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EC number: 242-159-0 | CAS number: 18282-10-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- from 13th March 2012 to 18th April 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP study in compliance with international recognized guidelines
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch number of test material:
2012-000203
- Expiration date of the lot/batch:
07/02/2013, W0167
- Purity test date:
> 99.9%, 23/01/2011
INFORMATION ON NANOMATERIALS
- Chemical Composition:
Tin Dioxide
- Density:
6.936 g/cm³
- Particle size & distribution:
10-100 nm; 78
- Specific surface area: 7.4293 ± 0.0132 m²/g - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- The concentration of tin dioxide was verified in the test medium over the whole period of 3 days.
Samples were taken and analysed at test start from fresh solution and after 72h from aged test solution at all concentration levels. - Details on test solutions:
- Two stock solutions were prepared by directly weighting 100 and 31.3 mg of the test item into 1000 ml test medium, respectively. the stock solutions were reared for 47h, and filtered through an filter with µm pore size. the further concentrations were made by diluting the appropriate solutions to give the required test concentrations.
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- The algae used in this study were purchased as SAG strain no. 86.81 from the Georg-August-Univarsitat Gottingen, Wilhelmsplatz 1, 37073 Gottingen, Germany.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 d
- Post exposure observation period:
- no data.
- Hardness:
- no data, composition according to the guideline.
- Test temperature:
- 22.0 - 23.6°C
- pH:
- 7.66 - 8.85
- Dissolved oxygen:
- not reported
- Salinity:
- no data, composition according to the guideline.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The main test was performed with the following range of test item concentrations: 0.0931, 0.298, 0.954, 3.05, 9.77, 31.3 and 100 mg/L.
Tin dioxide was verified in test medium by analysing the content in the samples over the whole period of 3 days. samples were taken and anlysed at test start from fresh solutions and after 72 h from aged test solution at all concentrations levels.
The solubility of tin from tin dioxide in double distilled water at 20°C is below the limit of quantification (2.5 µg/L) - see endpoint "water solubility" - Therefore the assessment of toxicological results was based on nominal concentration. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: sterile, 500-mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Initial cells density: 0.5 X 10^4 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
TEST MEDIUM:
Test medium used according to AAP-Medium, Annex 3 of the OECD 201)
One millilitre of each stock solutions was used for 1 litre test medium.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Light: continuous illumination at 4400 - 5600 lux at cell culture level. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 9.77 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 31.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- Statistically significant inhibitory effects were observed after 72h in the concentration 31.3mg/L for growth rate and 100mg/L for yield. The dose response for growth rate was not clear so the lower test item concentration of 31.3mg/L was determined as NOEC.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- the field"illustration" reports the p-value of the statistical evaluation.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- the test fulfils the validity criteria in accordance with OECD guideline for testing of chemicals No. 201
- Conclusions:
- Statistically significant difference to the control were determined at 31.3 and 100 mg/L.
No EC50-values were determined due to the fact that the inhibitory effects were below 50%. Therefore the EC50-value for growth rate and yeld was estimated to be > 100mg/L. The LOEC is estimated to be 31.3 mg/L, the NOAEC was determined to be 9.77 mg/L.
Reference
Description of key information
The substance was not toxic to algae when tested according to OECD guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test), with a 72-hour EC50 value greater than 100 mg/L
EC50 (Algae, 72 hr, OECD 201): > 100 mg/L
NOEC (Algae, 72 h, OECD 201): 9.77 mg/L
LOEC (Algae, 72 h, OECD 201): 31.3 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Statistically significant differences to the control were determined at 31.3 and 100 mg/L. No EC50-values were determined due to the fact that the inhibitory effects were below 50%. Therefore the EC50-value for growth rate and yield was estimated to be > 100mg/L. The LOEC is estimated to be 31.3 mg/L, the NOAEC was determined to be 9.77 mg/L.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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