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EC number: 836-681-3 | CAS number: 22421-66-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 25th-27th November, 2019
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 020
- Report date:
- 2020
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-(2-acryloyloxy-ethoxy) benzophenone
- EC Number:
- 836-681-3
- Cas Number:
- 22421-66-5
- Molecular formula:
- C18H16O4
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-(2-acryloyloxy-ethoxy) benzophenone
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch number of test material: SGS Belgium NV, Lot# 30029
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 3rd May 2020
- Purity test date: 3rd May 2019
- Purtiy: 92.5 w%
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: Room temperature in a dark, ventialted cabinet in the original container.
- Stability under storage conditions: Stable
- Stability under test conditions: Stable
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Nominal: 0.63, 1.3, 2.5, 5.0, 10 mg/L
- Sampling method: Water samples were taken from the approximate midpoint of each test concentration vessel upon initial exposure (0 hour) and at the termination of the experiment (48 hour). During initial exposure, samples were taken from the intermediate vessels before division into replicates. At termination, replicate solutions from each respective concentration were composited before sampling. A sample of the stock solutions used in the preparation of exposure solutions was also sampled. Test samples (10 mL) were taken from the exposure solutions and directly transferred to disposable glass vials containing 10 mL acetonitrile (to a final composition of 50/50 acetonitrile/ fortified laboratory well water, v/v). Samples were then diluted into the calibrated standard range with 50/50 acetonitrile/fortified laboratory well (v/v) prior to analysis. Three quality control samples, prepared in diluent water at test substance concentrations similar to the treatment level range, were also run during each sampling interval and analyzed with the study samples.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Analysis was run immediately after sampling, or the acetonitrile-amended samples were stored until analysis could be performed. If not immediately analyzed, stability of the test substance in dilution water was determined. Stability of test substance during storage was verified by analysis of the QC samples. In addition, sub-samples of the test solutions were collected at each sampling interval and stored frozen as archive samples.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Acetone
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Primary and secondary stock solutions were made in acetone. An aliquot of a secondary stock was added to each exposure solution. Exposure solutions were mixed slowly overnight using a magnetic stir plate and teflon coated stirbar. After overnight mixing, a 20 minute settling period was allowed and exposure solutions were clear and colorless with no visible undissolved test material. The test solution was then diluted to the correct nominal concentrations.
- Controls: Test medium without test substance and test medium with acetone
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): Acetone
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) or suspension(s) including control(s)): 0.100 mL/L of acetone
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): The primary and secondary stock solutions were clear and yellow in color with no visible undissolved test substance. Undissolved test material was observed on the surface of the 2.5, 5.0, and 10mg/L concentrations. After mixing overnight and a 20 minute settling period, all exposure solutions were clear and colorless with no visible undissolved test substance.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Age at study initiation: <24 hours.
- Source: Smithers culture
- Feeding during test : No
- Presence of ephippia: none
- Culture conditions: Adult daphnids were cultured in fortified laboratory well water, pH 7.6 - 8.5, hardness 180 mg CaCO3/L, alkalinity 82 mg CaCO3/L. During the test period, the water temperatures were 19 - 21°C and photoperiod was 16h light, 8 h dark (670 - 1100 lux). Daphnids in the cultures were fed once daily a suspension of green algae (Ankistrodesmus falcatus, 4X10^7 cell/mL) and YCT suspension (yeast, cereal leaves and flaked fish food).
- Common name: Water flea
- Age at study initiation: Immature organisms were removed from culture 24 hours prior to test.
- Source: Smithers culture
- Feeding during test : No
- Presence of ephippia: None
- Culture conditions: Adult daphnids were cultured in fortified laboratory well water, pH 7.6-8.5, hardness 180 mg CaCO2/L, alkalinity 82 mg CaCO3/L. During the test period, the water temperatures were 19 - 21°C and photoperiod was 16h light, 8 h dark (670-1100 lux). Daphnids in the cultures were fed once daily a suspension of green algae (Ankistrodesmus falcatus) and YCT suspension (yeast, cereal leaves and flaked fish food).
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 180 CaCO3 mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 19-21°C
- pH:
- 7.8-8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.8-8.9 mg/L
- Conductivity:
- 890 uS/cm
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0.63, 1.3, 2.5, 5.0, 10 mg/L
Mean measured: 0.43, 0.93, 1.6, 4.3, 8.9 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL glass beaker covered with clear plastic
- Volume of solution: 200 mL
- Aeration: No
- Renewal rate of test solution: None
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 40 mL/daphnid
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Well water fortified with 192 mg/L NaHCO3, 120 mg/L CaSO4.H2O, 120 mg/L MgSO4, 8.0 KCl
- Total organic carbon: 1.0 mg/L
- Particulate matter: < 1 mg/L
- Representative samples analyzed for pesticides, PCB's and toxic metals were not detected at concentrations that are considered toxic in any of the water samples analyzed.
