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EC number: 228-528-9 | CAS number: 6289-46-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2009
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study performed according to current OECD-Guidelines and GLP
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 009
- Report date:
- 2009
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dimethyl 2,5-dioxocyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate
- EC Number:
- 228-528-9
- EC Name:
- Dimethyl 2,5-dioxocyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate
- Cas Number:
- 6289-46-9
- Molecular formula:
- C10H12O6
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,4-dimethyl 2,5-dioxocyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 7.68 - 19.2 - 48.0 - 120 - 300 mg/L
- Sampling method: Separate replicates for test item analysis after 0 h were prepared without algae. Samples at end of the test were taken directly from the test replicates of each test concentration.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: All samples were stored at 6 +/- 2 °C if necessary
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock solution of 300 mg/L was freshly prepared
- Eluate: Dilution water
- Differential loading: 7.68 - 19.2 - 48.0 - 120 - 300 mg/L
- Controls: Six replicates without test item were tested under the same test conditions as the test replicates
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): No undissolved material
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Desmodesmus subspicatus Chodat
- Strain: SAG 86.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): SAG Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universitaet Goettingen, Nikolausberger Weg 18, D-37073 Goettingen, Germany
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3 days
- Method of cultivation: Fresh stocks were prepared from Z-Agar. Light intensity amounted 35 - 70 µE x m-2 x s-1 for 24 h per day.
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): Same as test
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: No
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- Not measured
- Test temperature:
- Mean: 22 °C, Min: 21 °C, Max: 23 °C
- pH:
- Test item concentration pH-value
Nominal Geometric mean measured
[mg/L] Start; 0 h End; 72 h
300 137 7.51 7.88
120 48.0 7.72 7.96
48.0 13.4 7.75 8.17
19.2 1.63 7.89 8.46
7.68 0.414 7.92 8.71
Control 7.95 9.04 - Dissolved oxygen:
- Not measured
- Salinity:
- Not measured, freshwater
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Concentrations and Recovery Rates of Succinmethylester
Sampling date 2009-06-15
Test start (0 h) 2009-06-18
Test end (72 h)
Start of analysis 2009-06-15 2009-06-18
Nominal concentration Succinmethylester
Geometric mean measured concentration
Test item
[mg/L] Main component
[mg/L] Measured
Concentration *
[mg/L] Measured
Concentration *
[mg/L] RR
[%] Main component
[mg/L] Test item
[mg/L]
300 276 132 121 92 126 137
120 110 50.9 38.3 75 44.2 48.0
48.0 44.2 23.7 6.36 27 12.3 13.4
19.2 17.7 8.14 0.275 3 1.50 1.63
7.68 7.07 3.23 < LOQ 0.3811) 0.414
Control < LOQ < LOQ < LOQ - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: sterile 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, test volume 100 mL
- Aeration: Test containers were placed on a rotary shaker and oscillated at appr. 70 rpm
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): None
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): One application at test start
- Initial cells density: 4878 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: Mean 804533 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): None
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Dilution water, composition acc. to the guideline
- Hardness: 0.24 mmol Ca+Mg/L
- pH-value: 8.1 +/- 0.2
- Culture medium: Nutrient Medium Z acc. to LÜTTGE et al. (1994)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 24 h
- Light intensity and quality: 60 - 120 µE x m-2 x s-1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: [counting chamber; electronic particle counter; fluorimeter; spectrophotometer; colorimeter] Fluorimeter, via Chlorophyll-a fluorescence (excitation at 436 nm, emission at 685 nm), cell concentrations were related to all cell density values acc. to a calibration curve.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: Yes
- Test concentrations: 1 - 10 - 100 mg/L
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 51.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 39.1-67.6
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test):
- Unusual cell shape: No
- Colour differences: No
- Flocculation: No
- Adherence to test vessels: No
- Aggregation of algal cells: No
- Other: No
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: No
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- EC50:
Rate-related inhibition: 0.695 (CI 0.657 - 0.729) mg/L
Yield Inhibition: 0.32 (CI 0.294 - 0.358) mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC10-, EC20- and EC50-values of the growth rate and yield inhibition after 72 h were calculated by sigmoidal dose-response regression. Calculation of the confidence intervals EC10-, EC20- and EC50-values were carried out using standard procedures.
