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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 265-194-3 | CAS number: 64742-91-2 A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the distillation of the products from a steam cracking process. It consists predominantly of unsaturated hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C7 through C16 and boiling in the range of approximately 90°C to 290°C (190°F to 554°F).
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline compliant study, GLP status unknown, limitations in reporting but otherwise acceptable.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 991
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzene
- EC Number:
- 200-753-7
- EC Name:
- Benzene
- Cas Number:
- 71-43-2
- Molecular formula:
- C6H6
- IUPAC Name:
- benzene
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- other: under exposure chamber
- Preparation of test site:
- shaved
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- not required
- Amount / concentration applied:
- Neat, 0.5 mL, to an area of 6cm2
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours
- Observation period:
- 144 h (i.e. 6 days) after end of application
- Number of animals:
- 6
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- > 2
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Remarks on result:
- other: erythema score 3.00 at 144 h
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24/48/72
- Score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: oedema only seen at 1 h
Any other information on results incl. tables
Mean scores (Draize et al 1944):
Time after end of application |
1 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
144 h |
Mean score for erythema |
1.00 |
2.00 |
2.20 |
2.40 |
3.00 |
Mean score for edema |
2.20 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- Benzene is considered to be irritating to rabbit skin (mean over 24/48/72 h for erythema >2)
- Executive summary:
The irritation potential of benzene was assessed on the skins of six shaved rabbits exposed to neat benzene for 4 hours, using an exposure chamber of 6 cm2. One hour after exposure oedema grade 2 and erythema grade 1 were documented. No oedema, but mean scores of 2.0/2.2/2.4 for erythema were recorded at 24, 48, and 72 hours after the end of exposure. Erythema increased to a mean of grade 3 at 6 days.
It is concluded that benzene is irritating to rabbit skin it is proposed that the appropriate classification Category 2, H315 be applied under GHS/CLP.
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