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EC number: 947-449-7 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From November 10, 2017 to November 24, 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- None of the deviations were considered to have impacted the overall integrity of the study or the interpretation of the study results and conclusions.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- The total exposure period was 48 hours and samples for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis were taken at the start and at the end of exposure
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Water (WAF)
- Details on test solutions:
- Test substance was a white turbid liquid (UVCB) and not completely soluble in test medium at the loading rates initially prepared. A correction was made for the water content of the test substance. A correction factor of 4.99 was used, i.e. the nominal amount to be tested was multiplied with the correction factor to determine the amount of test substance to be weighed for the test solution preparation. Concentrations are expressed as “mg UVCB/L” when referring to the tested fraction of the test substance.
Preparation of test solutions started with loading rates individually prepared at loading rates of 1.0 to 100 mg UVCB/L.
A two-day period of magnetic stirring was applied to ensure maximum dissolution of the test substance in test medium. The obtained mixtures were allowed to stabilize overnight.
Thereafter, the aqueous Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs) were siphoned off over glass wool and used as test solutions. The lowest test solution was clear and colorless at the end of the preparation procedure, while the two highest test concentrations were slightly hazy. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Species: Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) (Straus, 1820), at least third generation, obtained by a cyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
Source: In-house laboratory.
Reason for selection: This system has been selected as an internationally accepted invertebrate species.
Validity of batch: Daphnids originated from a healthy stock, 2nd to 5th brood, showing no signs of stress such as mortality >20%, presence of males, ephippia or discoloured animals and there was no delay in the production of the first brood.
Characteristics: For the test selection of young daphnids with an age of < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old.
Start of each batch: With newborn daphnids, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 5 litres of medium in an all-glass culture vessel.
Maximum age of the cultures: 4 weeks
Renewal of the cultures: After 7 days of cultivation half of the medium twice a week.
Temperature of medium: 18-22°C
Feeding: Daily, a suspension of fresh water algae.
Medium: M7, as prescribed by Dr. Elendt-Schneider
Adjusted ISO medium: the following chemicals (analytical grade) are dissolved in tap water purified by Reverse Osmosis (RO-water, GEON Waterbehandeling, Berkel-Enschot, The Netherlands):
Macro salts: CaCl2.2H2O 211.5 mg/L
MgSO4.7H2O 88.8 mg/L
NaHCO3 46.7 mg/L
KCl 4.2 mg/L
Medium M7: trace elements, macronutrients and vitamins are added to freshly prepared ISO medium to reach the following concentrations:
Trace elements:
B 0.125 mg/L
Fe 0.05 mg/L
Mn 0.025 mg/L
Li, Rb and Sr 0.0125 mg/L
Mo 0.0063 mg/L
Br 0.0025 mg/L
Cu 0.0016 mg/L
Zn 0.0063 mg/L
Co and I 0.0025 mg/L
Se 0.0010 mg/L
V 0.0003 mg/L
Na2EDTA.2H2O 2.5 mg/L
Macro nutrients:
Na2SiO3.9H2O 10.0 mg/L
NaNO3 0.27 mg/L
KH2PO4 0.14 mg/L
K2HPO4 0.18 mg/L
Vitamins: Thiamine 75.0 µg/L
B12 1.0 µg/L
Biotin 0.75 µg/L
The hardness: 180 mg/L expressed as CaCO3 and the pH: 7.7 ± 0.3. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 180 mg/L CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 20 to 21°C
- pH:
- 8.1 to 8.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.7 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominlal concentrations: 1, 10 and 100 mg/L
Measured concentrations: 19 mg/L TOC was found in in the WAF prepared at 100 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- Test Concentrations:
Test substance: WAFs prepared at loading rates of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L.
Controls: Test medium without test substnace or other additives.
Test Procedure and Conditions
Test duration : 48 hours
Test type: Static
Test vessels: 60 mL, all-glass
Medium: adjusted ISO medium
Number of daphnids: Control and highest test concentration: 20 per group
Intermediate test concentrations: 10 per group
Loading 5 per vessel containing 50 mL of test solution
Light 16 hours photoperiod daily
Feeding No feeding
Aeration No aeration of the test solutions.
Introduction of daphnids Within 17 minutes after preparation of the test solutions.
Sampling and Determination of TOC Concentrations
Due to the complex nature of the test item, specific analyses were considered to be difficult to achieve and it was decided with the sponsor to analyse the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) concentration as a surrogate measure.
Samples for possible analysis were taken from all test concentrations and the control according to the schedule below.
Frequency at t=0 h and t=48 h
Volume 60 mL
Storage Samples were stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C) until analysis.
At the end of the exposure period, the replicates were pooled at each concentration before sampling.
