Diammonium hexachloroplatinate

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

The acute oral LD50 of ammonium hexachloroplatinate is approximately 200 mg/kg bw in rats. Four of five females, but none of five males, died after a single oral dose at this level, suggesting that the LD50 in females maybe somewhat lower than this (Middleton, 1978a).

 

No relevant acute dermal or inhalation toxicity data were identified.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Acute toxicity: via oral route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Not reported

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study not carried out in accordance with current guidelines or GLP, but appears scientifically acceptable and well reported.

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

A single acute oral administration of ammonium hexachloroplatinate was given to rats (first main study) at 500 mg/kg bw (the highest dose causing no deaths in a range-finding study). As a high mortality rate was recorded at this level, a second main study was carried out at 200 mg/kg bw.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test type:

fixed dose procedure

Limit test:

no

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Olac, Shaw Farm, Blackthorn, Bicester, Oxon
- Age at study initiation: “Young adult”
- Weight at study initiation: 175-320 g
- Fasting period before study: Overnight fast
- Housing: 5 rats (of one sex) in polypropylene cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum rodent diet 41B supplied by Pilsbury Ltd, Birmingham
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

vegetable oil

Details on oral exposure:

Dose administration was by a single peroral injection using a metal cannula. Test material administered in 10 mL vegetable oil.

Doses:

In the range-finding study, male and female rats were administered 25, 50, 200, 500 or 2000 mg/kg bw. In the first main study rats were administered 500 mg/kg bw, and in the second main study 200 mg/kg bw

No. of animals per sex per dose:

One rat/sex (range-finding study) and ten rats/sex (for the main studies)

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Immediately after dosing, 4 hours after dosing, and daily for 14 days.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes

Statistics:

Acute oral median lethal dose (LD50)

Preliminary study:

In the range-finding study, both rats died at 2000 mg/kg bw, but no deaths were seen at 500 mg/kg bw and below.

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

approximate LD50

Effect level:

200 mg/kg bw

Sex:

male

Dose descriptor:

approximate LD50

Effect level:

> 200 - < 500 mg/kg bw

Sex:

female

Dose descriptor:

approximate LD50

Effect level:

< 200 mg/kg bw

Mortality:

In the range-finding study both rats died at 2 g/kg bw within 24 hrs of dosing; no deaths were seen at any other dose level. In the first main study, 4 male and 4 female rats died at 500 mg/kg bw within 3 days of administration. Therefore a second main study was performed at 200 mg/kg bw. At this level, 4 females died within 24 hrs; the remaining 6 animals (including 5 males) survived the 14-day observation period.

Clinical signs:

other: Not reported.

Gross pathology:

In the six surviving rats receiving 200 mg/kg bw, pale kidneys were seen in one male and one female rat; no abnormalities were detected in the other 4 males following a macroscopic examination.

Interpretation of results:

Toxicity Category III

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

The acute oral LD50 of ammonium hexachloroplatinate is approximately 200 mg/kg bw in rats. Four of five females, but none of five males, died after a single oral dose at this level, suggesting that the LD50 in females maybe somewhat lower than this.

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of ammonium hexachloroplatinate was investigated in a well-conducted study Sprague-Dawley rats. Initially, rats (1/sex/group)received the test material via oral gavage at doses of 25, 50, 200, 500 or 2000 mg/kg bw. Both rats died at the top dose within 24 hours; no deaths were seen at the lower doses. Subsequently, 5 rats/sex received the test material at a dose of 500 mg/kg bw (the highest dose causing no deaths in the range-finding study) by stomach tube. As 4 rats of each sex died within 3 days of administration of the test material at this dose, a second main study (again involving 5 rats/sex) was performed at 200 mg/kg bw. At this level, 4 females died within 24 hours, whilst the remaining animals survived the 14-day observation period.

 

Of the surviving animals at 200 mg/kg bw, pale kidneys were observed in one male and one female; no gross abnormalities were detected in the other 4 animals. The study authors conclude that the acute oral LD50 of ammonium hexachloroplatinate in the rat is "likely to be in the region of 200 mg/kg bw", and classed the test substance according to Hodge and Sterner (1943) as "moderately toxic". Four of five females, but none of five males, died after a single oral dose of 200 mg/kg bw, suggesting that the LD50 in females may be somewhat below 200 mg/kg bw and in males is greater than 200 mg/kg bw (but less than 500 mg/kg bw). The possible sensitivity of females to ammonium hexachloroplatinate in this test system was not discussed by the study authors.

 

Based on the results of this study, the test material should be classified for acute oral toxicity (category 3) according to EU CLP criteria (EC 1272/2008).

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Value:

200 mg/kg bw

Quality of whole database:

Overall, good-quality database which meets REACH Standard Information Requirements.

Acute toxicity: via inhalation route

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Acute toxicity: via dermal route

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

No relevant acute toxicity human data were identified.

 

The acute toxicity of ammonium hexachloroplatinate was investigated in a well-conducted study Sprague-Dawley rats. Initially, rats (1/sex/group) received the test material via oral gavage at doses of 25, 50, 200, 500 or 2000 mg/kg bw. Both rats died at the top dose within 24 hours; no deaths were seen at the lower doses. Subsequently, 5 rats/sex received the test material at a dose of 500 mg/kg bw (the highest dosecausing no deaths in the range-finding study) by stomach tube. As 4 rats of each sex died within 3 days of administration of the test material at this dose, a second main study (again involving 5 rats/sex) was performed at 200 mg/kg bw. At this level, 4 females died within 24 hours, whilst the remaining animals survived the 14-day observation period. Of the surviving animals at 200 mg/kg bw, pale kidneys were observed in one male and one female; no gross abnormalities were detected in the other 4 animals. The study authors conclude that the acute oral LD50 of ammonium hexachloroplatinate in the rat is "likely to be in the region of 200 mg/kg bw", and classed the test substance according to Hodge and Sterner (1943) as "moderately toxic". Four of five females, but none of five males, died after a single oral dose of 200 mg/kg bw, suggesting that the LD50 in females may be somewhat below 200 mg/kg bw and in males is greater than 200 mg/kg bw (but less than 500 mg/kg bw). The possible sensitivity of females to ammonium hexachloroplatinate in this test system was not discussed by the study authors (Middleton, 1978a). Based on the results of this study, the test material should be classified for acute oral toxicity (category 3) according to EU CLP criteria (EC 1272/2008).

 

No acute inhalation toxicity data were identified. However, as the compound is classified for respiratory sensitisation (category 1A), the corresponding safety/protective measures will ensure that the potential for inhalation exposure is strictly controlled. Hence, exposure at levels sufficient to invoke considerations of acute inhalation toxicity is not anticipated.

 

Similarly, no acute dermal toxicity data were identified. However, as the compound is classified for skin sensitisation (category 1B), the corresponding safety/protective measures will ensure that the potential for skin exposure is minimised. Moreover, skin contact during production and/or use is expected to be negligible.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the results of the available and reliable acute oral rat study, diammonium hexachloroplatinate should be classified for acute oral toxicity (category 3) according to EU CLP criteria (EC 1272/2008).

 

No evidence of specific target organ toxicity was noted. As such, classification for STOT-SE is not considered appropriate.