Any other information on results incl. tables
NOEC, LOEC, EC-Values and 95 %
Confidence Intervals of Succinmethylester
(0-72 h)
based on geometric mean measured concentrations of the test item [mg/L]
Rate-related inhibition |
|
NOEC |
1.63 |
LOEC |
13.4 |
ErC10 |
9.06 (6.16 – 12.2) |
ErC20 |
15.2 (11.6 – 18.8) |
ErC50 |
51.3 (39.1 – 67.6) |
Yield inhibition |
|
NOEC |
1.63 |
LOEC |
13.4 |
EyC10 |
3.30 (2.20 – 4.85) |
EyC20 |
4.68 (3.39 – 6.64) |
EyC50 |
10.5 (7.53 – 14.3) |
Cell Densities
|
Test item concentration |
Replicate |
Cell density [cells/mL] |
||||||||
|
Nominal |
Geometric mean measured |
|||||||||
[mg/L] |
No. |
0 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
|
|||||
300 |
137 |
1 |
4878 |
31216* |
41207* |
33944* |
|
||||
2 |
4878 |
23259* |
40346* |
36039* |
|
||||||
3 |
4878 |
23392* |
38980* |
31558* |
|
||||||
Mean |
4878 |
25956* |
40178* |
33847* |
|
||||||
120 |
48.0 |
1 |
4878 |
22554* |
54886* |
44328* |
|
||||
2 |
4878 |
23690* |
63843* |
81864* |
|
||||||
3 |
4878 |
35360* |
80548* |
81041* |
|
||||||
Mean |
4878 |
27201* |
66426* |
69078* |
|
||||||
48.0 |
13.4 |
1 |
4878 |
20796* |
90629* |
253489* |
|
||||
2 |
4878 |
28690* |
133802* |
419943* |
|
||||||
3 |
4878 |
34045* |
117772* |
346922* |
|
||||||
Mean |
4878 |
27844* |
114068* |
340118* |
|
||||||
19.2 |
1.63 |
1 |
4878 |
25661 |
168647 |
706686 |
|
||||
2 |
4878 |
24888 |
180002 |
747788 |
|
||||||
3 |
4878 |
35458 |
209823 |
1005368 |
|
||||||
Mean |
4878 |
28669 |
186157 |
819947 |
|
||||||
7.68 |
0.414 |
1 |
4878 |
23773 |
192941 |
800236 |
|
||||
2 |
4878 |
26463 |
222839 |
909319 |
|
||||||
3 |
4878 |
30460 |
203749 |
964171 |
|
||||||
Mean |
4878 |
26899 |
206510 |
891242 |
|
||||||
Control |
1 |
4878 |
17979 |
133858 |
621679 |
|
|||||
2 |
4878 |
21135 |
171394 |
802104 |
|
||||||
3 |
4878 |
26077 |
164910 |
766019 |
|
||||||
4 |
4878 |
27192 |
213225 |
1003016 |
|
||||||
5 |
4878 |
26655 |
167057 |
809237 |
|
||||||
6 |
4878 |
22256 |
154396 |
825143 |
|
||||||
Mean |
4878 |
23549 |
167473 |
804533 |
|
Evaluation after 72 h
Statistically significant differences of growth rates and yield compared to
control values are marked (+), not significant differences are marked (-).
