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EC number: 434-600-2 | CAS number: 2628-16-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 992
- Report date:
- 1992
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Official Journal of the European Communities, 84/449/EEC, L251, 27, 19 September 1984, Method C.6. Degradation, Biotic Degradation: Closed Bottle Test.
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-Ethenylphenyl acetate
- Cas Number:
- 2628-16-2
- Molecular formula:
- C10H10O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-Ethenylphenyl acetate
- Test material form:
- liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Purity: not reported
Constituent 1
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- sewage, domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- Secondary effluent collected on the day of test from a trickling-filter plant at a sewage treatment works that predominatly treats domestic waste. Maintained under aerobic conditions in laboratory, then, immediately before use, vacuum-filtered through a Whatman's GFC filter paper and the filtrate used as the inoculum for the test (1 drop filtrate/litre test medium).
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
Initial test substance concentration
- Initial conc.:
- 2 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: The medium is prepared by adding 1 mL of each stock soltuion to each litre of purified water.
Stock Solution 1: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (8.5 g/L), di potassium hydrogen phosphate (21.75 g/L), di sodium monohydrogen phosphate dihydrate (33.30 g/L), ammonium chloride (1.70 g/L)
Stock Solution 2: Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate (22.50 g/L)
Stock Solution 3: Calcium chloride dihydrate (36.40 g/L)
Stock Solution 4: Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (0.25 g/L)
- Additional substrate: Sodium Benzoate was used as a reference
- Incubation temperature: 20°C
- pH adjusted: no
TEST SYSTEM
- Number of culture flasks/concentration:
Medium alone: 8 flasks
Medium + inoculum: 8 flasks
Medium + inoculum + sodium benzoate (2 mg/L): 8 flasks
Medium + inoculum + test substance (2 mg/L): 12 flasks
- Measuring equipment: oxygen concentrations were measured using a YSI dissolved oxygen meter fitted with a self-stirring DO/temperature bottle probe.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Days 0, 5, 15, and 28
- Sampling method: DO/temperature probe; pH was taken after oxygen and temperature measurement
-Concentration of disolved oxygen was measured in duplicate on Day 0 from each group of flasks
- Sampling of test substance: 2 flasks on Day 5, 4 flasks on Day 15, and 4 flasks on day 28
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Remarks:
- 2 mg/L
Results and discussion
- Test performance:
- Test was run twice. In the initial test conducted, the test substance degraded 7%, 53%, and 22% of ThODon Days 5, 15, and 28 respectively. The oxygen consumption on Day 28 was considered to be unacceptably low compared to Day 15 so the test was repeated to obtain a more reliable estimate of degradation. The results obtained only in the second test were fully reported.
% Degradationopen allclose all
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 11
- Sampling time:
- 5 d
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 57
- Sampling time:
- 15 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: range of 55-62%
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 48
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: range of 46-53%
- Details on results:
- - Test temperature: Day 0: 20.1 - 20.3°C, Day 5: 19.6 - 20.1°C, Day 15: 19.5 - 19.7°C, Day 28: 18.8 - 19.0°C
- pH: Day 0: 7.19 - 7.29, Day 5: 7.26 - 7.40, Day 15: 7.17 - 7.50, Day 28: 6.58 - 7.23
ThOD was calculated to be 2.27 mgO2/mg for the test substance. The percentage of degradation calculated at each sampling point is based on the ThOD value. The mean oxygen consumption of the test substance was equivalent to 11%, 57%, and 48% of it's ThOD on Days 5, 15, and 28 respectively.
The slightly lower levels of degradation observed on Day 28 of the test are not unusual and are not thought to have affected the final result.
