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EC number: 418-420-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Test vessels were observed for immobile D. magna at 24 and 48 h after test initiation. D. magna were recorded as immobile if no movement was observed within 15 seconds following gentle agitation if the test vessel and after gently touching with a glass rod.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The definitive test was conducted with dilutions prepared from a saturated solution of TBE, producing test concetrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 % saturation.The saturated solution was prepared by adding TBE (100.02 mg) to Elendt M4 medium (1 L) and ultrasonicating for 60 mins. An aliquot (ca. 950 mL) of the saturated solution was siphoned from the flask, taking care to exclude undissolved test item, for use as the 100 % saturated solution. The remaining solution was serially diluted (1:2 v/v) with Elendt M4 medium to produce the required test concentrations. The control contained Elendt M4 medium only.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- D. magna (water flea) were used for this study. They were bred within the laboratory by acyclical parthenogenesis and the neonates used were < 24 h old at test initiation.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- Elendt M4 media was measured prior to test initiation.299 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- Min/ max temperature recorded at test initiation, 24 and 48 h.Range: 20.5-21.2 °C
- pH:
- Measured at test initiation, 24 and 48 h.Range: 7.83-7.94
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Measured at test initiation, 24 and 48 h.Range: 88.9-94.0 % of air saturation
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 % saturationMeasured: 1.35, 2.70, 5.29, 10.2 and 26.1 mg/L, respectively.
- Details on test conditions:
- Four test vessels, each containing 100 mL of treated or control media, were prepared for each treatment group. Five neonates (<24 h old) were added to each vessel within 30 mins of test solution preparation.Test vessels consisted of glasss crystallising dishes of ca. 200 mL capacity, covered with Perspex lids to prevent dust contamination and evaporation of the test solution.Test vessels were observed for immobile D. magna at 24 and 48 h after test initiation. D. magna were recorded as immobile if no movement was observed within 15 seconds following gentle agitation of the test vessel and after gently touching with a glass rod.Temperature, pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen concentration were measured in an additional vessel prepared at each concetration/ control at 0 h, 24 h and 48 h. The Elendt M4 hardenss was measured was determined prior to use in this test.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 6.22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- Analytical samples taken at 0 and 48 h indicated that concentrations of TBE were stable over the test period, with mean measured concentrations of TBE in the range 86-102 % of the initial measured values. The overall mean measured concetrations of TBE were 1.35, 2.70, 5.29, 10.2 and 26.1 mg/L for the 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 % saturated solutions, respectively. TBE was not detected in the control samples. See Table 3 for mean measured concentrations of TBE during the definitive test.The number of immobile D. magna recorded over the test period are presented in Table 4. After 24 h exposure; 20 (100 %), 2 (10 %) and 1 (5 %) immobile D. magna were recorded in the 26.1, 10.2 and 5.29 mg/L test groups, respectively. After 48 h exposure, the cummulative number of immobile D. magna were; 20 (100 %), 20 (100 %), 4 (20 %) and 1 (5 %) in the 26.1, 10.2, 5.29 and 2.70 mg/L test groups, respectively. See Table 4 for the cummulative number of immobile D. magna observed during the exposure period.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Statistical analysis was conducted using the Spearman-Karber (TSK) method. NOEC and EC50 values were based on immobilisation.The 24 and 48 h EC50 values were estimated to be 14.6 (CI: 12.9, 16.5) and 6.22 (CI: 5.42, 7.12), respectively.The 48 h NOEC was estimated 5.29 mg/L.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48 h EC50 (immobilisation) for TBE to D. magna was estimated at 6.22 mg/L, based on overall mean measured concentrations of TBE.The 48 h NOEC (immobilisation) was 5.29 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
This study was designed to estimate the median effective concentration (EC50) for immobilisation of Daphnia magna exposed to TBE. The study was conducted over a 48 h period, under static conditions. Four replicate vessels were prepared for each treatment, each containing five D. magna neonates. The study was performed in accordance with OECD Guideline 202 (2004).
Based on the results of a range-finsing test, the definitive test was conducted with solutions prepared as dilutions of a saturated solution of TBE (nominally 100 mg/L). As the test item was only, partially soluble, the method was selected to maximise the solubility of TBE under test conditions. The exposure concetrations were nominally 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 % saturation, plus an untreated control. This corresponded to mean measured concetrations of 1.35, 2.70, 5.29, 10.2 and 26.1 mg/L. Analysis of samples taken at 0 and 48 h indicated that TBE was stable over the test period, with measured concentrations of TBE in the range 86 -102 % of the initial values.
The 48 h EC50 (immobilisation) for TBE to D. magna was estimated (using Spearman-Karber method) at 6.22 mg/L, based on overall mean measured concentrations of TBE. The 48 h NOEC (immobilisation) was 5.29 mg/L.
Reference
Table 3 Measured Concetrations of TBE During the Definitive Test
% of Saturated Solution of TBE | Time (h) | Mean Measured Concentration of TBE (mg/L) | Overall Mean Measured Concentration of TBE (mg/L) | Deviation of 48 h Measured Concentration from 0 h Measured Concentration (±%) |
Control | 0 | nd | nd | nd |
48 | nd | |||
6.25 | 0 | 1.44 | 1.35 | -13 |
48 | 1.25 | |||
12.5 | 0 | 2.88 | 2.70 | -13 |
48 | 2.52 | |||
25 | 0 | 5.36 | 5.29 | -3 |
48 | 5.22 | |||
50 | 0 | 10.07 | 10.2 | +2 |
48 | 10.31 | |||
100 | 0 | 28.00 | 26.1 | -14 |
48 | 24.13 |
nd: not detected (LOD = 1.63 µg/L)
Table 4 Cummulative Number of Immobile D. magna Recorded During the Definitive Test
Time (h) | Replicate | Mean Measured Concentration of TBE (mg/L) | |||||
Controls | 1.35 | 2.70 | 5.29 | 10.2 | 26.1 | ||
24 | I | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
II | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | |
III | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | |
IV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |
% immobile D. magna | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 100 | |
48 | I | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 |
II | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 5 | |
III | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | |
IV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 | |
% immobile D. magna | 0 | 0 | 5 | 20 | 100 | 100 |
Description of key information
EC50 = 6.22 mg/L, OECD 202, 2004 (GLP); Knight (2016)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 6.22 mg/L
Additional information
The 48 h EC50 and NOEC (immobilisation) values were estimated in a GLP study to be 6.22 and 5.29 mg/L, respectively. Values were based on mean measured concetrations of TBE. The study was conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline 202 (Knight, 2016).
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