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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 203-767-1 | CAS number: 110-43-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 394.25 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 6
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1 516 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 6
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 54.27 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 24
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
Workers
The oral route was not considered As the acute dermal toxicity of MAK was > 2 g/kg BW, the acute dermal route was not calculated.
Acute Inhalation
A 10-month repeat dose inhalation study gave a NOEC of 1025 ppm (4750 mg/m3, the highest dose tested). The NOEC was converted from the 6 hour exposure time in the study to a 15 minute STEL (short-term exposure limit) using Haber’s law. The corrected value was further adjusted for light work (from 6.7 M3to 10 m3per 8 hours). ECETOC assessment factors of 3 for intraspecies and 2 for subchronic to chronic were applied.
- Converting ppm to mg/m3= (FW*ppm)/24.45 = (114.19*1025)/24.45 = 4750 mg/m3
- Converting to a 15 minute STEL with Habers law = cube root of ((4787 mg/m3)3 *6 hr)/0.25hr = 13701 mg/m3
- Converting for light work = 13808mg/m3* (0.67) = 9097 mg/m3
- Application of adjustment factors – 9251.3 mg/m3/6 =1516 mg/m3
Long-term inhalation
A 10-month repeat dose inhalation study gave an NOEC of 1025 ppm (4787 mg/m3, the highest dose tested). The NOEC was converted from the 6 hour daily exposure to an 8 hour per day exposure (0.75), and was then adjusted for respiration for light work (0.67). ECETOC assessment factors were applied, which consisted of subchronic to chronic studies (2) and for intraspecies (3) for a total of 6.
- Converting ppm to mg/m3= (FW*ppm)/24.45 = (114.19*1025)/24.45 = 4750 mg/m3
- Converting for 6 hour exposure to 8 hour day and light work= 4750 mg/m3* (0.75) *(0.67) = 2365.50 mg/m3
- Application of adjustment factors – 2405.4 mg/m3/6 =394.25 mg/m3
Long-term dermal
The dermal DNEL was found by correcting the inhalation DNEL for route and allometric scaling and removing light work.
- Correct for inhalation to dermal = inhalation DNEL * sRV (0.38 m3/kg/ 8 hr) = 394.25 * 0.38 = 149.81 mg/kg bw/day
- Application of additional adjustment factor of 4 for rat/human allometric scaling = 50.7/4 = 54.27 mg/kg BW/ day
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 84.31 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 10
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
- DNEL extrapolated from long term DNEL
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 23.32 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 40
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 23.32 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 40
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
General population
Acute inhalation
A 10-month repeat dose inhalation study gave a NOEC of 1025 ppm (4750 mg/m3, the highest dose tested). The NOEC was converted from the 6 hour exposure time in the study to a 15 minute STEL (short-term exposure limit) using Haber’s law. ECETOC assessment factors of 5 for intraspecies and 2 for subchronic to chronic were applied.
- Converting ppm to mg/m3= (FW*ppm)/24.45 = (114.19*1025)/24.45 = 4750 mg/m3
- Converting to a 15 minute STEL with Habers law = cube root of ((4787 mg/m3)3 *6 hr)/0.25hr = 13701 mg/m3
- Application of adjustment factors – 13701 mg/m3/10 =1370.1 mg/m3
Long-term inhalation
A 10-month repeat dose inhalation study gave an NOEC of 1025 ppm (4787 mg/m3, the highest dose tested). The NOEC was converted from the 6 hour daily exposure to 24 hours per day (.25) and from 5 days/week to 7 days per week (.71). ECETOC assessment factors were applied, which consisted of subchronic to chronic studies (2) and for intraspecies (5) for a total of 10.
- Converting ppm to mg/m3= (FW*ppm)/24.45 = (114.19*1025)/24.45 = 4750 mg/m3
- Converting from 6 to 24 hours day = 4750* 0.25 = 1187.5 mg/m3
Converting from 5 to 7 days per week exposure – 1187.5 * 0.71 = 843.13 mg/m3
- Application of adjustment factors – 843.13/10 =84.3 mg/m3
Long term dermal
The dermal DNEL was found by correcting the inhalation DNEL for route and allometric scaling and removing light work.
- Correct for inhalation to dermal = inhalation DNEL * sRV (1.15 m3/kg/ 8 hr) = 84.3 * 1.15 = 96.9 mg/kg bw/day
- Application of additional adjustment factor of 4 for rat/human allometric scaling = 45.7/4 = 23.32 mg/kg BW/ day
Long term oral
The oral DNEL was found by correcting the inhalation DNEL for route and allometric scaling and removing light work.
- Correct for inhalation to dermal = inhalation DNEL * sRV (1.15 m3/kg/ 8 hr) = 84.3 * 1.15 = 96.9 mg/kg bw/day
- Application of additional adjustment factor of 4 for rat/human allometric scaling = 45.7/4 = 23.32 mg/kg BW/ day
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