Vanadium, oxalate complexes

Monitoring data

Administrative data

Endpoint:

monitoring data

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: High-quality environmental geochemical baseline data for Europe provided by the Geochemical Baseline Program of the Forum of European Geological Surveys (FOREGS).

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Geochemical Atlas of Europe - Part 1: Background information, Methodology and Maps

Author:

Salminen R, et al.

Year:

2005

Bibliographic source:

EuroGeoSurveys

Reference 2

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2019

Report date:

2019

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Evaluation and summary of high quality environmental geochemical data for Europe, which is provided by the Forum of European Geological Surveys (FOREGS), with respect to V concentrations in stream water and stream sediment.

GLP compliance:

no

Type of measurement:

natural background concentration

Media:

other: Natural stream water and stream sediment

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

not applicable

IUPAC Name:

not applicable

Test material form:

other: vanadium in the environment

Specific details on test material used for the study:

environmental background concentrations of stream water and stream sediment

Study design

Details on sampling:

Sampling:
The FOREGS sampling grid was based on GTN grid cells developed for Global Geochemical Baseline mapping. This grid divides the entire land surface into 160 km x 160 km cells covering an area of 4,500,000 km2. Sampling methodology, preparation and analysis are described by Salminen et al. (2005).

A total of 808 stream water samples and 852 sediment samples were processed in the FOREGS-program, including 757 paired samples, i.e. samples with the same coordinates for the sampling location of stream water and sediment that are summarised below.

High quality and consistency of the obtained data were ensured by using standardised sampling methods and by treating and analysing all samples in the same laboratory of each country.

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1: Paired vanadium concentrations of stream water, sediments and respective partitioning

	Parameter	#	Unit	Min.	Max.	Mean	STDEV	50^thp	90^thp
water	pH^1	748^2 736^4	-	9.8	4.5	7.5 7.5	5.85 5.85	7.7 7.7	6.5 6.5
water	Ca	757 744^4	mg/L	0.23	592.00	56.31 56.16	62.36 61.92	42.63 42.63	117.45 117.51
water	Mg	757 744^4	mg/L	0.05	230.00	11.70 11.71	19.56 19.66	6.25 6.23	26.53 26.30
water	NPOC	752^3 744^4	mg/L	0.25	57.94	7.36 7.42	8.06 8.09	4.76 4.80	16.25 16.35
water	V	757 744^4	mg/L	0.00001	0.0195	0.00083 0.00083	0.0015 0.0015	0.00046 0.00046	0.00159 0.00160
sediment	V	757 744^4	mg/kg	1	407	68.72 68.84	44.99 45.22	62.5 62.5	124.5 125.0
Partitioning (Kd)	V (sed / water)	757 744^4	L/kg	2993	11,200,000	338,493 335,192	851,446 840,604	115,291 115,607	763,333 764,666
Log Kd	V (sed / water)	757 744^4	-	3.48	7.05	5.53 5.53	5.93 5.92	5.06 5.06	5.88 5.88

¹Statistics are based on H⁺concentrations rather than pH.

²Removal of 2 outliers < pH 4.3 and 6 negative values.

³Removal of 1 outlier > 70 mg/L and 4 negative values.

⁴Values from Switzerland and Albania are not included.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Regarding the partitioning of vanadium in the water column, stream water/sediment partition coefficients range from 2993 L/kg to 11,200,000 L/kg. Even though V concentrations of sediments can be as high as 407 mg/kg, V concentrations in the water column of European stream waters are well below 20 μg/L. Since FOREGS sampled on a grid aiming to equally represent geochemical baseline concentrations across Europe, a European median log Kp (solids-water in sediment) value of 5.06 was derived.