2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-, 2-ethylhexyl ester

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

The acute oral LD50 of the surrogate material, undecenyl methoxycrylene, was >2000 mg/kg bw.  The acute dermal LD50 or the surrogate material, undecenyl methoxycrylene, was > 2000 mg/kg bw.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Acute toxicity: via oral route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

The study was performed between 27 October 2009 and 02 December 2009.

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study conducted in accordance with generally accepted scientific principles, possibly with incomplete or methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of relevant results.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 420 (Acute Oral Toxicity - Fixed Dose Method)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

Date of inspection 15th September 2009 Date of signature 26th November 2009

Test type:

fixed dose procedure

Limit test:

yes

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source:
Harlan Laboratories UK Limited, Bicester, Oxon, UK

- Age at study initiation:
At the start of the study the animals were eight to twelve weeks of age.

- Weight at study initiation:

- Fasting period before study:
An overnight fast immediately before dosing and for approximately three to four hours after dosing.

- Housing:
The animals were housed in groups of up to four in suspended solid floor polypropylene cages furnished with woodflakes.

- Diet (e.g. ad libitum):
Free access to food (2014 Teklad Global Rodent diet supplied by Harlan Teklad, Blackthorn, Bicester, Oxon, UK).

- Water (e.g. ad libitum):
Free access to mains drinking water.

- Acclimation period:
Acclimatisation period of at least five days.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C):
19 to 25°C

- Humidity (%):
30 to 70%

- Air changes (per hr):
The rate of air exchange was at least fifteen changes per hour.

- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):
Lighting was controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours continuous light (06:00 to 18:00) and twelve hours darkness.

IN-LIFE DATES: From: Day one To: Day fourteen

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

arachis oil

Details on oral exposure:

VEHICLE
For the purpose of the study the test material was freshly prepared, as required, as a solution in arachis oil BP

- Justification for choice of vehicle:
Arachis oil BP was used because the test material did not dissolve/suspend in distilled water.


MAXIMUM DOSE VOLUME APPLIED:
10 ml/kg.
The volume administered to each animal was calculated according to the fasted bodyweight at the time of dosing. Treatment of animals was sequential. Sufficient time was allowed between each dose level to confirm the survival of the previously dosed animals.

Doses:

In the absence of data regarding the toxicity of the test material, 300 mg/kg was chosen as the starting dose.
In the absence of toxicity at a dose level of 300 mg/kg, a dose level of 2000 mg/kg was chosen.

No. of animals per sex per dose:

One animal was treated at a dose level of 300 mg/kg.
A total of five animals were treated at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg in the study.

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration:
Clinical observations were made ½, 1, 2, and 4 hours after dosing and then daily for fourteen days. Morbidity and mortality checks were made twice daily.

- Frequency of observations and weighing:
Individual bodyweights were recorded on Day 0 (the day of dosing) and on Days 7 and 14.

- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
At the end of the observation period the animals were killed by cervical dislocation. All animals were subjected to gross necropsy. This consisted of an external examination and opening of the abdominal and thoracic cavities. The appearance of any macroscopic abnormalities was recorded. No tissues were retained.

Statistics:

Not applicable.

Preliminary study:

Dose Level - 300 mg/kg
Individual clinical observations and mortality data are given in Table 1.

Mortality
There was no mortality.

Clinical Observations
No signs of systemic toxicity were noted during the observation period.

Bodyweight
Individual bodyweights and bodyweight changes are given in Table 2.
The animal showed expected gains in bodyweight over the observation period.

Necropsy
Necropsy findings are given in Table 3.
No abnormalities were noted at necropsy.

Sex:

female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 2 000 mg/kg bw

Mortality:

There was no mortality.
Mortality data are given in Table 4.

Clinical signs:

other: No signs of systemic toxicity were noted during the observation period. Individual clinical observations data are given in Table 4.

Gross pathology:

Individual necropsy findings are given in Table 6.
No abnormalities were noted at necropsy.

Other findings:

Not applicable.

