Manganese dinitrate

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

Study not to standard test method or to GLP, but sufficient detail available to allow assessment.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Metal Bioaccumulation Patterns in Major Carps during Acute Toxicity Tests

Author:

ABDULLAH, S et al

Year:

2011

Bibliographic source:

International Journal of Agriculture & Biology;Oct2011, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p756

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

juvenile fish are exposed for specified period of time e.g., 96-h to a range of toxicant concentrations in a static system.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

manganese chloride terahydrate

IUPAC Name:

manganese chloride terahydrate

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

At the end of each test, water samples were taken and analyzed for the corresponding metal concentration by following the methods as described in S.M.E.W.W. (1989). The analytical data obtained confirmed that the determined concentrations in the test mediums coincided with the estimated data quite satisfactorily. The concentrations of each metal in the fish (whole body) before and after acute toxicity tests were determined (S.M.E.W.W., 1989).

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

other: Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhina mrigala

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Source:Fish stock (induced bred) of desired weight and age were obtained from the Fish Seed Hatchery, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
- Age: 30 days, 60 days and 90 days
- Food and feeding: Fish were fed with crumbled feed (35% digestible protein & 2.90 kcal g-1 digestible energy) during adaptations, but they were not fed during the last 24 h of adaptations and throughout the test duration.


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 14 days

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

100 mg/L.
To maintain the total hardness, CaSO4 and MgSO4 were used to to increase hardness, while ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and its sodium salts
(EDTA) were used to decrease water hardness when required.

Test temperature:

30oC

Dissolved oxygen:

During all the trials, constant air was supplied to the test mediums with air pumped through a capillary system.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
All glassware and aquariums used in this experiment were washed with nitric acid and thoroughly rinsed with deionized water prior to use.
Prior to each trial, all aquariums (70-L capacity) were filled with 50-L dechlorinated tap water of desired hardness (100 mg L-1) and pH (7).
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
:
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: NaOH and HCl were added as required to maintain pH
- Photoperiod: 12 hours

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Dead fish were weighed individually after being lightly blotted dry at the time of mortality observations. No mortality was observed among control fish.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
The concentrations tested for three fish species, separately, were started from zero with an increment of 0.05 and 5 mg L-1 (as total concentration) for low and high concentrations, respectively.

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

>= 55.26 - <= 67.71 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 10.1 Computer program. Differences in metal toxicity means among species were analyzed by Analysis of Variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range tests (Steel et al., 1996). Relationships among various parameters were determined from Pearson Correlation Coefficients.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Mean LC50 and lethal concentrations of three fish age groups

Fish Species	LC50 concentrations (±SE) (mgL-1)			Lethal concentrations (±SE) (mgL-1)
	30-day	60-day	90-day	30-day	60-day	90-day
Catla catla	55.26 ± 3.67	64.67 ± 3.61	67.71 ± 3.94	92.03 ± 7.20	99.59 ± 6.52	107.72±6.83b
Labeo rohita	64.13 ± 3.39	71.15 ± 3.77	73.70 ± 3.64	99.82 ± 6.63	110.54 ±7.04	108.74±6.44
Cirrhina mrigala	71.24 ± 3.87	76.23 ± 4.55	91.68 ± 4.65	110.43± 6.81	123.21± 8.11	142.13±9.66

 

Mean metals concentrations in three age groups of fish before and after acute exposure

	30-day		60-day		90-day
	Before exposure	After exposure	Before exposure	After exposure	Before exposure	After exposure
Catla catla	8.19 ± 0.21	61.61 ± 2.32	10.39±0.43	158.79± 11.11	11.11 ± 0.23	160.12 ± 1.23
Labeo rohita	8.62 ± 0.36	67.39 ± 3.99	11.65±0.52	168.42±42.43	11.69 ± 0.58	168.88 ± 2.52
Cirrhina mrigala	8.73 ± 0.69	79.15 ± 1.79	12.84±0.63	183.39±23.46	13.15 ± 0.36	186.15 ± 1.95

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The 96 h LC50 for Catla catla (Indian carp) was reported as 55-68 mg/L