acute toxicity of 4-nitrotoluene to the alga Scenedesmus obliquus was performed. For a test period of 96 hours an EC50 value of ca. 25 mg/l was reported (Zhao, 1997).
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- documentation insufficient for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- Due to insufficient reporting of the experimental details, this study was rated with a Klimisch score of 4 (‘not assignable’). As none of the available studies can serve as a key study with a sufficiently detailed reporting justifying a Klimisch score of 1 or 2 for the given endpoint, several independent sources were used in a weight of evidence approach. ‘Using weight of evidence implies that no single study of sufficient quality and reliability exists, and that information from several independent sources is required to be able to reach a conclusion on a particular property of the substance.' (guidance document How to prepare registration and PPORD dossiers, p. 87)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- other: Method according to Altenburger (1990)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in publication): 4-Me-1-NO2
- purity > 97 % - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- other: other algae: Scenedesmus vacuolatus
- Details on test organisms:
- - Scenedesmus vacuolatus was formerly referred to as Chlorella fusca
- Synchronization of the cells was imposed prior to testing by a 14h-10h light-dark change and a periodic dilution to the standard cell density. - Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Test temperature:
- 28 °C +/- 0.5 °C
- pH:
- 6.7
- Details on test conditions:
- - standard, initial cell concentration was approx. 1E5 cells/mL
- photoautotrophic growth of the cells was performed in gastight test vessels - Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 17.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- Result in original reference given as logEC50 (mol/L)
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Executive summary:
A test on the acute toxicity of 4-nitrotoluene to the alga Scenedesmus vacuolatus was performed according to the method reported by Altenburger (1990). For a test period of 24 hours an EC50 value of 17.2 mg/l was reported (Schmitt, 2000).
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- documentation insufficient for assessment
- Remarks:
- Guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Justification for type of information:
- Due to insufficient reporting of the experimental details, this study was rated with a Klimisch score of 4 (‘not assignable’). As none of the available studies can serve as a key study with a sufficiently detailed reporting justifying a Klimisch score of 1 or 2 for the given endpoint, several independent sources were used in a weight of evidence approach. ‘Using weight of evidence implies that no single study of sufficient quality and reliability exists, and that information from several independent sources is required to be able to reach a conclusion on a particular property of the substance.' (guidance document How to prepare registration and PPORD dossiers, p. 87)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- : slight modifications according to van Leeuwen et al. (1985)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 4-nitrotoluene
- purity: > 98 % - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Chlorella pyrenoidosa
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- CaCO3: 90 mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 1 °C
- pH:
- 8.7 +/- 0.2
- Details on test conditions:
- - initial cell density of approximately 10^8 cells/L
- 100 mL were added to 200 mL Erlenmeyer flasks,
which were stoppered with a cotton plug and
placed on a mechanical shaker under fluorescent light (7.5 Wm^-2)
- cells were counted in a model ZBI Coulter Counter, using a 70 µm aperture
- tests were carried out in triplicate - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 15-31
- Details on results:
- The 96h-EC50 values for effects on the yield of C. pyrenoidosa populations were calculated according to Kooyman et al.(1981).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Executive summary:
The toxicity of 4-nitrotoluene towards the algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa was tested according to the OECD Guideline 201 with slight modifications according to van Leeuwen et al. (1985). The EC50 (96 h) for growth inhibition was determined to be 22 mg/L (Maas-Diepeveen et al., 1986).
Referenceopen allclose all
OECD SIDS (2003):
Several studies on the toxicity of 4-nitrotoluene to algae were summarized in the assessment of the OECD SIDS (2003).
For the algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa a 96 h-EC50 on a decrease of 50 % in the maximum density (yield) is reported with a nominal concentration of 22.2 mg/l (Deneer et al., 1988; Deneer et al., 1989). The test was conducted according to the modified OECD Guideline 201. Studies according to OECD Guideline 201 (except for the shorter exposure duration) on Scenedesmus obliquus yielded a 48 h-EC50 for growth rate inhibition of ca. 25 mg/l (nominal value) (Liu and Lang, 1995; Liu and Lang, 2000; Zhao et al., 1997; Lu et al., 2001).
In a toxicity test with the algae Scenedesmus pannonicus a 96 h-NOEC of 10 mg/l was observed for the endpoint biomass (nominal concentration) (Slooff and Canton, 1983).
BUA report (1989):
The cell growth inhibition test with the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda gave the following results (Bringmann and Kuehn, 1977): TTC (= EC3) 15 mg/L after 8 days.
