Chromium oxide

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

30. September - 24. October 2008

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP - guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2008

Report date:

2008

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Version / remarks:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

The temperature in the main study lay in a range of 23.7 to 24.3 °C and therefore higher than stated in the guidelines. The temperature in the reference study lay in a range of 24.3 – 24.6°C and therefore higher than stated in the guidelines.

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

Landesamt für Umwelt, Wasserwirtschaft und Gewerbeaufsicht, Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Chromium triacetate

EC Number:

213-909-4

EC Name:

Chromium triacetate

Cas Number:

1066-30-4

IUPAC Name:

chromium(3+) triacetate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Chromium(III)acetate
- Substance type: yellow-greenish powder
- Physical state: solid
- Analytical purity: > 95%
- Lot/batch No.: 1000141379
- Expiration date of the lot/batch:
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature 20 ± 5°C, dry, in closed glass vessel

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Sampling method: taken at the start and the end of experiment
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: stored at -20 °C

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- solution 100 mg/L test item in dilution water was prepared

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flee
- Strain: Berlin
- sex: female
- Source: Umweltbundesamt, arrival at 27. Sept. 2007
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0 - 24 hours
- Method of breeding: at LAUS GmbH throughout the year, holding performed similar to method described in EN ISO 6341
- Feeding during test: none




- Type and amount of food before study: unicellular green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus)
- Medium: M4-medium (recipe of Elendt), medium renewal twice a week
- photo period: 16/8 hours, using neon tubes
- temperature: 20 ± 2°C
- vessels: glass beakers, 2L

Acclimation: 30 min. before test

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

2.5 mmol/L
250 mg CaCO3/L

Test temperature:

23.7 - 24.3 °C

pH:

6.1 to 6.9 in test media and 7.6 in control

Dissolved oxygen:

7.9 mg in test media and 7.8 to 7.9 in control

Nominal and measured concentrations:

100 mg/L (nominal)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass beakers, nominal volume 50 mL, tall shape, containing 20 mL test solution
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: CaCl2 * 2 H2O (293.80 mg/L), MgSO4 * 7 H2O (123.30 mg/L), NaHCO3 (64.80 mg/L), KCl (5.80)

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light / 8 hours dark

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility, behaviour after 24 and 48 hours

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- limit test: 100 mg/L (nominal) based on the solubility, which is higher than 100 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Remarks:

Immobilisation

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Remarks:

Immobilisation

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Remarks:

Immobilisation

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Remarks:

Immobilisation

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 5

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Remarks:

Immobilisation

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 6

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Remarks:

Immobilisation

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: none
- Mortality of control: none
- Other adverse effects control: none

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? yes
- Mortality: none
- EC50: 0.8 mg/L (24 h), EC100: 1.5 mg/L (24 h), NOEC: 0.5 mg/L (24 h)

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table: Main study: Immobility

Nominal concentration in mg/L	Immobility 24 hours					Immobility 48 hours
	abs.				in %	abs.				in %
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Table: Main study: pH and O2 -values

Nominal concentration in mg/L	pH		O2-concentration in mg/L
	0 h	48 h	0 h	48 h
0	7.6	7.6	7.8	7.9
100	6.9	6.1	7.9	7.9

Table: Main study: Measured concentrations

Nominal concentration in mg/L	Measured concentration in mg/L		% Recovery after 48 h	% of Nominal concentration
	0 h	48 h		0 h	48 h
0	LOQ	LOQ	-	-	-
100	94.0	94.7	101	94	95

Table: Reference study: Immobilities, pH and O2 -values

Nominal concentration in mg/L	Immobility					pH		O2-concentration in mg/L
	abs.				in %	t = 0 h	t = 24 h	t = 0 h	t = 24 h
0	0	0	0	0	0	7.6	7.2	7.9	7.8
0.5	0	0	1	0	5	7.6	7.3	7.8	7.9
0.625	0	0	4	1	20	7.8	7.4	7.9	8.0
1.0	4	5	3	3	75	7.6	7.5	8.0	7.9
1.25	5	4	5	5	95	7.6	7.5	8.0	7.6
1.5	5	5	5	5	100	7.7	7.5	8.0	7.7
2.0	5	5	5	5	100	7.5	7.5	8.0	7.8
2.5	5	5	5	5	100	7.6	7.4	8.0	7.6
3.0	5	5	5	5	100	7.6	7.4	7.9	7.7