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EC number: 273-744-9 | CAS number: 69012-45-9 By-product produced in the rolling of copper wire either in a conventional rod mill or a continuous cast rod mill. Consists of metallic copper, cuprous oxide and cupric oxide.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional physico-chemical information
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- other: representative mineralogy
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No GLP study but other quality assurance
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Chemistry /elemental analysis was determined using ICP (inductively Coupled Plasma spectroscopy). Metal speciation/metal mineralogy was assessed from Sequential extraction/metal analysis and mineralogical analysis (XRD and microscopes equipped with EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrometry) and WDS (Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometry) analysers. The interpretation of the overall results was performed by expert (with profound knowledge of metal particularities).
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- but equivalent Quality Assurance
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Scale (coating), copper
- EC Number:
- 273-744-9
- EC Name:
- Scale (coating), copper
- Cas Number:
- 69012-45-9
- IUPAC Name:
- scale (coating), copper
- Details on test material:
- Sample collection made according to ECI/REACH Copper Consortium Standards Protocols (see IUCLID section 1.4)
B10, Scale, slag-type material from Cu melting furnace, primary smelter (representative, homogenised), sample code: slag from melting furnace, lab code: 09TT03840
B10, Scale, slag-type material from Cu rolling mill (representative, homogenised), sample code: scale coating from rolling mill, lab code: 09TT03897
B10, scale, dross-type (site 2, fines, homogenized), lab code: 10TT01448
B10, scale, dross-type (site 2, particles, homogenized), lab code: 10TT01449
B10, scale, dross-type (site 3) , lab code: 10TT01635
B10, scale, dross-type (site 3), lab code: 10TT01565
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
- Results:
- The tested materials were characterized (physico-chemical and mineralogical properties) in view of the upcoming REACH registrations of copper intermediates and copper slags by the Copper Consortium.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Sample |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
Sample |
slags |
scale |
copper dross |
copper dross |
copper scale |
copper dross |
Outotec code |
09TT03840 |
09TT03897 |
10TT01448 |
10TT01449 |
10TT01565 |
10TT01635 |
The studied six (6) copper scale and dross sample contains 23.6- 86.8% copper. Zinc and lead contents ranges from below detection limits to 19.1 and 1.6%, correspondingly.
The mineral composition varies, but most samples consist mainly of copper, in some samples alloyed by zinc or aluminium, and copper oxides, cuprite and tenorite. Zincite is present in two samples.
In lead –bearing samples, lead is carried completely by metallic lead or mainly by metallic lead (61.5%), amorphous lead glass (32.1%) and lead oxides (6.3%).
Table7: Chemical composition of studied samples, Part 1
Lab code |
|
|
09TT03840 |
09TT03897 |
10TT01448 |
10TT01449 |
10TT01565 |
10TT01635 |
Sample |
|
|
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cu |
P1 |
% |
<0.003 |
0.02 |
<0.005 |
<0.008 |
0.01 |
<0.010 |
|
P2 |
% |
24.01 |
45.10 |
3.49 |
0.06 |
45.00 |
2.66 |
|
P3 |
% |
11.64 |
33.20 |
11.10 |
3.05 |
39.10 |
6.52 |
|
P4 |
% |
36.40 |
5.64 |
10.30 |
70.30 |
2.74 |
68.00 |
|
Sum |
|
72.05 |
83.96 |
24.89 |
73.41 |
86.85 |
77.18 |
|
TOT |
% |
76.00 |
86.10 |
23.60 |
72.20 |
86.80 |
