Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 294-409-3 | CAS number: 91722-09-7 Substance formed during processing of liquid steel or during production of iron castings. Consists primarily of fused silicates and trace elements as oxides as well as trace of alloying elements.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Biotransformation and kinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biotransformation and kinetics
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1954-2005
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study using national guideline. Study meets generally accepted scientific principles. Study acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 005
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Analysis of trace elements in soils of arable land fertilized with several types of slag or lime; analytical focus on soil Cr and V content to find out whether accumulation of both elements occurred. Controls not fertilized and/or limed with non-silicatic fertilizer (CaO and/or CaCO3)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of medium:
- terrestrial
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Slags, ferrous metal, blast furnace
- EC Number:
- 266-002-0
- EC Name:
- Slags, ferrous metal, blast furnace
- Cas Number:
- 65996-69-2
- Molecular formula:
- ~ Al(n)Ca(m)Mg(o)Si(p)O(3n/2+m+o+2p)
- IUPAC Name:
- Aluminium-Calcium-Magnesium-Silicium oxide equivalent
- Details on test material:
- TS = Thomas Slag, BOS = converter slag, DCS = disintegrating BOS, LS = SMS (ladle slag), ABS/GBS = blast furnace slag, CLS = carbonate limestone (CaCO3), BL = burnt lime (CaO)
The content of metals in liming materials and slags are generally at a uncritical level. Only Cr and V may occur in higher concentrations
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
- Transformation products:
- no
Any other information on results incl. tables
Mean yields on the site Essershausen in the first seven and the last four experimental years (rape/cereals crop rotation)
Liming Material |
without lime |
burnt lime |
ABS |
BOS |
lsd5% |
Sommerland |
|
|
|
|
|
Ø 1994-2000 (dt GE ha-1a-1) |
78.0 |
79.7 |
81.3 |
81.0 |
1.0 |
Ø 1979-93 (%) |
100.0 |
102.2 |
104.2 |
103.9 |
1.3 |
Ø 2002-2004 (dt GE ha-1a-1) |
138.7 |
141.6 |
143.4 |
143.6 |
4.6 |
Ø 2002-2004 (%) |
100.0 |
102.1 |
103.4 |
103.5 |
1.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Arzdorf |
|
|
|
|
|
Ø 1975-93 (dt GE ha-1a-1) |
114.2 |
117.7 |
121.0 |
121.6 |
1.4 |
Ø 1975-95 (%) |
100.0 |
103.1 |
106.0 |
106.5 |
1.3 |
2004 (silo/maize/cobs) |
104.0 |
109.0 |
110.4 |
114.0 |
9.6 |
2004 (%) |
100.0 |
104.8 |
106.1 |
109.6 |
9.2 |
Mean yields on the site Kasseburg in the first seven and the last four experimental years.
Liming Material kg CaO/ha |
without Lime |
Converter Lime from Ladle Slag 500 |
Converter Lime from Ladle Slag 1000 |
Carbonate Limestone 1000 |
lsd5% |
Ø 1994-2000 (dt GE) |
94.9 |
99.4 |
99.2 |
97.8 |
1.7 |
Ø 1994-2000 (rel.) |
100.1 |
104.7 |
104.5 |
103.0 |
1.8 |
Ø 2001-2004 (dt GE) |
94.9 |
99.7 |
102.3 |
100.5 |
2.3 |
Ø 2001-2004 (rel.) |
100.0 |
105.1 |
107.8 |
105.9 |
2.4 |
Chromium contents in the soil profile of the long-term field experiment Sommerland (Schleswig-Holstein) 20 years after beginning of the trial. Chromium contents (aqua regia) in mg Cr/kg soil
Soil depth (cm) |
Without lime |
Burnt lime |
Blast furnace lime |
Converter lime |
lsd5% |
0-30 |
51.1 a |
49.9 a |
49.7 a |
61.8 a |
4.7 |
30-35 |
59.2 b |
57.4 b |
52.0 ab |
56.8 b |
12.2 |
35-40 |
59.0 b |
58.4 b |
55,9 b |
57.0 b |
6.9 |
40-45 |
57.7 b |
57.4 b |
55.9 b |
56.7 b |
4.2 |
45-50 |
57.1 ab |
56.2 ab |
57.2 b |
56.5 b |
4.2 |
lsd5%1) |
7.6 |
7.9 |
5.9 |
5.3 |
|
lsd5%2) |
6.6 |
6.9 |
5.1 |
4.6 |
|
1) Least significant differences for the comparison between top layer and subsoil
2) Least significant differences for the comparison within the subsoil
