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EC number: 252-305-5 | CAS number: 34977-63-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-E (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Closed Bottle Test)
- Version / remarks:
- published in O.J. L142 (2008)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- sewage, domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- The inoculum contained a mixed population of microorganisms obtained from the secondary effluent of the waste water treatment plant of Pardubice processing predominantly municipal sewage. The fresh collected waste water was filtered through paper filter. COD was determined and waste water was aerated till using.
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 2.77 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT- oxygen vessels with glass stopper, volume of approx. 280 mL - large glass bottles of 5 and 10 L volume for the preparation and inoculation of medium- closed thermostat- pH meter WTW Inolab pH 730- oximetr WTW Oxi 730- analytical balance XS 105 DU (Mettler Toledo)- UV/VIS spectrophotometer Helios Alpha- equipment for the determination of nitrite- volumetric flasks, flasks, beakers, pipettes and further common laboratory equipmentPREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS FOR THE TEST - Inoculated mediumThe volume of waste water for the inoculation of mineral medium was chosen 1.6 mL per 1 L of medium (COD of waste water: 108 mg/L). 30 L aerated mineral medium was prepared for the test and before the beginning of the test it was inoculated with 57 mL of modified waste water. The pH value of medium: 7.4.- Test substance The stock solution of the test substance was prepared in concentration 0.1010 g/L of deionized water.From this solution 164.4 mL (27.4 mL/L) were transferred to a large glass bottle and completed with the inoculated medium to the volume of 6 L. The solution prepared in this way contained 2.77 mg/L of the test substance, and had COD 3.40 mg/L. The pH value of solution: 7.5.- Reference substanceThe stock solution of sodium benzoate was prepared in concentration 1.0000 g/L of deionized water. From this solution the 12.0 mL (2.0 mL/L) were transferred to a large glass bottle and completed with the inoculated medium to the volume of 6 L. The solution prepared in this way contained 2.00 mg/L of sodium benzoate, and had COD 3.32 mg/L. The pH value of solution: 7.4. - Test substance for the nitrification determination The stock solution of the test substance for the nitrification determination was prepared in concentration 0.1010 g/L of deionized water. From this solution 109.6 mL (27.4 mL/L) were transferred to a large glass bottle and completed with the inoculated medium to the volume of 4 L. The solution prepared in this way contained 2.77 mg/L of the test substance, and had COD 3.40 mg/L.- Toxicity testThe solution was prepared by dosing 109.6 mL of stock solution of the test substance and 8.0 mL of stock solution of the reference substance into inoculated medium and completed with this medium to the volume of 4 L. The mixture prepared in this way contained 2.77 mg/L of the test substance and 2.00 mg/L of sodium benzoate and had COD 6.72 mg/L.- Control (blank) determinationThe inoculated mineral medium without test substance was used for the blank determination.TEST CONDITIONSTemperature: 20 ± 1.0°C Illumination: no illumination, in the darkExposition time: 28 daysTEST PROCEDURE- Series of bottles for the test2 x 9 bottles with the test substance and inoculated medium2 x 9 bottles with the reference substance and inoculated medium for the check of inoculum activity9 bottles with the test substance and inoculated medium for the determination of oxidized nitrogen forms2 x 5 bottles with the test and the reference substance mixture and inoculated medium for the toxicity test2 x 9 bottles with inoculated medium only for the blank determinationThe bottles were placed into thermostat.- MeasurementAt the zero-time and at the 3rd, 7th, 10th, 14th, 17th, 21st, 24th and 28th day of the test the appropriate bottles from each series were taken off and they were analysed for dissolved oxygen by the electrochemically using oximeter device (oximeter WTW OXI 730).The determination of nitrites was carried out in parallel bottles in these time intervals by means of spectrometric methods.
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 2.4
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- see Table No. 1
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- In this 28-day study of ready biological degradability the degradation of 2.4 % of the test substance, Direct Black 51, was attained in the end of study.
- Executive summary:
The test substance, Direct Black 51, was tested for the ready biological degradability in Closed Bottle Test. The test was performed according to Method C.4E - Closed Bottle Test, Council Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008, published in O.J.L 142, 2008.
The results of biological degradation are related to experimentally determined COD values of the test and reference substance at the beginning of the test. The test substance was sufficiently soluble in used mineral medium so the dosage from the stock solution was carried out.
Sodium benzoate was used as the reference substance. The dosage was carried out from the stock solution.
COD of the test substance in medium at the beginning of the main test: 3.40 mg/L.
COD of the reference substance in medium at the beginning of the main test: 3.32 mg/L.
In parallel to the main test the toxicity test was performed. Based on the test substance contains nitrogen in the chemical composition, the oxidized nitrogen forms were determined and the correction for nitrification was carried out. The test was performed at temperature of 20 ± 1°C with the pH values of solutions 7 – 8 at the beginning of the test.
The prescribed validity criteria in the test were fulfilled. The test substance was not inhibiting for the used inoculum. Since all criteria of acceptability were met, this study is considered to be valid.
In this 28-day study of ready biological degradability the degradation of 2.4 % of the test substance, Direct Black 51, was attained in the end of study.
Reference
Description of key information
Taking into consideration the data from screening study of biodegradability, the test substance, Direct Black 51, cannot be considered as readily biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Additional information
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