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EC number: 821-997-6 | CAS number: 2136366-99-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 19 December 2016 - 02 February 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 017
- Report date:
- 2017
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying i) Chemicals Inducing Serious Eye Damage and ii) Chemicals Not Requiring Classification for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage)
- Version / remarks:
- 2013
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- reaction products of 2-Propenoic acid (2 moles) and Neopentylglycol hydroxypivalate (1 mole)
- EC Number:
- 821-997-6
- Cas Number:
- 2136366-99-7
- Molecular formula:
- C11H16O6 to C21H32O8
- IUPAC Name:
- reaction products of 2-Propenoic acid (2 moles) and Neopentylglycol hydroxypivalate (1 mole)
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- other: bovine cornea
- Strain:
- other: not applicable
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- Species: bovine cattle.
Origin: bovine eyes were obtained from freshly slaughtered cattle at the abattoir EVA, Saint Pierre sur Dives, France.
Age: as French Authorities avoid the use of any organs from the head of bovines aged more than 12 months, bovine cattle were up to 12 months old (typically, 5 to 8 months old).
Reason for choice: bovine corneas are recommended by Regulatory Authorities for this type of study. They are adapted for the evaluation of potential ocular irritants since they are part of the target organ.
Transport from Supplier to CiToxLAB France: the eyes were transported to CiToxLAB France at ambient temperature, immerged in buffered Hanks medium containing an antibiotic [Hank’s Balanced Salts Solution (HBSS) plus penicillin/streptomycin (100 units/100 µg/mL final)]. A container with smooth internal surfaces was used for the transport to avoid damage to the corneas.
Upon arrival at CiToxLAB France, the selection and preparation of corneas was performed as soon as possible. At each step of the preparation procedure, care was taken to avoid touching the corneas in order not to damage them.
Selection: a careful macroscopic examination was performed on all eyes to detect the presence of any defects (opacity, scratches, pigmentation, etc). Any eyes with defects were discarded. The examination was performed under a lamp, using HBSS in order to keep the eyes moistened and shiny. Particular attention was paid to the corneas and the eyes were swiveled in order to observe the fringe areas and any scratches directly under the light.
Preparation of the selected corneas: the tissues surrounding the eyeball were carefully pulled away and the cornea, surrounded by approximately 2 to 3 mm of sclera, was dissected out. The isolated corneas were stored in HBSS until all corneas had been prepared.
Washing of the corneas: the corneas were washed for 15 minutes, three times, in HBSS plus penicillin/streptomycin (100 units/100 µg/mL final) at room temperature. The corneas were used within a maximum of 24 hours.
Storage of the corneas: as the corneas were not used immediately, they were stored after washing. Each cornea was stored individually in 12 mL of M199 medium containing 5% dextran, plus penicillin/streptomycin, at +4°C, for a maximum of 24 hours before use.
(Pre)Incubation T°C: 32°C
Dates of experimental phase: from 30 January 2017 to 02 February 2017
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: in vitro negative and positive controls
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 750 µL
VEHICLE
As the test item is a non-surfactant liquid, it was tested undiluted (i.e. in its original form). Thus, no vehicle was used. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Exposure period of 10 minutes (± 30 seconds), followed by rinsing
- Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):
- Opacity measurement:
- before treatment
- after 2-hour incubation in water
Permeability measurement:
- after 90-min incubation in water (and other procedures), following the 2nd opacity measurement - Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- Triplicate corneas for each tested substance (test item, negative control, positive control)
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Rinsing: the anterior part of the eye was emptied and then rinsed 5 times with pre-warmed cMEM containing phenol red
NEGATIVE CONTROL:
As the test item was tested undiluted (i.e. in its original form), 0.9% Sodium Chloride (0.9% NaCl) was used as negative control.
Since several test items were assayed concurrently, the negative control was shared.
POSITIVE CONTROL:
As the test item was tested using a 10-minute treatment, the positive control was Absolute Ethanol. It was used neat and sampled on the day of use.
Since several test items were assayed concurrently, the positive control was shared.
SCORING SYSTEM/TOOL
- Opacity:
Using an opacitometer
The average change in opacity during exposure is determined. It is corrected by subtracting the average negative control value from values in positive control and test item.
- Permeability:
Using a spectrophotometer: optical density (OD) at 490 nm wavelength
The optical density is corrected by subtracting the average negative control value from values in positive control and test item.
- Scoring:
In vitro irritancy score (IVIS) = Corrected Opacity + (15 x Corrected OD)
Interpretation: see below
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- in vitro irritation score
- Run / experiment:
- treated (10 min)
- Value:
- 1
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not examined
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- All acceptance criteria were fulfilled. The study was therefore considered as valid.
The mean In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) of the test item-treated corneas was: 1.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Macroscopic examination: No notable opaque spots or irregularities were observed on corneas treated with the test item.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Remarks:
- Not eye irritating.
- Conclusions:
- The test item was identified as not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage.
- Executive summary:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential irritant and corrosive properties of the test item to the eye. The Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) test method can identify chemicals inducing serious eye damage and chemicals not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage.
The design of this study was based on the guideline OECD Guideline 437 and the study was performed in compliance with CiToxLAB France standard operating procedures and with the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice.
Corneas obtained from freshly slaughtered calves were mounted in corneal holders. Both chambers of the corneal holder were filled with complemented MEM culture media (cMEM) and pre-incubated for 1 hour and 5 minutes (± 5 minutes) at +32°C.
A single experiment was performed using three corneas for each treated series (test item, positive control and negative control).
Before the treatment, a first opacity measurement was performed on each cornea using an opacitometer.
The test item was applied undiluted in a single experiment using a treatment time of 10 minutes and using open-chamber method. Negative and positive controls were applied using the same treatment time and using the closed-chamber method. At the completion of the treatment period, all items were removed from the front opening of the anterior chamber and the epithelia were rinsed.
The corneas were then incubated for 2 hours (± 10 minutes) at +32°C before a second opacity measurement was performed.
After the second opacity measurement, the medium of the anterior chamber was removed and filled with a fluorescein solution. The holders were then incubated vertically for 90 minutes (± 5 minutes) at +32°C.
At the end of the incubation period, the Optical Density of the solution from the posterior chamber of each holder was measured in order to determine the permeability of the cornea. Each cornea was then observed for opaque spots and other irregularities.
No notable opaque spots or irregularities were observed on corneas treated with the test item.
All acceptance criteria were fulfilled. The study was therefore considered as valid.
The mean In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) of the test item-treated corneas was: 1.
As the mean IVIS was < 3, the test item was considered asa test chemical not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage (UN GHS No Category).
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