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EC number: 293-883-9 | CAS number: 91648-24-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 9 April 2018 - 12 April 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- NA
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples were taken for measuring the content of the test item, 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-, allyl ether, via GC/FID at the beginning and end of the test.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- A stock solution containing 100.0 mg/L test item in dilution water was prepared. Due to the slow solubility in dilution water, the solution was further treated by ultra-sonication for 35 minutes and then stirred for 23 h. The lower test concentrations were prepared by dilution of this prepared stock solution with dilution water.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Strain: Straus
Sex: female
Age: between 0 and 24 hours
Origin: Umweltbundesamt Berlin
In-house breeding since 27 September 2007. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- Test vessels observation times were at 24 and 48 hours of exposure duration.
- Post exposure observation period:
- Not applicable
- Hardness:
- 250 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 19.7 - 20.4°C
- pH:
- 7.9 - 8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.2 - 8.5 mg/L
- Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Conductivity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0 (control), 4.6, 10, 22, 46, 100 mg/L (nominal concentration). Test concentrations were selected based on the result of a non-GLP range finding test.
- Details on test conditions:
- Tests were conducted in glass beakers with a nominal volume of 50 mL. Each test concentration (and the blank control) consisted of four vessels, each containing 20 ± 5 mL test solution and five Daphnia.
The test vessels were left to stand for 48 hours. After 24 and 48 hours, the immobilised Daphnia were counted. Daphnia were considered immobilised when they do not perform any movements or are only able to move their antennae when the beaker was gently agitated. Daphnia which were trapped at the surface of the test solution were also considered immobilised.
Measurements of the pH (pH-meter 340i wtw), the concentration of dissolved oxygen (Oxygen meter inoLabOxi7310) and the content of the test item (GC/FID-determination) in the test vessels were measured at the beginning and at the end of the test. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 96.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95%-confidence interval: Not determined
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 69.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95%-confidence interval: 54.6 - 95.9 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 18.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 40.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- At the end of the test, two concentrations showed significant toxicity between 20 and 70% immobilisation. None of the animals were immobilised in the blank control. At the end of the test the determined concentrations were between 86.8 and 99.4% of the nominal concentration. Since the deviation from the nominal concentrations was higher than 20% in some measured samples, the determination of the biological results was based on the geometric mean of the measured concentration. No observations were made which might cause doubts concerning the validity of the study outcome. All validity criteria were met. The result of the test is considered valid.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 24h-EC50 value of the reference substance (potassium dichromate) was determined as 1.6 mg/L. The value was within the requested range for the 24h-EC50 between 0.6 - 2.1 mg/L of potassium dichromate as specified in the OECD guideline. Since this showed sufficient statistical correspondence of the data with the dose-response-equation, this reference study can be considered valid.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The estimation of the biological results was accomplished using the software ToxRat® Professional, version 3.2.1.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Significant toxicity of the test substance, 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-, allyl ether, to Daphnia magna was apparent following 48h exposure to test concentrations of 46 and 100 mg/L (nominal), showing between 20 and 70% immobilisation. The 48h EC50 based on the geometric mean of the measured concentration was 69.9 mg/L. The 24h-EC50 was mathematically not determinable, since 50% immobility was not reached after 24h up to the highest tested concentration.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-, allyl ether to Daphnia magna was determined. The study was carried out according to OECD test guideline 202 (‘Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test’) and EU method C.2 (‘Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test’). In this study D. magna were exposed to the test material over a test period of 48 hours under static conditions.
Nominal exposure concentrations were 0 (control), 4.6, 10, 22, 46 and 100 mg/L. The results of the study were based on the nominal concentrations. At the beginning and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was determined using GC/FID-determination. The concentrations determined at the start of the test were between 66.8 and 93.3% of the nominal concentration. At the end of the test the determined concentrations were between 86.8 and 99.4% of the nominal concentration. Since the deviation from the nominal concentrations was higher than 20% in some measured samples, the determination of the biological results was based on the geometric mean of the measured concentration.
Significant toxicity of the test substance to D. magna was apparent following 48h exposure to test concentrations of 46 and 100 mg/L (nominal), showing between 20 and 70% immobilisation. The 48h EC50 based on the geometric mean of the measured concentration was 69.9 mg/L. The 24h-EC50 was mathematically not determinable, since 50% immobility was not reached after 24h up to the highest tested concentration.
Reference
Daphnia magna immobility after 24 and 48 hours
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
Immobility 24 hours |
Immobility 48 hours |
||||||||
absolute |
in % |
absolute |
in % |
|||||||
Blank control |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4.6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
22 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
20 |
100 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
70 |
Calculated test item concentrations and geometric mean
Nominal |
Measured Concentration Test Item |
Measured Concentration Test Item |
% of Nominal concentration |
% of Nominal concentration |
Geometric Mean of measured concentrations |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
% |
% |
|
Blank control |
0.00 |
0.00 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
4.6 |
4.03 |
4.09 |
87.55 |
88.86 |
4.1 |
10 |
6.68 |
8.86 |
66.81 |
88.65 |
7.7 |
22 |
16.63 |
20.73 |
75.58 |
94.21 |
18.6 |
46 |
40.94 |
39.93 |
88.99 |
86.81 |
40.4 |
100 |
93.29 |
99.44 |
93.29 |
99.44 |
96.3 |
LOQ (Limit of quantification) = 3 mg/L
LOD (Limit of detection) = 3 mg/L
Description of key information
The acute toxicity of 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-, allyl ether to Daphnia magna was determined. The study was carried out according to OECD test guideline 202 (‘Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test’) and EU method C.2 (‘Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test’). In this studyD. magnawere exposed to the test material over a test period of 48 hours under static conditions.
Nominal exposure concentrations were 0 (control), 4.6, 10, 22, 46 and 100 mg/L. The results of the study were based on the nominal concentrations. At the beginning and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was determined using GC/FID-determination. The concentrations determined at the start of the test were between 66.8 and 93.3% of the nominal concentration. At the end of the test the determined concentrations were between 86.8 and 99.4% of the nominal concentration. Since the deviation from the nominal concentrations was higher than 20% in some measured samples, the determination of the biological results was based on the geometric mean of the measured concentration.
Significant toxicity of the test substance to D. magna was apparent following 48h exposure to test concentrations of 46 and 100 mg/L (nominal), showing between 20 and 70% immobilisation. The 48h EC50 based on the geometric mean of the measured concentration was 69.9 mg/L. The 24h-EC50 was mathematically not determinable, since 50% immobility was not reached after 24h up to the highest tested concentration.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 69.6 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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