Additionally, reserve samples of 60 mL were taken for possible analysis. If not used, these samples were stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C) for a maximum of three months after delivery of the draft report, pending on the decision of the sponsor for additional analysis.
Apparatus Samples were injected into a Shimadzu TOC L total organic carbon analyser combined with a Shimadzu ASI-V auto sampler (Shimadzu Kyoto, Japan). Each sample was analysed in triplicate. TOC values were determined as the Total Carbon values in the pre-treated solutions minus the measured Inorganic Carbon (TOC= TC- IC).
Calibration solution(s)
TC standard: Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution (C8H5KO4, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
IC standards: Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, p.a., Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3, p.a. Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
Measurements and Recordings
Immobility (including mortality): At 24 h and at 48 h
pH and dissolved oxygen: At the beginning and at the end of the test, for the control and the highest test concentration.
Temperature of medium: Continuously in a temperature control vessel, beginning at the start of the test. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- WAF
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: NOEL
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- WAF
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- The 48 h EL50 for Daphnia magna exposed to test substance was beyond the range tested, i.e. exceeded a loading rate of 100 mg/L.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 24h-EC50 was 0.59 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval between 0.52 and 0.68 mg/L.
The 48h-EC50 was 0.41 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval between 0.34 and 0.46 mg/L. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study, the 48 h EL50 and NOEL were determined to be >100 mg/L (nominal).
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the short-term toxicity of the test substance, Phosphoric acid, mono- and di-decyl ester, compd. with 2,2',2''-nitrilotris[ethanol] to aquatic invertebrates, according to OECD Guideline 202, in compliance with GLP. Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs) were individually prepared at loading rates of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L and used as test concentrations. A combined limit/range-finding test was performed. Twenty daphnids per group (5 per replicate, quadruplicate) were exposed to an untreated control and to a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L, in a limit test. In addition ten daphnids per group (5 per replicate, duplicate) were exposed to WAFs prepared at 1.0 and 10 mg/L in the combined range-finding test. The total exposure period was 48 h and samples for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis were taken at the start and at the end of exposure. No immobility or other effects were observed in the control or at any test concentrations. Samples taken from the highest test concentration and the control were analysed. At the start of the test, 19 mg/L TOC were found in the WAF prepared at 100 mg/L. This concentration remained stable throughout the test, i.e. was at 101% of the initial concentration at the end of the test. Since TOC analysis is a non-specific method, the effect parameters were determined based on loading rates. Under the conditions of the study, the 48 h EL50 and NOEL were determined to be >100 mg/L (nominal) (Augusiak, 2018).
Reference
Measured TOC concentrations:
Samples taken from the highest test concentration and the control were analysed. At the start of the test, 19 mg/L TOC were found in in the WAF prepared at 100 mg/L. This concentration remained stable throughout the test, i.e. was at 101% of the initial concentration at the end of the test.
Since TOC-analysis is a non-specific method, the effect parameters were determined based on loading rates.
Number of Introduced Daphnids
and Incidence of Immobility
Time (h) |
Replicate |
Test subsrtance mg/L |
|||
Control |
1.0 |
10 |
100 |
||
0 |
A |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
B |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
C |
5 |
|
|
5 |
|
D |
5 |
|
|
5 |
|
Total introduced |
20 |
10 |
10 |
20 |
|
24 |
A |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
B |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
C |
0 |
|
|
0 |
|
D |
0 |
|
|
0 |
|
Total immobilised Effect % |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
|
|
|
|
||
48 |
A |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
B |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
C |
0 |
|
|
0 |
|
D |
0 |
|
|
0 |
|
Total immobilised Effect % |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
A study was conducted to determine the short-term toxicity of the test substance, Phosphoric acid, mono- and di-decyl ester, compd. with 2,2',2''-nitrilotris[ethanol] to aquatic invertebrates, according to OECD Guideline 202, in compliance with GLP. Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs) were individually prepared at loading rates of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L and used as test concentrations. A combined limit/range-finding test was performed. Twenty daphnids per group (5 per replicate, quadruplicate) were exposed to an untreated control and to a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L, in a limit test. In addition ten daphnids per group (5 per replicate, duplicate) were exposed to WAFs prepared at 1.0 and 10 mg/L in the combined range-finding test. The total exposure period was 48 h and samples for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis were taken at the start and at the end of exposure. No immobility or other effects were observed in the control or at any test concentrations. Samples taken from the highest test concentration and the control were analysed. At the start of the test, 19 mg/L TOC were found in the WAF prepared at 100 mg/L. This concentration remained stable throughout the test, i.e. was at 101% of the initial concentration at the end of the test. Since TOC analysis is a non-specific method, the effect parameters were determined based on loading rates. Under the conditions of the study, the 48 h EL50 and NOEL were determined to be >100 mg/L (nominal) (Augusiak, 2018).
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