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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 260-742-8 | CAS number: 57453-97-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: oral
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- not specified
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- significant methodological deficiencies
- Remarks:
- Due to the limited study design, exclusively restricted to the determination of a LD50 value (further parameters required for a guideline conform repeated dose toxicity study were not included (e.g. haematology, clinical chemistry, histopatholoy)), the study will not be used for hazard and risk assessment purposes but as supplementary information.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Absorption, LD50 and effects of CoO, MgO and PbO nanoparticles on mice "Mus musculus"
- Author:
- Shaikh, S.M. et al.
- Year:
- 2 015
- Bibliographic source:
- IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 9(2):32 - 38.
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD 425 (Acute Oral Toxicity: Up-and Down Procedure)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008-10-03
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- purity and stability not stated; test item preparation missing; number of dead animals not reported; gross pathology not performed; sex and age of animals missing
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Magnesium oxide
- EC Number:
- 215-171-9
- EC Name:
- Magnesium oxide
- Cas Number:
- 1309-48-4
- Molecular formula:
- MgO
- IUPAC Name:
- Magnesium oxide
- Test material form:
- solid: nanoform
- Details on test material:
- - Average size: 26.35 nm
The test item was prepared using chemical precipitation method reported by Yazid et al. (2010).
- Yazid H, Adnani R, Hamid SA et al. Synthesis and characterization of gold NPs supported on zinc oxide via the deposition-precipitation method. Turk J Chem. TUBITAK 2010; 34: 639 – 650.
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- not specified
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- Swiss
- Details on species / strain selection:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Weight: 20 - 35 grams
- Housing: housed in polypropylene cages
- Diet: standard pellet diet (Hindustan Lever, Bangalore, India)
- Water (ad libitum)
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 22 - 24°C
- Humidity: 75 %
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 14/10
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Details on route of administration:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on oral exposure:
- The first animal receives a dose one step below the assumed estimate of the LD50. If the animal survives, the second animal receives a higher dose. If the first animal dies, the second animal receives a lower dose (Chen et al. (2006))*.
*Reference:
- Chen Z, Meng H, Xing G et al. Acute toxicological effects of copper NPs in vivo. Toxicol. Lett. 2006; 163: 109 - 120 - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 30 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- continuously
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- 800 to 1800 mg/kg bw (range was given only)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10 mice
- Control animals:
- yes
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- not specified
- Positive control:
- not specified
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- General examination: after administration of the test item, animals were examined daily for their survival, evident behavior or motor impairments and effect on their body weight.
- Behavioral changes: drowsiness, hyperactivity, moving of tail, scratching of body, loss of hair, texture of hair (smooth, or rough) etc were observed.
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Not specified
BODY WEIGHT: not specifed
FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE:
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: Not specified
- Compound intake calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: Not specified
FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: Not specified
WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE: Not specified
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: Not specified
HAEMATOLOGY: Not specified
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Not specified
URINALYSIS: Not specified
NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: Not specified
IMMUNOLOGY: Not specified - Sacrifice and pathology:
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Not specified
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Not specified - Statistics:
- LD50 was calculated using probit analysis (Randhawa (1944); Miller & Tainter (1944))*.
Data were expressed as means ± SE. Student t- test was performed to compare the differences of means among two groups and Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to compare the differences of means among multi-group data. The difference was considered significant at P ≤ 0.05 and highly significant at P ≤ 0.001.
*References:
- Randhawa MA. Calculation of LD50 values from the method of Miller and Tainter, 1944. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2009; 21(3): 184-5
- Miller LC, Tainter ML. Estimation of the LD50 and its error by means of logarithmic probit graph paper. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1944; 57:261–264.
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Mortality:
- not specified
- Body weight and weight changes:
- not specified
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not specified
- Food efficiency:
- not specified
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not specified
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not specified
- Haematological findings:
- not specified
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- not specified
- Urinalysis findings:
- not specified
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not specified
- Immunological findings:
- not specified
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- not specified
- Gross pathological findings:
- not specified
- Neuropathological findings:
- not specified
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- not specified
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- not specified
- Other effects:
- not specified
- Details on results:
- CLINICAL SIGNS:
The mice exposed to the test item showed hyperactivity, moving of tail but the hair remained smooth throughout the exposure.
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LD50
- Effect level:
- 1 315 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- not specified
- Basis for effect level:
- mortality
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- LD50 (mice; 30 day exposure): 1315 mg/kg bw
Due to the limited study design, exclusively restricted to the determination of a LD50 value (further parameters required for a guideline conform repeated dose toxicity study were not included (e.g. haematology, clinical chemistry, histopatholoy)), the study will not be used for hazard and risk assessment purposes but as supplementary information.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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