77.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As |
P1 |
% |
<0.003 |
<0.008 |
<0.005 |
<0.008 |
<0.008 |
<0.010 |
|
P2 |
% |
<0.007 |
<0.020 |
<0.013 |
<0.019 |
<0.020 |
<0.019 |
|
P3 |
% |
<0.003 |
<0.010 |
<0.007 |
<0.009 |
<0.010 |
<0.010 |
|
P4 |
% |
0.01 |
<0.004 |
<0.003 |
<0.004 |
<0.008 |
<0.004 |
|
Sum |
|
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
TOT |
% |
0.01 |
<0.004 |
<0.004 |
0.00 |
<0.004 |
<0.002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fe |
P1 |
% |
<0.003 |
<0.008 |
<0.005 |
<0.008 |
<0.008 |
<0.008 |
|
P2 |
% |
0.12 |
0.04 |
2.82 |
0.44 |
0.03 |
0.44 |
|
P3 |
% |
0.00 |
0.02 |
0.04 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
0.01 |
|
P4 |
% |
0.06 |
<0.004 |
0.93 |
0.99 |
0.01 |
0.99 |
|
Sum |
|
0.19 |
0.05 |
3.79 |
1.44 |
0.06 |
1.44 |
|
TOT |
% |
0.28 |
0.03 |
4.67 |
1.82 |
0.03 |
1.51 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pb |
P1 |
% |
<0.007 |
<0.040 |
<0.005 |
<0.008 |
<0.008 |
<0.010 |
|
P2 |
% |
<0.016 |
<0.100 |
0.15 |
0.03 |
<0.020 |
<0.019 |
|
P3 |
% |
<0.016 |
<0.050 |
0.07 |
<0.009 |
0.27 |
<0.010 |
|
P4 |
% |
0.14 |
0.04 |
1.32 |
0.94 |
<0.008 |
<0.100 |
|
Sum |
|
0.14 |
0.04 |
1.54 |
0.96 |
0.27 |
0.00 |
|
TOT |
% |
0.13 |
<0.004 |
1.61 |
1.19 |
<0.040 |
<0.005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Co |
TOT |
% |
<0.004 |
<0.004 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
<0.004 |
<0.002 |
Ni |
TOT |
% |
0.01 |
<0.004 |
0.34 |
0.67 |
<0.004 |
<0.002 |
Sb |
TOT |
% |
<0.004 |
<0.004 |
0.04 |
0.02 |
<0.004 |
<0.002 |
Sn |
TOT |
% |
0.01 |
<0.004 |
0.72 |
0.87 |
<0.004 |
0.00 |
Zn |
TOT |
% |
0.01 |
<0.004 |
19.10 |
12.00 |
<0.004 |
0.03 |
Ag |
TOT |
% |
<0.003 |
<0.002 |
<0.002 |
0.01 |
<0.002 |
0.00 |
P1= H2O, P2= H2SO4, P3= KCN+Br-MeOH, P4= HNO3–soluble,TOT= total -, BM= bromine-methanol dissolutions,KEM= ion exchange chromatography,LECO= S/C analyzer, satmagan = Fe3O4analyzer
Table8:Chemical composition of studied samples, Part 2
Lab code |
|
|
09TT03840 |
09TT03897 |
10TT01448 |
10TT01449 |
10TT01565 |
10TT01635 |
|||||||||
Sample |
|
|
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
B10 |
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Se |
TOT |
% |
<0.004 |
<0.004 |
<0.004 |
0.01 |
<0.004 |
<0.002 |
|||||||||
Te |
TOT |
% |
<0.006 |
<0.004 |
<0.010 |
<0.005 |
<0.010 |
<0.005 |
|||||||||
Cd |
TOT |
% |
n.a. |
n.a. |
0.01 |
0.01 |
<0.004 |
<0.002 |
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
SiO2 |
KEM |
% |
13.30 |
0.19 |
16.90 |
n.a. |
0.18 |
n.a. |
|||||||||
Al2O3 |
TOT |
% |
0.92 |
<0.008 |
5.39 |
3.09 |
<0.008 |
1.55 |
|||||||||
Cr2O3 |
TOT |
% |
0.12 |
<0.006 |
0.40 |
0.14 |
<0.006 |
0.06 |
|||||||||
K2O |
TOT |
% |
<0.1 |
<0.120 |
0.25 |
0.06 |
<0.048 |
0.17 |
|||||||||
MgO |
TOT |
% |
0.11 |
<0.007 |
0.48 |
0.48 |
<0.007 |
0.58 |
|||||||||
MnO |
TOT |
% |
0.02 |
<0.005 |
2.97 |
0.24 |
<0.005 |
0.05 |
|||||||||
Na2O |
TOT |
% |
0.10 |
0.08 |
0.58 |
0.11 |
0.06 |
0.23 |
|||||||||
CaO |
TOT |
% |
0.80 |
0.04 |
2.45 |
0.53 |
0.01 |
2.12 |
|||||||||
TiO2 |
TOT |
% |
0.12 |
n.a. |
0.20 |
0.04 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
|||||||||
Ba |
TOT |
% |
0.33 |
<0.004 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
|||||||||
P |
TOT |
% |
0.13 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
0.09 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cl- |
KEM |
% |
n.a. |
n.a. |
0.14 |
n.a. |
<0.05 |
n.a. |
|||||||||
S |
Leco |
% |
0.13 |
0.02 |
0.21 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
0.02 |
|||||||||
SO42- |
KEM |
% |
n.a. |
<0.03 |
0.16 |
<0.128 |
<0.05 |
<0.122 |
|||||||||
C |
Leco |
% |
0.64 |
1.70 |
4.32 |
0.13 |
0.35 |
0.19 |
|||||||||
Satmagan |
|
% |
0.00 |
0.00 |
3.04 |
1.19 |
