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Physical & Chemical properties

Surface tension

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Reference
Endpoint:
surface tension
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
30 Jul 2009
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Remarks:
GLP guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 115 (Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions)
Version / remarks:
adopted in 1981
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method A.5 (Surface Tension)
Version / remarks:
adopted in 2008
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Remarks:
Landesamt für Umwelt, Wasserwirtschaft und Gewerbeaufsicht, Mainz, Germany
Type of method:
plate method
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Storage conditions: room temperature (20 ± 5 °C), keep away from light
Surface tension:
52.09 mN/m
Temp.:
20 °C
Conc.:
90 other: 90% of maximum water solubility

Results
Reference Study
Water was measured, the results are shown in Table1.

Table 1 – Negative control measured values, temperature of 27.7 °C at each measurement.

Measurement no

Time [s]

Mass [g]

Surface tension [mN/m]

1

3

0.2934

71.57

2

6

0.2925

71.35

3

9

0.2925

71.35

4

12

0.2924

71.33

5

15

0.2923

71.31

6

18

0.2925

71.35

7

21

0.2924

71.33

8

24

0.2926

71.38

9

26.9

0.2926

71.38

10

30

0.2925

71.35

Mean

Standard deviation

71.37

0.07

 

Main Study
The test item solution was kept at a constant temperature (20.0
± 0.5 °C). After the first measurement series, a second one was carried out for verification purposes. Tables 2 and 3 show the results.

Table 2 – Test item first series measurement values

Measurement no

Time [s]

Mass [g]

Surface tension [mN/m]

Temperature [°C]

1

2.9

0.2132

52.01

20.2

2

5.9

0.2138

52.16

20.3

3

8.9

0.2137

52.13

20.3

4

11.9

0.2137

52.13

20.3

5

14.9

0.2129

51.94

20.3

6

17.9

0.2135

52.08

20.4

7

20.9

0.2137

52.13

20.4

8

23.9

0.2138

52.16

20.4

9

26.9

0.2137

52.13

20.5

10

29.9

0.2135

52.08

20.5

Mean

Standard deviation

52.09

 

0.07

 

 

Table 3 – Test item second series measurement values

Measurement no

Time [s]

Mass [g]

Surface tension [mN/m]

Temperature [°C]

1

2.9

0.2157

52.62

19.8

2

5.8

0.214

52.20

19.8

3

8.9

0.2143

52.28

19.9

4

11.8

0.2137

52.13

19.9

5

14.9

0.2136

52.11

19.9

6

17.8

0.2141

52.23

19.9

7

20.9

0.214

52.20

19.9

8

23.8

0.2138

52.16

19.9

9

26.9

0.214

52.20

19.9

10

29.9

0.2136

52.11

20.0

Mean

Standard deviation

52.22

 

0.15

 

 

No significant changes and no significant dependence on time and temperature were noticed. Regarding time and temperature dependence, values between 51.94 and 52.28 mN/m were recorded showing no significant variations.

Discussion
The literature value of the surface tension of water at 28 °C is 71.52 mN/m (according to Vargaftik et al., “International Tables of the surface tension of water”, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 12, 817, 1983). The surface tension of the negative control showed a 0.25% difference from the stated literature value, which lies within the accepted range of 1% deviation from the literature value. Single determination values show no significant difference (0.65% between the highest and lowest value of both measurement series). All measured values lay below the threshold for surface tension stated in the guidelines.

Conclusion
The surface tension of an aqueous solution of test item was determined to be 52.09
± 0.07 mN/m at 20 ± 0.5 °C. The test item result is considered valid and the test item is classified as surface active. Because the measured value is < 60 mN/m.

Description of key information

52.09 mN/m at 20° C and 90% vol.% (OECD 115, tensiometer). The substance is surface active.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Surface tension:
52.09
in mN/m at 20°C and concentration in mg/L:
10.161

Additional information