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EC number: 451-190-0 | CAS number: 156558-98-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro cytogenicity / chromosome aberration study in mammalian cells
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 20 Apr - 1 Sep 1998
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- GLP - Guideline study, tested with the source substance Reaction product of pentaerythritol and trimethylolpropane with n-pentanoic acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, n-heptanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, n-octanoic acid and n-decanoic acid. According to the ECHA guidance document “Practical guide 6: How to report read-across and categories (ECHA, 2012)”, the reliability was changed from RL1 to RL2 to reflect the fact that this study was conducted on a read-across substance.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 998
- Report date:
- 1998
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 473 (In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted in 1997
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.10 (Mutagenicity - In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The department of health of the government of the United Kingdom
- Type of assay:
- in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reaction product of pentaerythritol and trimethylolpropane with n-pentanoic acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, n-heptanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, n-octanoic acid and n-decanoic acid
- IUPAC Name:
- Reaction product of pentaerythritol and trimethylolpropane with n-pentanoic acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, n-heptanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, n-octanoic acid and n-decanoic acid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Only trade name available
- Physical state: colourless liquid
- Analytical purity: 100% (UVCB)
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature in the dark
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- not applicable
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- lymphocytes: cultured peripheral human lymphocytes
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- Eagle's minimal essential medium supplemented with sodium bicarbonate, H EPES buffer, L-glutamine, peniciIlin/streptomycin, amphotericin B and 15% foetal calf serum
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- cofactor supplemented post-mitochondrial fraction (S9 mix), prepared from the livers of rats treated with Aroclor 1254
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Experiment 1, 4h: -S9: 39.06, 78.13, 156.25, 312.5, 625*, 1250*, 2500*, 5000* µg/mL
Experiment 1, 4h: +S9: 39.06, 78.13, 156.25*, 312.5, 625*, 1250*, 2500*, 5000* µg/mL
Experiment 2, 20h: -S9: 39, 78.1, 156.25, 312.5, 625*, 1250*, 2500*, 5000* µg/mL
Experiment 2, 4 h, +S9: 156.25, 312.5, 625, 1250*, 2500*, 5000* µg/mL
* dose levels selected for metaphase analysis - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: acetone
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- acetone
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: Exp I and II, - S9: Ethyl methansulphonate (EMS) 750 and 500 µg/mL; Exp I and II, + S9: Cyclophosphanamide (CP) 25 µg/mL
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in medium
DURATION
- Exposure duration: 4 h and 20 h
- Fixation time (start of exposure up to fixation or harvest of cells): 24 h
SPINDLE INHIBITOR (cytogenetic assays): demelcocine (Colcemid) 0.1 µg/mL
STAIN (for cytogenetic assays): Giemsa 5%
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 2
NUMBER OF CELLS EVALUATED: 100 per culture
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: mitotic index of 2000 cells
OTHER EXAMINATIONS:
- Determination of polyploidy: yes - Statistics:
- The frequency of cells with aberrations (both including and excluding gaps) and the frequency of polyploid cells were compared, where necessary, with the concurrent vehicle control value using Fisher's Exact test.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- lymphocytes: cultured peripheral human lymphocytes
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations
- Remarks:
- Exp1: an oily precipitate at and above 625 µg/mL, +S9 and –S9; Exp. 2: oily precipitate was observed at and above 1250 µg/mL, -S9, and at and above 2500 µg/mL, +S9
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Effects of pH: there was no observable change in pH when the test material was dosed into media
- Effects of osmolality: there was no increase in osmolality by more than 50 mOSM - Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Experiment 1
The qualitative assessment of the slides determined that there were scorable metaphase up to the maximum recommended dose level of 5000 µg/mL in the without and with metabolic activation (S9) groups. An oily precipitate was observed at and above 625 µg/mL in both treatment groups.
With regard to the mitotic index data, these findings show that no toxicity was observed up to the maximum recommended dose level of 5000 µg/mL in the absence or presence of S9. No toxicity was observed at or below the precipitating dose level of 625 µg/mL. Therefore the maximum five dose levels were selected for metaphase analysis.
Both of the vehicle control cultures had frequencies of cells with chromosome aberrations within the expected range. The positive control treatments gave statistically significant increases in the frequency of cells with aberrations. The metabolic activation system was therefore satisfactory and the test method itself was operating as expected.