Table1              Individual Clinical Observations and Mortality Data -300mg/kg

Dose Level mg/kg		Animal Number and Sex		Effects Noted After Dosing (Hours)					Effects Noted During Period After Dosing (Days)
			½		1		2		4		1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10		11		12		13		14
300		1-0 Female		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0

Table2              Individual Bodyweights and Bodyweight Changes -300mg/kg

Dose Level mg/kg		Animal Number and Sex		Bodyweight (g) at Day				Bodyweight Gain (g) During Week
			0		7		14		1		2
300		1-0 Female		210		230		238		20		8

Table3              Necropsy Findings -300 mg/kg

Dose Level mg/kg		Animal Number and Sex		Time of Death		Macroscopic Observations
300		1-0 Female		Killed Day 14		No abnormalities detected

Table4              Individual Clinical Observations and Mortality Data -2000mg/kg

Dose Level mg/kg	Animal Number and Sex	Effects Noted After Dosing (Hours)				Effects Noted During Period After Dosing (Days)
		½	1	2	4	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
2000	2-0 Female	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	3-0 Female	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	3-1 Female	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	3-2 Female	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	3-3 Female	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Table5              Individual Bodyweights and Bodyweight Changes-2000mg/kg

Dose Level mg/kg	Animal Number and Sex	Bodyweight (g) at Day			Bodyweight Gain (g) During Week
		0	7	14	1	2
2000	2-0 Female	188	199	210	11	11
	3-0 Female	177	183	193	6	10
	3-1 Female	194	205	210	11	5
	3-2 Female	185	191	195	6	4
	3-3 Female	176	200	204	24	4

Table6              Individual Necropsy Findings-2000mg/kg

Dose Level mg/kg	Animal Number and Sex	Time of Death	Macroscopic Observations
2000	2-0 Female	Killed Day 14	No abnormalities detected
	3-0 Female	Killed Day 14	No abnormalities detected
	3-1 Female	Killed Day 14	No abnormalities detected
	3-2 Female	Killed Day 14	No abnormalities detected
	3-3 Female	Killed Day 14	No abnormalities detected

0= No signs of systemic toxicity

0= No signs of systemic toxicity

Interpretation of results:

not classified

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

The acute oral median lethal dose (LD50) of the test material in the female Wistar strain rat was estimated to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bodyweight (Globally Harmonised Classification System - Unclassified).

Executive summary:

Introduction. 

The study was performed to assess the acute oral toxicity of the test material in the Wistar strain rat. The method was designed to meet the requirements of the following:

§        OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals No 420 “Acute Oral Toxicity - Fixed Dose Method” (2001)

§        Method B1bisAcute Toxicity (Oral) of CommissionRegulation (EC) No. 440/2008

Method. 

Following a sighting test at dose levels of300 mg/kg and2000 mg/kg, a further group of four fasted females was given a single oral dose of test material, as asolutioninarachis oil BP, at a dose level of2000 mg/kg bodyweight. Clinical signs and bodyweight development were monitored during the study. All animals were subjected to gross necropsy.

Mortality. 

There were no deaths.

Clinical Observations. 

There were no signs of systemic toxicity.

Bodyweight. 

All animals showed expected gains in bodyweight.

Necropsy. 

No abnormalities were noted at necropsy.

Conclusion. 

The acute oral median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of the test material in the female Wistar strain rat was estimated to be greater than2000mg/kg bodyweight (Globally Harmonised Classification System-Unclassified).

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Value:

2 000 mg/kg bw

Acute toxicity: via inhalation route

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Acute toxicity: via dermal route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

28 April 2010 to 12 May 2010

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study conducted in accordance with generally accepted scientific principles, possibly with incomplete or methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of relevant results.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.3 (Acute Toxicity (Dermal))

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

yes

Species:

rat

Strain:

other: Wistar (HsdRccHan:WIST)

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan Laboratories UK Limited, Bicester, Oxon, UK

- Age at study initiation: At the start of the study the animals were eight to twelve weeks of age.

- Weight at study initiation: at least 200 g

- Fasting period before study: None

- Housing: Suspended solid-floor polypropylene cages furnished with woodflakes. Housed individually during the 24-hour exposure period and in groups of five, by sex, during the remainder of the study.

- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to food (2014 Teklad Global Rodent diet supplied by Harlan Teklad, Blackthorn, Bicester, Oxon, UK).

- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to mains drinking water.

- Acclimation period: Acclimatisation period of at least five days.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 19 to 25°C

- Humidity (%): 30 to 70%

- Air changes (per hr): The rate of air exchange was at least fifteen changes per hour.

- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): Lighting was controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours continuous light (06:00 to 18:00) and twelve hours darkness.

IN-LIFE DATES: 28 April 2010 to 12 May 2010

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on dermal exposure:

Test material, as received, was applied to an area of shaved skin representing approximately 10% of the total body surface area.

Surgical gauze was placed over the treatment area and semi-occluded with a piece of self-adhesive bandage. Animals were caged individually for the 24-hour exposure perios. Following the exposure period, bandages were carefully removed and surrounding hair wiped with cotton wool moistened with distilled water to remove residual test material.

Duration of exposure:

14 days

Doses:

2000 mg/kg bw

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: observed for death and overt toxicity; 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours and daily up to fourteen days. Individual animal body weights were obtained on Day 0 and on Days 7 and 14.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes

At the end of the study, animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. All animals were subject to gross necropsy consisting of an external examination and opening of the abdominal and thoracic cavities. The appearance of any macroscopic abnormalities was recorded. No tissues were retained.

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 2 000 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Mortality:

There was no mortality

Clinical signs:

other: There were no signs of systemic toxicity

Gross pathology:

There were no abnormalities seen at necropsy.

Other findings:

There were no signs of dermal irritation. All individual values corresponding to 0.

Interpretation of results:

not classified

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

The acute dermal median lethal dose (LD50) of the test material in the Wistar strain rat was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bodyweight.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Value:

2 000 mg/kg bw

Additional information

Oral toxicity

The acute oral toxicity of the surrogate material, undecenyl methoxycrylene, was determined in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Administration by gavage in arachis oil at a limit dose of 2000 mg/kg bw produced no mortality. No signs of systemic toxicity were noted during the study. All animals showed expected gains in bodyweight. No abnormalities were noted at necropsy. The oral LD50 was reported as >2000 mg/kg bw.

Dermal toxicity

The acute dermal toxicity of the surrogate material, undecenyl methoxycrylene, was determined in male and female Wistar rats. Administration for 24 hours of the test material (unchanged) was performed under semiocclusive wrap. There was no mortality in this study. There were no signs of dermal irritation and no abnormalities were seen at necropsy. Two (of five) females showed no gain in bodyweight or a bodyweight loss during the firest week of the observation period. One female showed expected weight gains during the first week but bodyweight loss during the second week of observation. The acute dermal LD50 was reported as >2000 mg/kg bw.

Inhalation toxicity

This requirement is waived based on the low vapor pressure of the subject material, which precludes significant exposure by this route.

Justification for selection of acute toxicity – oral endpoint
A close structurally analogue has been used to conduct this study as, the substance EHMC is used as a cosmetic ingredient, please see our read across proposal in section 13. The study conducted on UMC is an OECD guidline study which has been conducted to GLP, this would normally be considered a reliability 1 study however as read across has been used it has been downgraded to a reliability of 2 according to the klimisch scale.

Justification for selection of acute toxicity – dermal endpoint
A close structurally analogue has been used to conduct this study, as the substance EHMC is used as a cosmetic ingredient, please see our read across proposal in section 13. The study conducted on UMC is an OECD guidline study which has been conducted to GLP, this would normally be considered a reliability 1 study however as read across has been used it has been downgraded to a reliability of 2 according to the klimisch scale.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the acute toxicity of a surrogate material, the subject chemical would not be rated for acute oral toxicity under either the EU Directive 67/548/EEC or under the EU CLP (Regulation (EC) 1272/2008).

Based on the acute toxicity of a surrogate material, the subject chemical would not be rated for acute dermal toxicity under either the EU Directive 67/548/EEC or under the EU CLP (Regulation (EC) 1272/2008).