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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- November 27, 2007-December 14, 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study has been performed according to OECD and EC guidelines and according to GLP principles.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 008
- Report date:
- 2008
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
Reference
- Name:
- Unnamed
- Type:
- Constituent
- Details on test material:
- - Physical state: Blue solid lumps
- Stability under test conditions: Stable
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature in the dark
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: all test concentrations and control
- Sampling method: 40 ml from the approximate centre of the test vessels
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Samples were stored in a refrigerator until analysis.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Preparation of test solutions started with a loading rate of 100 mg/l. The aqueous mixture was treated with ultrasonic waves for 5 minutes, followed by a 24-hour magnetic stirring period and a 2¼ hour stabilisation period. The resulting mixture was slightly blue and contained test substance particles, precipitate and a floating layer. Therefore, the mixture was passed over glass wool, after which it was clear and colourless.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history.
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): young daphnids with an age of < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old.
- Method of breeding: With newborn daphnids, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 5 litres of medium in an all-glass culture vessel.
- Feeding during test: no feeding
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No post exposure observation
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 180 mg/l expressed as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- The temperature of the test medium was 21.0°C at the start of the test. The temperature continuously measured in a temperature control vessel varied between 19.4 and 20.7 °C during the test, and complied with the requirements as laid down in the protocol (18-22°C, constant within 2°C).
- pH:
- 7.7 - 7.9
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.8 - 9.4 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Loading rate 0 mg/L t=0h: TOC = 0.6626 mg/L
Loading rate 0 mg/L t=48h: TOC =0.7624 mg/L
Loading rate 100 mg/L t=0h: TOC = 1.013 mg/L
Loading rate 100 mg/L t=48h: TOC = 0.7183 mg/L
The TOC contents in treated samples were comparable to those in control samples, indicating that the actual test substance concentration was very low. This is not unexpected considering the presence of precipitate and a floating layer in the solution, which were removed by passing the solution over glass wool. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 60 ml, all-glass
- Aeration: No aeration of the test solutions
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5 per vessel containing 50 ml of test solution
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 20 daphnids exposed
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Adjusted ISO medium
- Total organic carbon: o.66 mg/L
- Culture medium different from test medium: yes, for culturing M7 medium is used.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours photoperiod daily
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : EC50 daily
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: limit test with a water accommodated fraction prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- loading rate
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- No immobility was observed in the control or the test concentration.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
Concentration
(mg/l) No.Exposed % immobile
24h 48h
Blank-control 20 0 0
0.10 20 5 5
0.18 20 0 0
0.32 20 5 15
0.56 20 30 75
1.0 21 90 100
1.8 20 100 100
- EC50/LC50:
The 48h-EC50 was 0.45 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval between 0.35 and 0.56 mg/l.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the present study the test substance did not induce acute immobilisation of Daphnia magna at a loading rate of 100 mg/l after 48 hours of exposure (NOEC).
Due to the very low solubility of the test substance in water, concentration levels that might be toxic for daphnids could not be reached. Hence the 48h-EC50 was above a loading rate of 100 mg/l.
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