0.00 |
0.38 |
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Surface area |
|
m2/g |
0.13 |
n.a** |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
|||||||||
Density |
|
g/cm3 |
4.71 |
5.57 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
P1= H2O, P2= H2SO4, P3= KCN+Br-MeOH, P4= HNO3–soluble,TOT= total -, BM= bromine-methanol dissolutions,KEM= ion exchange chromatography,LECO= S/C analyzer, satmagan = Fe3O4analyzer, n.a.= not analyzed, n.a.**= sample is too coarse for determination.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Study assessed full chemistry and mineralogy of several representative Copper Scales. Proposed RWC mineralogy (distribution pattern for each key element, i.e. % from Total into the various mineralogical forms/species present into the UVCB) can be derived and used for classification of the UVCB substance (mixture toxicity rules)
- Executive summary:
The studied six (6) copper scales (scale/slag and dross-type) samples contains 23.6- 86.8% copper. Zinc and lead contents ranges from below detection limits to 19.1 and 1.6%, correspondingly.
The mineral composition varies, but most samples consist mainly of copper, in some samples alloyed by zinc or aluminium, and copper oxides, cuprite and tenorite. Zincite is present in two samples.
In lead –bearing samples, lead is carried completely by metallic lead or mainly by metallic lead (61.5%), amorphous lead glass (32.1%) and lead oxides (6.3%).
Sequential dissolution in P2 (ie with 5% H2SO4) on key constituent Cu ranged from 24 to 45% for scale/slag-type samples (with ca. 80% Cu); and between 0.06 to 3.5 for dross-type scales (with ca. 23 or 77% Cu). Dross-type scales have the highest Cu dissolution in P4 (nitric acid leaching), with the exception of fines were partitioning is between P3 and P4. The other Scale/slag type material showed highest Cu leaching under P2 and P3, respectively H2SO4 and KCN conditions.
For each type of scale, a characteristic distribution pattern for each constituting element was observed:
For type I (Scale-type materials):
Copper is in the form of Cu metal/alloys (massive, 46.09% from Total Cu) + oxides (WC Cu2O/Cu(I), 53.91% from total Cu)
Lead, if present, is in the form of Pb metal (massive, 100% from total Pb)
Iron, if present, is mainly in the form of amorphous glass
Other minor metal elements are, if present, following the same distribution pattern than Copper (= assumed Worst Case), i.e. metal/alloys (massive, 46.09% from Total Element) + oxides (WC , 53.91% from total Element)
For type II (Dross-type materials):
Copper is in the form of Cu metal/alloys (WC powder, 85.23% from Total Cu) + oxides (WC Cu2O/Cu(I), 14.77% from total Cu)
Lead is in the form of Pb metal/alloys (WC powder, 61.54% from Total Pb) + Pb compounds (38.46% from Total Pb)
Zinc is in the form of oxides (WC ZnO, 93.82% from total Zn) + metal/alloy (WC powder, 6.08% from Total Zn)
Nickel is in the form of oxides (WC NiO, 14.77% from total Ni) + Ni metal/alloy (WC powder, 85.23% from total Ni)
Iron is present mainly in the form of intermetallic inclusion, alloys, silicates, and/or amorphous glass.
Other minor metal elements are, if present, following the same distribution pattern than Cu , i.e. in the form of oxides (14.77% from total element) + metal/alloy forms (WC powder, 85.23% from Total element)
For classification purposes, these two distribution patterns were retained as Reasonable Worst Case (RWC). The two types of materials are mainly differentiated from each other based on their respective Fe content, closely linked to their Cu oxide content (i.e. higher % Fe( as in dross) = high %Cu metal/alloy forms and thus low %CuO content)
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