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EC number: 240-387-5 | CAS number: 16298-03-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 08 April 2013 - 11 April 2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 013
- Report date:
- 2013
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2011
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- none
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Methyl 3-aminopyrazinecarboxylate
- EC Number:
- 240-387-5
- EC Name:
- Methyl 3-aminopyrazinecarboxylate
- Cas Number:
- 16298-03-6
- Molecular formula:
- C6H7N3O2
- IUPAC Name:
- methyl 3-aminopyrazine-2-carboxylate
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Amiloride Compound 6
- Description: Tan powder
- Storage condition of test material: In refrigerator (2-8°C) protected from light, desiccated
- Other: Reactive to light, moisture and oxygen
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples for possible analysis were taken from all test concentrations and the control according to the schedule below.
Frequency: at t=0 h, t=24 h and t=72 h
Volume: 2 ml
Storage: Samples were stored in a freezer until analysis.
At the end of the exposure period, the replicates with algae were pooled at each concentration before sampling.
Compliance with the Quality criteria regarding maintenance of actual concentrations was demonstrated by running a test vessel at the highest substance concentration but without algae and samples for analysis were taken at the start, after 24 hours of exposure and at the end of the test period.
Additionally, reserve samples of 2 ml were taken from all test solutions for possible analysis. If not already used, these samples were stored in a freezer for a maximum of three months after delivery of the draft report, pending on the decision of the sponsor for additional analysis.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The batch of Amiloride Compound 6 tested was a tan powder with a purity of 100% based on area percentage and was completely soluble in test medium at the concentrations tested.
Preparation of test solutions started with individually prepared loading rates of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/l. The loading rates of 1.0 and 10 mg/l were completely dissolved after 44 minutes of magnetic stirring. For the highest loading rates a 30- minute period of magnetic stirring was applied and was followed by a 5-minute treatment with ultrasonic waves to accelerate the dissolving of the test substance in the test medium. The obtained mixture containing undissolved material was stirred magnetically for a period of 6 minutes after which all test substance was completely dissolved. The test solutions prepared at 1.0 and 10 mg/l were clear and colourless whereas the highest test concentration was clear and slightly brown.
Note that due to light sensitivity of the test substance all handlings were performed under dimmed light and the glassware was covered in aluminium
foil.
After preparation, volumes of 50 ml were added to each replicate of the respective test concentration. Subsequently, 1 ml of an algal suspension was added to each replicate providing a cell density of 10E4 cells/ml.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Strain: NIVA CHL 1.
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): In-house laboratory culture
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation):3 days before the start of the test, cells from the algal stock culture were inoculated in culture medium at a cell density of 1 x 10E4 cells/ml.
- Method of cultivation: Algae stock cultures were started by inoculating growth medium with algal cells from a pure culture on agar. The suspensions were continuously aerated and exposed to light (60 to 120 µE/m2/s when measured in the photosynthetically effective wavelength range of 400 to 700 nm. in a climate room at a temperature of 21-24°C.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- no
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 0.24 mmol (24 mg CaCO3/L)
- Test temperature:
- 22.0 - 22.9°C
- pH:
- t=0h: 8.2-8.3
t=72h: 8.1-8.3 - Dissolved oxygen:
- not measured
- Salinity:
- Not measured
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/l
Measured: The actual concentration measured in 100 mg/l was in agreement with nominal during the first 24 hours of exposure (93-95% of nominal). Thereafter, it decreased to 75 mg/l (i.e. 75% of nominal) at the end of the test. Therefore, the Time Weight Average concentration was calculated to be 87 mg/l. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 ml, normal headspace, 50 ml
- Aeration: no
- Initial cells density: 10000 cells/ml
- Control end cells density: 1705000 cells/ml
Replicates:
6 replicates of the control and limit concentration,
3 replicates of the lower test concentrations.
1 replicate of each concentration without algae.
1 or 2 replicates of each test concentration for sampling purposes
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continuous
- Light intensity and quality: Continuously using TLD-lamps of the type ‘Cool-white’ of 30 Watt, with a light intensity within the range of 93 to 102 µE.m-2.s-1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
72 h NOErC, 72 h NOEyC, 72 h ErC50, 72 h EyC50
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 10
- Test concentrations: control and 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/l - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 87 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: -
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 87 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: -
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 87 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: -
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 87 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: -
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control :yes
- Observation of abnormalities: no abnormalities observed
- Unusual cell shape: no
- Colour differences: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- EC50: The EC50 for growth rate reduction (ERC50: 0-72h) was 0.97 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 0.62 to 1.5 mg/l. The historical ranges for growth rate reduction lie between 0.82 and 2.3 mg/l. Hence, the ERC50: 0-72h for the algal culture tested corresponds with this range. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- For determination of the NOEC and the EC50 the approaches recommended in the OECD guideline 201 were used. An effect was considered to be significant if statistical analysis of the data obtained for the test concentrations compared with those obtained in the negative control revealed significant reduction of growth rate or inhibition of yield (ANOVA, Bonferroni t-test, TOXSTAT Release 3.5, 1996, D.D. Gulley, A.M. Boelter, H.L. Bergman).
Statistical analysis of the data on growth rate was not needed as the effects recorded were not significant (<10%).
No EC50-values could be calculated because the test substance proved to be non-toxic (EC50 > maximum concentration tested).
Any other information on results incl. tables
none
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- No reduction of growth rate or inhibition of yield was recorded at any of the concentrations of Amiloride Compound 6 tested.
The EC50 for growth rate reduction (72h-ERC50) and yield inhibition (72h-EYC50) was beyond the range tested, i.e. exceeded a TWA concentration of 87 mg/l.
The 72h-NOEC for both growth rate reduction and yield inhibition was 87 mg/l.
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