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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- November 12 1999 to April 12 2000
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Adjustment of pH
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0, 100, 178, 317, 562 and 1000 ppm
- Sampling method: Two 50 ml aliquots were collected from each stock solution at 0 h (before addition of Daphnia) and 48 h (after removal of Daphnia) and one aliquot was collected from each test vessel at 48 h. The aliquots were transferred from the pipettes into 50 ml propylene centrifuge tubes with screw-on lids, for silicon analysis by ICP-OES
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Not reported - Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Test article was weighed into tared glass weighing caps which were added into 1 litre beakers containing 950 ml of aerated well water. An empty glass weighing cap was added into the control beaker. All solutions were then brought to to 1 litre volume and stirred briefly (~2 min). The solutions were then put in the environmental incubator to hydrolyse for ~ 4 hours. pH was then measured and adjusted to the approximate pH of the control using 1N NaOH. Solutions were then brought up to 1 litre again with well water and final pH measured. Test article was added to achieve nominal concentrations of 0, 100, 178, 317, 562 and 1000 ppm. Daphnia were added to the test vessels immediately after the test solutions were added to the test vessels.
- Controls: Well water without test article
- Evidence of undissolved material: None reported - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: Straus
- Source: In house cultures from an initial stock culture received from Aquatic Biosystems Inc., Fort Collins, Colorado, December 1997.
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Neonate < 24 hrs old
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Not reported
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): Not reported
- Valve height at study initiation, for shell deposition study (mean and range, SD): Not reported
- Peripheral shell growth removed prior to test initiation: Not reported
- Method of breeding: Not reported
- Feeding during test: None
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Test conditions same as culture conditions except the organisms were not fed during the tests and the test vessels were not aerated
- Type and amount of food: Ankistrodesmus convolutus Corda and yeast, Ceophyl and Trout chow (YCT).
- Feeding frequency: Three to four times per week.
- Health during acclimation: Only adult daphnia cultures >12 d old, free of ephippia and having <20% mortality during the previous 48 h were used as a source of neonates. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- Ca 19.7 mg/L, Mg 8.7 mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 19.4 - 19.5 °C
- pH:
- 8.1 - 8.3 at 0 h and 7.9 - 8.0 at 48 h
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.6-8.7 at 0 h and 7.7-8.7 at 48 h (60 - 105 % saturation)
- Salinity:
- Sodium concentration 71.3 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0, 100, 178, 317, 562, 1000 ppm nominal
0, 98.5, 178, 323, 567 and 986 ppm measured - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL glass beakers
- Type: open / closed: Covered with a watch glass
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Glass, 250 mL containing 200 mL test solution
- Aeration: None
- Type of flow-through: Static
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Static
- No. of organisms per vessel: 9
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- Biomass loading rate: Not reported
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Well water obtained at 1809 Salzberg Rd, Bay Co. MI
- Total organic carbon: Not reported
- Particulate matter: Not reported
- Metals: Not reported
- Pesticides: Not reported
- Chlorine: Not reported
- Alkalinity: From weekly measurements of well water during culture and test period: 160-182 mg/L as CaCo3
- Ca/mg ratio: 1.4:1
- Conductivity: From weekly measurements of well water during culture and test period: 508-552 µmho/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Temp, pH, dissolved oxygen and light recorded at 0 and 48 h.
No contaminants reported
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: Yes
- Photoperiod: 16 h light, 8 h dark
- Light intensity: GE Cool White and Mod-U-Line E fluorescent lighting, intensity of 190-213 foot candles (2045-2293 lux).
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Mortality at 0, 24 and 48 hours
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.78 - Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 583 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: hydrolysis products according to the study authors
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI 512-665 mg/l
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 323 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: hydrolysis products according to the study authors
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI 512-665 mg/l
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Trimmed Spearman Karber Method
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A 48-h EC50 value of 583 mg/L and a NOEC of 323 mg/L have been reported for the effects of the tested substance (CAS 154518-41-9) on mobility of Daphnia magna. It is likely that the test organisms were exposed to a mixture of the parent substance and hydrolysis products.
Reference
Table 1: Test Substance Concentrations (mg/l) Measured During Daphnia Study
Loading Level (mg/l) | Time = 0 hrs | Time = 48 hrs | ||
Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Chamber 1 | Chamber 2 | |
100 | 97 | 96 | 100 | 101 |
178 | 174 | 174 | 182 | 182 |
316 | 318 | 316 | 327 | 331 |
562 | 565 | 565 | 568 | 571 |
1000 | 970 | 989 | 997 | 986 |
Table 2: Statistical Results
Time Period (hours) | NOEC (mg/l) | EC50 (mg/l) | 95% Confidence Interval (mg/l) |
0 | 986 | >997 | ND |
24 | 567 | 933 | ND |
48 | 323 | 583 | 512 -665 |
*ND = Not determinable
Table 3: Test System Observations
Concentration mg/l | Test Vessel # | Observations* | ||
0 -h | 24 -h | 48 -h | ||
Control 0 ppm | 1 | 9 N | 9 N | 8 N, 1 D** |
2 | 9 N | 9 N | 9 N | |
98.5 ppm | 3 | 9 N | 9 N | 9 N |
4 | 9 N | 9 N | 9 N | |
178 ppm | 5 | 9 N | 9 N | 9 N |
6 | 9 N | 9 N | 9 N | |
323 ppm | 7 | 9 N | 9 N | 9 N |
8 | 9 N | 9 N | 9 N | |
567 ppm | 9 | 9 N | 9 N | 6 N, 3 D |
10 | 9 N | 9 N | 4 N, 5 D | |
986 ppm | 11 | 9 N | 6 N, 3 D | 9 D |
12 | 9 N | 2 N, 7 D | 9 D |
* Observations are coded as: N = Normal, D = Dead, M = Moribund
** One dead organism in control due to surface entrapment
Description of key information
Short-term toxicity to invertebrates: 48 hour EC50 583 mg/l (measured (total Si), arithmetic mean) (OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)). It is not feasible to reinterpret this test result in terms of the silanol hydrolysis products (Dow Corning Corporation, 2000).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 583 mg/L
Additional information
A 48-h EC50 value of 583 mg/l and NOEC of 323 mg/l (measured (based on total silicon), arithmetic mean) have been determined for the effects of Reaction mass of 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane and triacetoxyvinylsilane (CAS 154518-41-9) on mortality of Daphnia magna. In view of the test media preparation method/exposure regime it is likely that the test organisms were exposed predominantly to the hydrolysis products of the tested substance. It is not feasible to reinterpret this test result in terms of the silanol hydrolysis products (Dow Corning Corporation, 2000).
The constituents of the registration substance hydrolyse rapidly (half-life <12 hours at pH 7 and 25°C) to [3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl]silanetriol, vinylsilanetriol, acetic acid/acetates and methanol.
Refer to the discussion in the Section 6 endpoint summary for further discussion of the approach to chemical safety assessment for this registration substance.
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