Vanadium contents in the soil profile of the long-term field experiment Sommerland (Schleswig-Holstein) 20 years after beginning of the trial. Vanadium contents (aqua regia) in mg V/kg soil
Soil depth (cm) |
Without lime |
Burnt lime |
Blast furnace lime |
Converter lime |
lsd5% |
0-30 |
74.9 a |
86.5 a |
75.6 a |
93.6 a |
6.5 |
30-35 |
90.1 b |
85.8 a |
79.4 ab |
87.4 a |
9.2 |
35-40 |
89.5 b |
86.9 a |
87.4 b |
86.9 a |
7.3 |
40-45 |
87.7 b |
87.2 a |
86.6 b |
87.1 a |
6.0 |
45-50 |
89.7 b |
90.8 a |
86.6 b |
86.6 a |
9.6 |
lsd5%1) |
7.9 |
8.6 |
8.3 |
8.5 |
|
lsd5%2) |
6.9 |
7.4 |
7.2 |
7.3 |
|
1) Least significant differences for the comparison between top layer and subsoil
2) Least significant differences for the comparison within the subsoil
Mean yields in the first seven and the last four experimental years (rape/cereals crop rotation)
Liming Material |
without lime |
burnt lime |
ABS |
BOS |
lsd5% |
Sommerland |
|
|
|
|
|
Ø 1994-2000 (dt GE ha-1a-1) |
78.0 |
79.7 |
81.3 |
81.0 |
1.0 |
Ø 1979-93 (%) |
100.0 |
102.2 |
104.2 |
103.9 |
1.3 |
Ø 2002-2004 (dt GE ha-1a-1) |
138.7 |
141.6 |
143.4 |
143.6 |
4.6 |
Ø 2002-2004 (%) |
100.0 |
102.1 |
103.4 |
103.5 |
1.3 |
Crop yields in the last three years of the Austrian field trials Fuchsenbigl, Rottenhausen ans Zwettl (Yield (%) related to control (100 %))
kg P2O5 ha-1yr-1 |
kg P2O5 ha-1yr-1 |
kg P2O5 ha-1yr-1 |
0 |
Basic slag 100 |
Basic slag 400 |
Super phosphate 100 |
Super phosphate 400 |
LSDyear5% |
Year |
Site |
Crop |
Yield (dt ha-1) |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
2001 |
Fuchsenbigl |
Rye |
32.5 |
143 |
150 |
127 |
135 |
29 |
2001 |
Rottenhaus |
Rape |
36.6 |
107 |
115 |
115 |
115 |
13 |
2001 |
Zwettl |
Spring barely |
27.5 |
145 |
164 |
147 |
174 |
32 |
2002 |
Fuchsenbigl |
Potatoes |
240.1 |
117 |
103 |
135 |
147 |
36 |
2002 |
Rottenhaus |
Potatoes |
364.1 |
131 |
115 |
129 |
143 |
22 |
2002 |
Zwettl |
Potatoes |
331.5 |
135 |
76 |
130 |
150 |
7 |
2003 |
Fuchsenbigl |
wheat |
46.5 |
113 |
120 |
102 |
111 |
21 |
2003 |
Rottenhaus |
wheat |
47.7 |
108 |
110 |
101 |
110 |
6 |
2003 |
Zwettl |
wheat |
49.5 |
122 |
128 |
114 |
124 |
17 |
Mean yields on the site Roesrath in the first and last experimental period
|
|
Unlimed |
Limestone |
Limestone |
BOS |
BOS |
lsd5% |
Period |
kg CaO/ha at CaO 1 |
0 |
CaO ½ |
CaO 1 |
CaO ½ |
CaO 1 |
|
Ø 1989-2000 (dt GE) |
925 |
95.2 |
102.9 |
102.5 |
106.9 |
107.6 |
2.7 |
Ø 1989-2004 (%) |
|
100.0 |
108.2 |
107.7 |
112.3 |
113.1 |
2.9 |
Ø 2001-2004 (dt GE) |
600 |
74.6 |
81.7 |
86.1 |
86.9 |
87.4 |
4.3 |
Ø 2001-2004 (%) |
|
100.0 |
109.5 |
115.5 |
116.5 |
117.1 |
5.7 |
Ø 1990-2000(dtD.M.) |
745 |
114.7 |
122.6 |
125.4 |
126.6 |
128.5 |
2.2 |
Ø 1990-2000 (%) |
|
100.0 |
106.9 |
109.3 |
110.4 |
112.1 |
1.9 |
Ø 20001-2004 (dt D.M.) |
450 |
89.7 |
95.5 |
95.5 |
99.1 |
100.0 |
4.3 |
Ø 2001-2004 (%) |
|
100.0 |
106.4 |
107.0 |
110.5 |
111.5 |
4.8 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Fertilization with slag significantly improves agricultural yield and does neither affect microbial activity of soil nor pose any risk of accumulation of trace elements.
- Executive summary:
Field studies in Germany and Austria of up to 50 years duration demonstrated improved agricultural yield by application of ABS/GBS, BOS, and ladle slags as fertilizers.
The application of ABS/GBS and ladle slags in amounts of annual lime loss did not result in significant increases of the Cr or V content in the soils. Although the long-term use of BOS causes an accumulation of aqua regia extractable Cr and V in the soils, all slag applications led to improved soil fertility and did not negatively affect the microbiological activities in soils. There is no risk of trace element accumulation in soils (FehS (Rex)).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
![ECHA](/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/echa_logo.png)