Test item concentration |
Replicate |
Growth rate |
Rate-related inhibition |
Yield |
Inhibition of yield |
|||
Nominal |
Geometric mean measured |
|||||||
[mg/L] |
[mg/L] |
[d-1] |
[%] |
[cells/mL] |
[%] |
|||
300 |
137 |
1 |
0.647 |
61.93 |
29066 |
96.37 |
||
2 |
0.667 |
60.75 |
31161 |
96.10 |
||||
3 |
0.622 |
63.36 |
26680 |
96.66 |
||||
Mean |
(+) |
0.645 |
62.01 |
(+) |
28969 |
96.38 |
||
120 |
48.0 |
1 |
0.736 |
56.69 |
39450 |
95.07 |
||
2 |
0.940 |
44.65 |
76986 |
90.37 |
||||
3 |
0.937 |
44.85 |
76163 |
90.48 |
||||
Mean |
(+) |
0.871 |
48.73 |
(+) |
64200 |
91.97 |
||
48.0 |
13.4 |
1 |
1.317 |
22.47 |
248611 |
68.91 |
||
2 |
1.485 |
12.57 |
415065 |
48.09 |
||||
3 |
1.421 |
16.32 |
342044 |
57.23 |
||||
Mean |
(+) |
1.408 |
17.12 |
(+) |
335240 |
58.08 |
||
19.2 |
1.63 |
1 |
1.659 |
2.35 |
701808 |
12.24 |
||
2 |
1.677 |
1.24 |
742910 |
7.10 |
||||
3 |
1.776 |
-4.56 |
1000490 |
-25.12 |
||||
Mean |
(-) |
1.704 |
-0.32 |
(-) |
815069 |
-1.93 |
||
7.68 |
0.414 |
1 |
1.700 |
-0.09 |
795358 |
0.54 |
||
2 |
1.743 |
-2.59 |
904441 |
-13.10 |
||||
3 |
1.762 |
-3.74 |
959293 |
-19.96 |
||||
Mean |
(-) |
1.735 |
-2.14 |
(-) |
886364 |
-10.84 |
||
Control |
1 |
1.616 |
616801 |
|||||
2 |
1.701 |
797226 |
||||||
3 |
1.685 |
761141 |
||||||
4 |
1.775 |
998138 |
||||||
5 |
1.704 |
804359 |
||||||
6 |
1.710 |
820265 |
||||||
Mean |
1.699 |
799655 |
Section-by-Section and Average Specific Growth Rates of the Control Group
Replicate No. |
Specific growth rate [d-1] |
Mean (0 - 72 h) |
SD ± |
CV |
Mean CV [%] |
|||
section-by-section |
||||||||
0 – 24 h |
24 – 48 h |
48 – 72 h |
||||||
Control |
1 |
1.304 |
2.008 |
1.536 |
1.616 |
0.3584 |
22.2 |
14.3 |
2 |
1.466 |
2.093 |
1.543 |
1.701 |
0.3418 |
20.1 |
||
3 |
1.676 |
1.844 |
1.536 |
1.685 |
0.1545 |
9.16 |
||
4 |
1.718 |
2.059 |
1.548 |
1.775 |
0.2603 |
14.7 |
||
5 |
1.698 |
1.835 |
1.578 |
1.704 |
0.1289 |
7.56 |
||
6 |
1.518 |
1.937 |
1.676 |
1.710 |
0.2116 |
12.4 |
||
Mean |
1.699 |
|
||||||
SD ± |
0.05 |
|
||||||
CV [%] |
3.01 |
|
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In this study Succinmethylester was found to inhibit the growth of the freshwater green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus after 72 h with the following effect values (geometric mean measured test item concentrations): The EC50-values with 95 % confidence intervals for inhibition of specific growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) after 72 h were 51.3 (39.1 – 67.6) and 10.5 (7.53 – 14.3) mg/L, respectively. All effect levels are given based on geometric mean measured concentrations of Succinmethylester.
- Executive summary:
The toxicity of Succinmethylester(Batch no.: DEB2 075992) to the unicellular freshwater green alga Desmodesmus subspicatuswas determined according to the principles of OECD 201 at Dr.U.Noack-Laboratorienin 31157 , from June 15 to 23, 2009. The aim of the study was to assess the effects on growth rate and yield production over a period of 72 h.
The study was conducted under static conditions with an initial cell density of approximately 2 x 5 x 103cells/mL. Five concentration levels were tested in a geometrical series with a dilution factor of √10, nominal: 7.68 - 19.2 - 48.0 -120 - 300 mg/L, corresponding to geometric mean measured test item concentrations of 0.414 - 1.63 - 13.4 - 48.0 - 137 mg/L. Three replicates were tested for each test item concentration and six replicates for the control. Environmental conditions were determined to be within the acceptable limits.The concentrations of Succinmethylester were analysed at test start and end via HPLC analysis. The recovery rates after 72 h related to initial measured concentrations show a concentration related decrease from 92 % to LOQ. Therefore all effect levels are given based on geometric mean measured concentrations of the test item
NOEC, LOEC, EC-Values and 95 % Confidence Intervals of Succinmethylester
(0-72 h)based on geometric mean measured concentrations of the test item [mg/L]
Rate-related inhibition
NOEC
1.63
LOEC
13.4
ErC10
9.06 (6.16 – 12.2)
ErC20
15.2 (11.6 – 18.8)
ErC50
51.3 (39.1 – 67.6)
Yield inhibition
NOEC
1.63
LOEC
13.4
EyC10
3.30 (2.20 – 4.85)
EyC20
4.68 (3.39 – 6.64)
EyC50
10.5 (7.53 – 14.3)
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