4-aminobenzonitrile

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2015-07-28 to 2015-07-30

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2015

Report date:

2015

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

4-aminobenzonitrile

EC Number:

212-850-1

EC Name:

4-aminobenzonitrile

Cas Number:

873-74-5

Molecular formula:

C7H6N2

IUPAC Name:

4-aminobenzonitrile

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Remarks:

migrated information: powder

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 4-Aminobenzonitrile
- Physical state: solid
- Storage condition of test material: ambient (<= 30 °C), dark, dry

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

not applicable

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Elendt M4 medium was used as test medium (composition in accordance with OECD 202). At test initiation the pH-value of the control (untreated test medium) was 7.74, the dissolved oxygen concentration was 8.8 mg/L and the total hardness was 12°dH (214 mg/L as CaCO3).

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water-flea
- Strain: Daphnia magna Straus, Clone V
- Source: Federal Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt in Berlin/Germany).
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Freshly hatched daphnids max. 24 hours old were used for the test.
- Method of breeding: Daphnia magna was bred as single culture (one daphnid per 100 mL) in Elendt M4 medium. The pH-value of the aerated water was within a range of 6.0 – 9.0. The dissolved oxygen was above 60 % saturation and the total hardness 140 - 250 mg/L (as CaCO3), corresponding to 7.8 - 14°dH. The animals were fed with single cell green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus, former Scenedesmus subspicatus) at least three times a week.
- Feeding during test: None
- Food type: single cell green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus, former Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Frequency: at least three times a week.

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

not applicable

Test conditions

Hardness:

12°dH (214 mg/L CaCO3)

Test temperature:

20.2 – 21.8 °C

pH:

7.69 – 8.09

Dissolved oxygen:

8.4 – 8.8 mg/L

Salinity:

not applicable

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0, 1.94, 4.27, 9.39, 20.7, 45.5 and 100 mg/L (nominal)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: four 100 mL glass beakers per concentration, each filled with 50 mL
- Aeration: none
- Test type: static
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: deionised water

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours photoperiod / 8 hours darkness daily

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.2

RANGE FINDING TEST:
The non-GLP range finding test was conducted with the following concentrations: 0, 0.10, 1.00 and 10.0 mg/L.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium Dichromate

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

18.4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

9.39 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? Yes
In order to check the validity of the results, the toxicity of the reference item potassium dichromate was tested at 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L with 20 test organisms per test concentration on 22 July 2015 around the same time period as the study with the test item.
The results indicate an EC50 (24 h) of the reference item potassium dichromate slightly below 2.0 mg/L. Since the results fall within the range recommended by the guideline (OECD 202), the daphnids were suitable for the determination of the toxicological effects of the test item.

Any other information on results incl. tables

After 24 hours of exposure no immobilisation was observed the control and at 1.94, 4.27 and 9.39 mg/L. 25 % immobilisation was observed at 20.7 mg/L, 75 % immobilisation at 45.5 mg/L and 70 % immobilisation was observed at 100 mg/L.

After 48 hours of exposure no immobilisation was observed in the control and at 1.94, 4.27 and 9.39 mg/L. 80 % immobilisation was observed at 20.7 mg/L and 100 % immobilisation was observed at 45.4 and 100 mg/L. The results are presented in Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 1:   Results of the main test, 24 h values

Concentration Test Item		Control		1.94		4.27		9.39		20.7		45.5		100
						mg/L
		immobilised daphnids after 24 h
Group 1		0		0		0		0		3		4		4
Group 2		0		0		0		0		1		5		2
Group 3		0		0		0		0		1		4		3
Group 4		0		0		0		0		0		2		5
Σ		0		0		0		0		5		15		14
%		0		0		0		0		25		75		70

Table 2:     Results of the main test, 48 h values

Concentration Test Item	Control	1.94	4.27	9.39	20.7	45.5	100
			mg/L
	immobilised daphnids after 48 h
Group 1	0	0	0	0	5	5	5
Group 2	0	0	0	0	4	5	5
Group 3	0	0	0	0	4	5	5
Group 4	0	0	0	0	3	5	5
Σ	0	0	0	0	16	20	20
%	0	0	0	0	80	100	100

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Th acute toxicity of T002680 to Daphnia magna was determined in a 48 hour satic test according to OECD guideline 202. Based on nominal concentration, the 48-h EC50 was determined to be 18.4 mg T002680/L. The corresponding 48-h NOEC was determined to be 9.39 mg T002680/L (based on nominal concentration). The results of the test can be considered reliable without restriction.

Executive summary:

The toxicity of 4 -Aminobenzonitrile on Daphnia magna was tested in a 48 hour acute immobilisation test. The test was performed static according to OECD Guideline 202 ("Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test") with concentrations of 0, 1.94, 4.27, 9.39, 20.7, 45.5 and 100 mg/L and twenty organisms per test concentration (4 replicates of 5 animals each) were used.

According to the results of the test, the EC50 (48 h) for 4-Aminobenzonitrile was determined to be 18.4 mg/L (nominal). The corresponding NOEC (48 h) was determined to be 9.39 mg/L (nominal).