- Alkalinity: 82 mg CaCO3/L
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: semi-annually
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: None
- Photoperiod: 16h light, 8h dark
- Light intensity: 780-900 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Immobilization (including mortality) at 24 and 48 hours.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: Yes
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: Solvent control, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 10 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 3.1 - 4.5mg/L
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of control:
No mortality of the control.
- Behavioral abnormalities: None reported
- Other adverse effects control: None reported
- Immobilisation of control: No immobilization of the control. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- 24 hour EC50=1.9 mg/L. Reference test: 4th-5th September 2019 (50 days before definitive test).
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Statistics run: Jonckeere-Terpstra's Step-Down Test and Spearman Kaber analysis within CETIS v1.9 software (Tidepool Scientific Software, McKinleyville, CA).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. 48-Hour Static Exposure of Daphnids (Daphnia magna) to MTDID 32918- Concentrations Measured in Exposure Solutions
Nominal conc (mg/L) | Measured conc-0 hours | Measured conc-48 hours | Mean | Percent of Nominal |
Control | <0.10 | <0.10 | NA | NA |
Solvent Control | <0.10 | <0.10 | NA | NA |
0.63 | 0.50 | 0.36 | 0.43 | 68 |
1.3 | 1.1 | 0.81 | 0.93 | 72 |
2.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 66 |
5 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 85 |
10 | 8.2 | 9.6 | 8.9 | 89 |
QC#1 0.3 | 0.292 (97.2) | 0.351 (117) | | |
QC#2 2.5 | 2.41 (96.4) | 2.96 (119) | | |
QC#3 10 | 9.66 (96.6) | 9.83 (98.3) | | |
NA=Not Applicable
QC=Quality Control. Percent recovered presented in parentheses
LOD (or MDL) was 0.10 mg/L
Table 2. 48-Hour Static Exposure of Daphnids (Daphnia magna) to MTDID 32918- Mean Measured Concentrations Tested and Corresponding Cumulative Percent and Number of Immobilized Organisms
Mean Measured conc (mg/L) | Replicate | Percent Immobilization-24 hours | Percent Immobilization-48 hours |
Control | A | 0 | 0 |
B | 0 | 0 | |
C | 0 | 0 | |
D | 0 | 0 | |
Mean | 0 | 0 | |
Solvent Control | A | 0 | 0 |
B | 0 | 0 | |
C | 0 | 0 | |
D | 0 | 0 | |
Mean | 0 | 0 | |
0.43 | A | 0 | 0 |
B | 0 | 0 | |
C | 0 | 0 | |
D | 0 | 0 | |
Mean | 0 | 0 | |
0.93 | A | 0 | 0 |
B | 0 | 0 | |
C | 0 | 0 | |
D | 0 | 0 | |
Mean | 0 | 0 | |
1.6 | A | 0 | 0 |
B | 0 | 0 | |
C | 0 | 0 | |
D | 0 | 0 | |
Mean | 0 | 0 | |
4.3 | A | 0 | 60 (3) |
B | 0 | 60 (3) | |
C | 20 (1) | 60 (3) | |
D | 40 (2) | 60 (3) | |
Mean | 15 | 60 | |
8.9 | A | 100 (5) | 100 (5) |
B | 100 (5) | 100 (5) | |
C | 100 (5) | 100 (5) | |
D | 100 (5) | 100 (5) |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- <10% mortality in controls (0%), Dissolved oxygen concentration was ≥ 3 mg/L during test period (DO=7.8-8.9)
- Conclusions:
- 48 hour EC50 of 3.7 mg/L (OECD 202) in Daphnia magna.
- Executive summary:
The 48 hour EC50 of aryloxyacrylate to Daphnia magna was determined according to OECD 202 guidelines. Nominal concentrations of 0.63, 1.3, 2.5, 5.0, 10 mg/L, a control, and a solvent control, were run using 5 animals per vessel, with four replicate per concentration. An EC50 of 3.7 mg/L (mean measured concentration) was determined.
The study was well-documented, followed an international standard method with analytical confirmation of dose and was GLP compliant. The study is considered reliable without restrictions. The results from this study are considered suitable for Risk Assessment, Classification and Labeling, and PBT Analysis
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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