In a 96h-test with p-nitrotoluene Slooff & Canton (1983) found 10 mg/L to be the highest concentration without an inhibitory effect on the cell growth of the green alga Scenedesmus pannonicus.
Another study on the unicellular green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa determined the mononitrotoluene concentrations which lead to a 50% reduction of the cell multiplication rate, compared to that of the controls, after 96 hours (Deneer et al., 1988): EC50= 22.2 mg/L after 96 hours.
For the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa in a cell growth inhibition test Bringmann (1975) reported a 8d-NOEC = 3.3 mg/L. Slooff & Canton (1983) found no growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa by p-nitrotoluene at concentrations up to 3.2 mg/L in a 4-day test.
Description of key information
In order to fulfill the data requirements a weight of evidence (WoE) approach (REACh Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006, Annex XI Section 1.2) was chosen. This approach is a possible adaptation to the standard information requirements which ‘should be undertaken to maximise the use of existing data and minimise the commissioning of new in vivo testing’ (ECHA Guidance R.7a, 2017, p. 364). The WoE approach serves to reduce or avoid animal testing, which should only be performed as last resort (REACh, article 25). The individual study reports were conducted in accordance with standardized guidelines. The study reports nevertheless show some deficiencies with respect to the comprehensiveness of the presented experimental details. Therefore, a reliability of 1 or 2 and thus adequacy as key study was not assignable for any of the individual studies. Consequently, the studies were assigned a Klimisch score of 4 (according to guidance document R.4, ‘not assignable: studies or data […] which do not give sufficient experimental details […]). Collectively, these experimental studies can be used to conclude on this endpoint and to satisfy the information requirement.
Weight of evidence
The toxicity of 4-nitrotoluene towards the algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa was tested according to the OECD Guideline 201 with slight modifications according to van Leeuwen et al. (1985). The EC50 (96 h) for growth inhibition was determined to be 22 mg/L (Maas-Diepeveen et al., 1986).
OECD SIDS (2003):
Several studies on the toxicity of 4-nitrotoluene to algae were summarized in the assessment of the OECD SIDS (2003).
For the algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa a 96 h-EC50 on a decrease of 50 % in the maximum density (yield) is reported with a nominal concentration of 22.2 mg/l (Deneer et al., 1988; Deneer et al., 1989). The test was conducted according to the modified OECD Guideline 201. Studies according to OECD Guideline 201 (except for the shorter exposure duration) on Scenedesmus obliquus yielded a 48 h-EC50 for growth rate inhibition of ca. 25 mg/l (nominal value) (Liu and Lang, 1995; Liu and Lang, 2000; Zhao et al., 1997; Lu et al., 2001).
In a toxicity test with the algae Scenedesmus pannonicus a 96 h-NOEC of 10 mg/l was observed for the endpoint biomass (nominal concentration) (Slooff and Canton, 1983).
BUA report (1989):
The cell growth inhibition test with the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda gave the following results (Bringmann and Kuehn, 1977): TTC (= EC3) 15 mg/L after 8 days.
In a 96h-test with p-nitrotoluene Slooff & Canton (1983) found 10 mg/L to be the highest concentration without an inhibitory effect on the cell growth of the green alga Scenedesmus pannonicus.
Another study on the unicellular green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa determined the mononitrotoluene concentrations which lead to a 50% reduction of the cell multiplication rate, compared to that of the controls, after 96 hours (Deneer et al., 1988): EC50= 22.2 mg/L after 96 hours.
For the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa in a cell growth inhibition test Bringmann (1975) reported a 8d-NOEC = 3.3 mg/L. Slooff & Canton (1983) found no growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa by p-nitrotoluene at concentrations up to 3.2 mg/L in a 4-day test.
A test on the acute toxicity of 4-nitrotoluene to the alga Scenedesmus vacuolatus was performed according to the method reported by Altenburger (1990). For a test period of 24 hours an EC50 value of 17.2 mg/l was reported (Schmitt, 2000).
A test on the acute toxicity of 4-nitrotoluene to the alga Scenedesmus obliquus was performed. For a test period of 96 hours an EC50 value of ca. 25 mg/l was reported (Zhao, 1997).
Conclusion
The EC50 and NOEC values obtained from these studies are in the same order of magnitude.
96h-EC50: 22.2 mg/l - 25 mg/L
96h-NOEC: 10 mg/L
The most conservative 96h-LC50 of 22.2 mg/l (Deneer et al., 1988; Deneer et al., 1989) and 96h-NOEC value of 10 mg/L (Slooff & Canton, 1983) is chosen as key value for assessment.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 22.2 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 10 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.