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EC number: 212-832-3 | CAS number: 872-85-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 31 May - 03 June 1983
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP - guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 983
- Report date:
- 1983
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Isonicotinaldehyde
- EC Number:
- 212-832-3
- EC Name:
- Isonicotinaldehyde
- Cas Number:
- 872-85-5
- Molecular formula:
- C6H5NO
- IUPAC Name:
- pyridine-4-carbaldehyde
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Pyridin-4-aldehyd
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: minimum 98% (GC)
- Purity test date : no data
- Lot/batch No.: 05394
- Stability under test conditions: stable
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Kleintierfarm Madoerin AG , 4414 Fuellinsdorf , Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: 12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 2,4 - 2,8 kg
- Housing: The animals were caged individually in stainless steel cages , with automatic drinking water supply and cleaning system
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): rabbit maintenance diet (standard Kliba 341 (Klingentalmühle AG , 4303 Kaiseraugst , Switzerland) , ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water , ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 4 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 +-2
- Humidity (%): 55 +-10
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: the untreated eye served as control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0,1 ml/rabbit - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- single application, duration not specified
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 72 h
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3 (1 male / 2 females)
- Details on study design:
- Route of administration :
Single , into the conjunctival sac of the rabbit eye
Dose application :
The test substance was placed into the conjunctival sac of the left eye of each animal after retracting the lower lids from the eye ball . The eyelids were then gently held closed for about one second in order to prevent loss of the test substance . The right eye was untreated and served as control .
The eyes were examined and the grade of ocular reactions recorded at 1 , 24 , 48 and 72 hours after treatment .
In addition , the coloration of the sclera/cornea was recorded in connection with the colour of the test substance .
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): the eye was not washed after treatment
SCORING SYSTEM: Draize scoring system
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: slit lamp 30 SL (C. Zeiss AG , Zuerich/Switzerland) and Varta Cliptrix diagnostic-lamp (A. Riegger , Basel/Switzerland)
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 2.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 3.75
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 1.25
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 1.25
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 2.25
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 2.25
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 3.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 3.25
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: mean over 1,24,48 and 72 h
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
Individual findings after application :
Animal 1 | Animal 2 | Animal 3 | ||||||||||
Cornea | Iris | Conjunctivae | Cornea | Iris | Conjunctivae | Cornea | Iris | Conjunctivae | ||||
after 1h | opaque,whitish,whole iris hardly visible | no reaction | swollen,severe,with eye half closed,redened,severe,lachrymation,severe | opaque,whitish,whole iris hardly visible | sluggish reaction | swollen,severe,lid erosion,with eye half closed,redness,moderate,lachrymation,severe | opaque,whitish,whole,iris not visible | sluggish reaction | swollen,severe,lid erosion,with eye half closed,redness,moderate,lachrymation,severe | |||
after 24h | opaque,diffuse,iris partly clear visible | swollen,severe,lid erosion,with eye half closed,redened,moderate,with dark-red areas,lachrymation severe | opaque,diffuse,iris hardly visible | swollen,with lids half closed,redness,moderate,with dark-red areas,lachrymation severe | opaque,diffuse,iris not visible | sluggish reaction | swollen,severe,severe lid erosion,with eye half closed,redness,moderate,with dark-red areas,lachrymation severe | |||||
after 48h | opaque,whole,diffuse | reddened | swollen,lid erosion,with eye half closed,reddened with dark-red areas,including nictitating membrane,lachrymation severe | opaque,more than after 24 hours,whitish | sluggish reaction,reddened | swollen,with lids half closed,redness,moderate,with dark-red areas,lachrymation severe | opaque,diffuse,iris not visible | sluggish reaction | swollen,severe,severe lid erosion,with eye half closed,redness,moderate,with dark-red areas,lachrymation severe | |||
after 72h | opaque,diffuse,iris partially clear visible | reddened | swollen,moderate,slight lid erosion,redness,moderate,with dark-red areas,lachrymation severe | opaque,severe,iris not visible | swollen,with lids half closed,redness,moderate,with dark-red areas,lachrymation severe | opaque,severe,whole | no reaction | swollen,severe,severe lid erosion,with eye half closed,moderate redness with dark-red areas,severe lachrymation |
Eye irritation scores :
Animal | Cornea Opacity | Iris | Conjunctivae Redness | Conjunctivae Chemosis | Cumulative scores | |
1 | after 1 h | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 13 |
2 | after 1 h | 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 11 |
3 | after 1 h | 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 11 |
1 | after 24 h | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
2 | after 24 h | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 9 |
3 | after 24 h | 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 11 |
1 | after 48 h | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 9 |
2 | after 48 h | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 10 |
3 | after 48 h | 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 11 |
1 | after 72 h | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
2 | after 72 h | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 11 |
3 | after 72 h | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 13 |
Primary eye irritation scores :
Selected Observations | Means Scores |
after 1 h | 11,7 |
after 24 h | 9,3 |
after 48 h | 10,0 |
after 72 h | 10,3 |
Primary irritation score : 10,3
Maximum cumulative score : 13
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category II
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The study was performed according to the OECD TG405 without deviations and according to the good laboratory practice principles, it is considered to be of highest quality (reliability Klimisch 1). The criteria of validity of the test system are fulfilled. The test material was found to cause a severe irritation when applied to the rabbit eye mucosa.
- Executive summary:
The test substance Pyridine-4-aldehyde was investigated for its potential to cause irritation in the rabbit eye according to OECD TG405. 0.1 ml of pure substance was instilled into the conjunctival sac, the untreated eye served as control. Under the conditions of this experiment Pyridine-4-aldehyde was found to cause a severe irritation when applied to the rabbit eye mucosa. A corrosion was observed at each of the measuring intervals in all rabbits. No discoloration of the cornea and conjunctivae which could be related to effects of the test material was observed. The primary irritation index was found to be for the unrinsed eye : 10.3 .
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