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EC number: 216-378-7 | CAS number: 1569-69-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study was conducted according to the appropriate OECD test guideline, in compliance with GLP and analytical monitoring was carried out.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 009
- Report date:
- 2009
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- cyclohexylmercaptan
- IUPAC Name:
- cyclohexylmercaptan
- Reference substance name:
- Cyclohexanethiol
- EC Number:
- 216-378-7
- EC Name:
- Cyclohexanethiol
- Cas Number:
- 1569-69-3
- Molecular formula:
- C6H12S
- IUPAC Name:
- cyclohexanethiol
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Cyclohexyl Mercaptan
- Physical state: Clear colourless liquid with no particulate matter
- Analytical purity: 99.85%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations):
Cyclohexene: <0.01%
Heavies: 0.10%
Mercapton Sulpher: 27.39 %
Dissolved Gases: <0.0500%
- Purity test date: 29/06/2009
- Lot/batch No.: 2009-06-1550
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: Undetermined
- Stability under test conditions: Volatile
- Storage condition of test material: Room temperature in the dark
- Other: Negligable solubility in water
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0.033, 0.056, 0.10, 0.18, 0.33, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8, 3.3 mg/l
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Room temperature in the dark
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: 25 mg of test material were each separately dispersed in 500 ml of reconstituted water in sealed vessels, to give initial test material dispersions of 50 mg/l which were then shaken at 300 rpm at a temperature of 30°C for 24 hours. Removal of any undissolved test material was by filtration through a 0.2 µm Gelman Acrocap filter to give a saturated solution with a nominal concentration of 33 mg/l. Aliquots were dispersed in a final volume of 2 litres of reconstituted water to give the test concentrations of 0.033, 0.056, 0.10, 0.18, 0.33, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8, 3.3 mg/l. The concentration and stability of the test material in the test preparations were verified by chemical analysis at 0 and 48 hours.
- Controls: Reconstituted water
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): Stock solution was filtered to remove any undissolved test material.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia Magna
- Source: In-house laboratory cultures
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): less than 24 hours old
- Method of breeding: Pathogenesis
- Feeding during test: No feeding
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: In-house cultures
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Similar
- Type and amount of food: Algae suspension (Chlorella sp.)
- Feeding frequency: Daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Not reported
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- reconstituted water: 250 mg/l
- Test temperature:
- Range 20-21°C
- pH:
- Range: 0 hours: 7.8-7.9
48 hours: 7.7-8.0 - Dissolved oxygen:
- Range: 0 hours: 8.5-8.7 mg 0₂/l
48 hours: 8.7-9.0 mg 0₂/l - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0.033, 0.056, 0.10, 0.18, 0.33, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8, 3.3 mg/l
Measured at 0 hours: 0.0151, 0.0311, 0.0658, 0.126, 0.182, 0.294, 0.589, 1.01, 2.13 mg/l respectively
Measured at 48 hours: 0.0103, 0.0225, 0.0489, 0.0972, 0.138, 0.263, 0.512, 0.861, 1.74 mg/l respectively - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 ml glass jars
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed using ground glass stoppers
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Glass, 300 ml, completely filled with 300 ml of test solution.
- Aeration: None
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): None
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): No renewal
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10 daphnids
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water
- Ca/mg ratio: approximately 2:1
- Conductivity: <5 µS cm ¯¹
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: 0 and 48 hours
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: None
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light, 8 hours darkness cycle with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods.
- Light intensity: Not recorded
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Any immobilisation or adverse reactions to exposure were recorded at 24 and 48 hours after the start of exposure. Daphnia were considered to be immobilised if they were unable to swim after approximately 15 seconds after gentle agitation.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.8
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 3.3, 0.33, 0.033, 0.0033 mg/l
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: The number of immobilised Daphnia Magna was recorded after 24 and 48 hours. No immobilised Daphnia at test concentrations of 0.0033 and 0.033 mg/l, but immbilisation observed at concentrations of 0.33, 3.3 and 33 mg/l. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.71 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % CL of 0.51-1.1 mg/l
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.027 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- Mortality of control: 0%- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- EC₅₀: 0.78 mg/l - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Calculated using the maximum-likelihood probit method (Finney 1971) using the ToxCalc computer software package (ToxCalc 1999).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Cumulative Immobilisation Data in the Definitive Test
Mean Measured Test Concentration (mg/l) | Cumulative Immobilised Daphnia (initial population: 10 per replicate) |
|||||||
24 Hours |
48 Hours |
|||||||
R1 | R2 | Total | % | R1 | R2 | Total | % | |
Control | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0.013 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0.027 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0.057 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
0.11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
0.16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 20 |
0.28 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 25 |
0.55 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 35 |
0.94 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 20 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 50 |
1.9 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 25 | 9 | 8 | 17 | 85 |
Table 2 Verification of Test Concentrations
Nominal Concentration (mg/l) | Measured Concentration (mg/l) |
Mean Measured Concentration |
||||
0 hours |
Expressed as a Percenct of the Nominal Concentration (%) | 48 hours | Expressed as a Percenct of the Nominal Concentration (%) | |||
0.033 | 0.0151 | 46 | 0.0103 | 31 | 0.013 | |
0.056 | 0.0311 | 56 | 0.0225 | 40 | 0.027 | |
0.10 | 0.0658 | 66 | 0.0489 | 49 | 0.057 | |
0.18 | 0.126 | 70 | 0.0972 | 54 | 0.112 | |
0.33 | 0.182 | 55 | 0.138 | 42 | 0.160 | |
0.56 | 0.294 | 53 | 0.263 | 47 | 0.279 | |
1.0 | 0.589 | 59 | 0.512 | 51 | 0.551 | |
1.8 | 1.01 | 56 | 0.861 | 48 | 0.936 | |
3.3 | 2.13 | 65 | 1.74 | 53 | 1.935 | |
33 (Saturated solution) | 14.3 | 43 | - | - |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A 48-hour EC50 value of 0.71 mg/l and a NOEC of 0.027 mg/l have been determined for the effects of the test substance on mobility of Daphnia magna. The results are expressed as mean measured concentration of the test substance over the test period.
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