The test material induced statistically significant increases in the frequency of cells with gap-type aberration at 2500 and 5000 µg/mL in the absence of S9 mix and at 5000 µg/mL in the presence of S9 mix. There were no statistically significant increases in the frequency of cells with aberrations excluding gaps and therefore the observation were considered to have no toxicological significance.
The test material did not induce a significant increase in the numbers of polyploidy cells at any dose level in either of the treatment cases.
Experiment 2
The qualitative assessment of the slides determined, as in Experiment 1, that were scorable metaphases up to the maximum recommended dose level, 5000 µg/mL.
An oily precipitate was observed at and above 1250 µg/mL in absence of S9 mix and at and above 2500 µg/mL in the presence of S9 mix.
The data on mitotic index confirm that qualitative observations in that no dose-related inhibition of mitotic index was observed.
The precipitation of the test material appeared to have no effect on toxicity. Therefore, doses below that precipitating dose level and up to 5000 µg/mL were selected for metaphase analysis.
Both the vehicle control cultures had frequencies of cells with chromosome aberrations within the expected range. The positive control treatments gave statistically significant increases in the frequency of cells with aberrations. The metabolic activation system was therefore satisfactory and the test method itself was operating as expected.
The test material did not induce any statistically significant increases in the frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations, either including or excluding gaps, in the presence of metabolic activation (at 2% concentration) or with continuous 20 h exposure in the absence of S9 mix. Therefore, the small increases observed in Experiment 1 were confirmed to be of no toxicological significance.
The test material did not induce a significant increase in the numbers of polyploid cells at any dose level in either of the treatment cases.
Tab. 1: Experiment 1: 4 h treatment, 20 h harvest - Without Metabolic Activation
Concentration |
Mitotic index [%] |
Polyploid cells |
Aberrant cells |
|
incl. gaps |
excl. gaps |
|||
Solvent control |
100 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
312.5 µg/mL |
105 |
- |
- |
- |
625 µg/mL |
96 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
1.0 |
1250 µg/mL |
110 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
2500 µg/mL |
92 |
0.0 |
2.5 |
0.0 |
5000 µg/ml |
94 |
0.0 |
2.5 |
0.5 |
EMS 750 µg/mL |
75 |
0.0 |
18.0 |
10.0 |
EMS: ethyl methanesulphonate; solvent control: acetone
Tab. 2: Experiment 1: 4 h treatment, 20 h harvest- With Metabolic Activation (S9-Mix)Concentration |
Mitotic index [%] |
Polyploid cells |
Aberrant cells |
|
incl. gaps |
excl. gaps |
|||
Solvent control |
100 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
156.25 µg/mL |
- |
- |
2.0 |
1.0 |
312.5 µg/mL |
92 |
- |
- |
- |
625 µg/mL |
102 |
0.0 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
1250 µg/mL |
106 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
2500 µg/mL |
92 |
0.0 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
5000 µg/mL |
101 |
0.0 |
3.5 |
2.0 |
CP 25 µg/mL |
31 |
0.0 |
15.5 |
6.5 |
CP: cyclophosphamide; solvent control: acetone
Tab. 3: Experiment 2: 20 h treatment, 20 h harvest - Without Metabolic Activation
Concentration |
Mitotic index [%] |
Polyploid cells |
Aberrant cells |
|
incl. gaps |
excl. gaps |
|||
Solvent control |
100 |
0.0 |
1.5 |
0.5 |
625 µg/mL |
70 |
0.0 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
1250 µg/mL |
81 |
0.0 |
2.5 |
1.5 |
2500 µg/mL |
116 |
0.0 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
5000 µg/mL |
105 |
- |
2.5 |
1.5 |
EMS 500 µg/mL |
28 |
0.0 |
51.0 |
44.0 |
EMS: ethyl methanesulphonate; solvent control: acetone
Tab. 4: Experiment 2: 4 h treatment, 20 h Harvest- With Metabolic Activation (S9-Mix)
Concentration |
Mitotic index [%] |
Polyploid cells |
Aberrant cells |
|
incl. gaps |
excl. gaps |
|||
Solvent control |
100 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1250 µg/mL |
101 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
2500 µg/mL |
91 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
5000 µg/mL |
105 |
- |
1.0 |
1.0 |
CP 25 µg/mL |
27 |
0.5 |
22.0 |
10.0 |
CP: cyclophosphamide; solvent control: acetone
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative
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