Oxygen consumption by Day 28 in control bottles containing uninoculated and inoculated medium were 0.2 and 0.1 mgO2/L, were within the acceptable range for this assay system (less than 0.4 and 0.6 mgO2/L respectively)
BOD5 / COD results
BOD5 / CODopen allclose all
- Key result
- Parameter:
- BOD5
- Value:
- 0.25 other: mgO2/mg test material
- Remarks on result:
- other: Day 5
- Remarks:
- mean of 2 flasks
- Key result
- Parameter:
- BOD5
- Value:
- 1.3 other: mgO2/mg test material
- Remarks on result:
- other: Day 15
- Remarks:
- mean of 4 flasks
- Key result
- Parameter:
- BOD5
- Value:
- 1.1 other: mgO2/mg test material
- Remarks on result:
- other: Day 28
- Remarks:
- mean of 4 flasks
- Results with reference substance:
- Sodium benzoate was degraded to 59% of its ThOD (1.67 mgO2/mg) after 5 days of incubation and 66% and 45% on Days 15 and 28 respectively. Degradation achieved the 10% level after approximately 1 day of incubation and the 60% level after approximately eight days. This confirms that the inoculum was viable and exerting normal biodegradation activity and the test was valid. The slightly lower levels of degradation observed on Day 28 of the test are not unusual and are not thought to have affected the final result.
Any other information on results incl. tables
|
Table 2: BOD (mgO2/mg) and percentage of degradation | ||||||
BOD (mgO2/mg) | Percentage degradation | |||||
Day 5 | Day 15 | Day 28 | Day 5 | Day 15 | Day 28 | |
Medium + inoculum + sodium benzoate | 0.95 | 1.10 | 0.75 | 57% | 66% | 45% |
1.00 | 1.10 | 0.75 | 60% | 66% | 45% | |
Mean % degradation | 59% | 66% | 45% | |||
Medium + inoculum + test substance | 0.25 | 1.25 | 1.05 | 11% | 55% | 46% |
0.25 | 1.25 | 1.05 | 11% | 55% | 46% | |
1.25 | 1.05 | 55% | 46% | |||
1.4 | 1.2 | 62% | 53% | |||
Mean % degradation | 11% | 57% | 48% |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Mean degradation of the test substance by Day 15: 57% based on ThOD
- Executive summary:
The objective of this study was to assess the biotic degradation of the test substance following OECD 301D and Procedure C.6 of EEC Directive 84/449/EEC.
An aqueous solution of the test substance was added to mineral salts medium and inoculated with sewage effluent to give a nominal concentration of 2 mg/L and the mixture was transferred to 12 BOD bottles. Control sets of bottles contained either salts medium only, inoculated salts medium, or inoculated salts medium and sodium benzoate (2 mg/L). The concentrations of dissolved oxygen in duplicate bottles was taken from each group at the start of the test (Day 0) and after 5, 15, and 28 days of incubation at 20°C, in darkness. Two bottles with the test substance were used for oxygen measurement on Day 5; four were taken on Days 15 and 28 to obtain more reliable estimate of degradation in the latter stages of the test.
The mean degradation of sodium benzoate was 59% of its ThOD (1.67 mg O2/mg) after 5 days of incubation and 66% and 45% on Days 15 and 28 respectively. These results confirm that the inoculum was exhibiting normal biodegradative activity and that the test was valid. The slightly lower level of degradation obtained for benzoate on Day 28 is not thought to be significant or to thave affected the validity of the final result.
Oxygen consumtion by Day 28 in control bottles containing uninoculated and inoculated medium was 0.2 and 0.1 mg O2/L and were considered within the normal range for this assay system (less than 0.4 and 0.6 mg O2/L respectively).
Mean oxygen consumption in bottles containing the test substance was equivalent to 11% of its ThOD on Day 5, 57% on Day 15, and 48% on Day 28. Substances are considered readily degradable in this test if oxygen consumption is equal to or greater than 60% of the theoretical value in a ten-day period after the level of degradation exceees 10%. Since degradation typically follows a sigmoidal curve whose precise form cannot be accurately defined in a Closed Bottle Test, it is considered that the extent to which the test substance degraded between Day 5 and Day 15, shows that it can be considered readily biodegradable.
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