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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 700-351-6 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 28 October 2008 - 08 November 2008
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study; well documented study report
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 009
- Report date:
- 2009
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Test material form:
- solid
- Details on test material:
- - Appearance/physical state: Black lumps
- Storage conditions: Room temperature in the dark
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Remarks:
- albino; SPF-quality
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan France SARL, Gannat, France
- Animals used within the study were at least 6 weeks old and body weights were at least 1.0 kg
- Identification: Earmark
- Health inspection: A health inspection was performed prior to commencement of treatment to ensure that the animals were in a good state of health. Special attention was paid to the skin to be treated, which was intact and free from abnormalities.
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
- Animals were housed in a controlled environment in which optimal conditions were considered to be approximately 15 air changes per hour, a temperature of 21.0 ± 3.0 °C (acutal range 22.2 to 23.2 °C), a relative humidity of 30 to 70 % (actual range 32 to 64 %) and 12 hours artificial fluorescent light and 12 hours darkness per day.
ACCOMODATION
- Animals were individually housed in labelled cages with perforated floors (Ebeco, Germany) dimensions 67 x 62 x 55 cm and shelters (Ebeco, Germany) dimensions 40 x 32 x 23 cm.
- Acclimatisation period was at least 5 days before start of treatment under laboratory conditions.
DIET
- Pelleted diet for rabbits (Global Diet 2030 (irradiated) Mucedola srl, Sellimo Milanese, Italy, supplied by Harlan Netherlands B.V., Horst, The Netherlands approximately 100 g per day plus hay (TecniLab-BMI BV, Someren, The Netherlands) provided at least three times per week.
WATER
- Free access to tap water.
ANALYSIS
- Results of analysis for each batch of diet (nutrients and contaminants), hay and water were assessed and did not reveal any findings that were considered to have affected the integrity of the study.
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Preparation of test site:
- clipped
- Vehicle:
- water
- Controls:
- other: Adjacent areas of the untreated skin of each animal served as controls
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Test substance was ground to a powder using a pestle and mortar prior to weighing and the test substance was moistened with water (Elix, Millipore S.A.S, Molsheim, France) immediately before application to ensure close contact with the animal's skin.
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 grams of test substance - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours
- Observation period:
- 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Number of animals:
- 3 males
- Details on study design:
- STUDY DESIGN
- An in vitro study was considered but a negative result was anticipated and this would need to have been confirmed by an in vivo study.
- The study was performed in a stepwise manner and was started by treatment of a single rabbit (sentinel).
- The two other animals were treated in a similar manner one wek later after considering the degree of skin irritation observed in the first animal.
- No histopathology was performed.
TREATMENT
- Approximately 24 hours before treatment, the dorsal fur was clipped with electric clippers exposing an area of approximately 10 x 15 cm (150 cm2).
- To facilitate scoring, treated skin areas were re-clipped at least 3 hours before the observations.
- The test substance (0.5 g) was moistened with 0.8 mL of the vehicle and applied to the skin of one flank, using a metalline patch of 2 x3 cm.
- The patch was mounted on a Micropore tape, which was wrapped around the abdomen and secured with Coban elastic bandage.
- Four hours after the application, the dressing was removed and the skin cleansed of residual test substance using tap water and watery ethanol (50% v/v).
OBSERVATIONS
- Mortality/viability: Twice daily
- Toxicity: At least once daily
- Body weight: Day of treatment (prior to application) and at termination
- Irritation: The eyes of each animal were examined at approximately 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours after removal of the dressings. Irritation scores according to the attached scheme were recorded together with a description of other (local effects).
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Remarks:
- mean score
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Animal 966
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Remarks:
- mean score
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Animal 26
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Remarks:
- mean score
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Animal 28
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Remarks:
- mean score
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Animal 966
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Remarks:
- mean score
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Animal 26
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Remarks:
- mean score
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Animal 28
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- - Individual skin irritation scores are presented in Table 1 (attached).
- No skin irritation was caused by exposure to the test item for four hours.
- There was no evidence of a corrosive effect on the skin. - Other effects:
- - Grey/brown staining of the treated skin by the test substance was observed on Day 1 which did not hamper the scoring of the skin reactions. No remnants of the test substance were present on the skin.
- No symptoms of systemic toxicity were observed in the animals during the test period and no mortality occurred.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not irritating
- Conclusions:
- The test item was considered to be non-irritating based on a primary irritation index of zero.
- Executive summary:
GUIDELINE
The study was conducted in accordance with OECD No 404 (2002) "Acute Dermal Irritation/Corrosion", EU No Method B.4 (2008) "Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation/Corrosion", EPA OPPTS 870.2500 (1998) "Acute Dermal Irritation" and JMAFF guidelines (2000) including the most recent revisions.
METHODS
Three rabbits were exposed to test item (0.5 g) moistened with water by application onto clipped skin for 4 hours using a semi-occlusive dressing. Approximately 24 hours before treatment, the dorsal fur was clipped with electric clippers exposing an area of approximately 10 x 15 cm (150 cm2). To facilitate scoring, treated skin areas were re-clipped at least 3 hours before the observations. The test substance (0.5 g) was moistened with 0.8 mL of the vehicle and applied to the skin of one flank, using a metalline patch of 2 x3 cm. The patch was mounted on a Micropore tape, which was wrapped around the abdomen and secured with Coban elastic bandage. Four hours after the application, the dressing was removed and the skin cleansed of residual test substance using tap water and watery ethanol (50% v/v).
RESULTS
No skin irritation was caused by exposure to the test item for four hours. Grey/brown staining of the treated skin by the test substance was observed on Day 1, which did not hamper the scoring of skin reactions. No remnants of the test substance were present on the skin.
CONCLUSION
The test item was considered to be non-irritating based on a primary irritation index of zero.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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