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EC number: 214-540-1 | CAS number: 1143-72-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1989-03-08 to 1989-04-07
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
- Version / remarks:
- 84/449/EWG, 1984-04-25
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1984-04-04
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 10 and 22 mg/L
- Sampling method: Samples were taken at the beginning, after 48 and 96 h of the study. Ca. 100 mL samples were collected using a glasbottle from the middle of the exposure tank.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: not specified - Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- dilution water
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
The test item was dissolved in dilution water using Ultra-Turrax and ultrasonic bath. Afterwards the solution was introduced into the study tank with continuous stirring for ca. 2 h. In the tank with a test item concentration of 22 mg/L precipitation was observed at the tank bottom. - Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: zebrafish
- Strain: not specified
- Source: West Aquarium, Bad Lauterberg, Germany
- Age at study initiation: ca. 3 months
- Length at study initiation: 3.0 +/- 0.3 cm, 2.5-3.5 cm
- Weight at study initiation: not specified
- Method of breeding: Fish were obtained ca. 2 months after hatching from breeder.
- Maintenance of the brood fish: Fish were maintained in dilution water at 22 +/- 1 °C with >= 80 % oxygen saturation. Fish were feed twice per day ad libitum (Tetra Min, Tetra Werke, Melle, Germany). Light was available 12 h per day and <= 1 g fish per liter water was ensured.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: at least 14 days
- Acclimation conditions: same as test, but animals were feed and number of animals was based on g/L (see above)
- Type and amount of food during acclimation: see above
- Feeding frequency during acclimation: 2/day
- Health during acclimation: not specified
FEEDING DURING TEST: no - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- no
- Hardness:
- not specified
- Test temperature:
- 22 +/- 1 °C
- pH:
- dilution water before test: 8.0 - 8.2
during test:
control: starting at 8.2, decrease to 7.6 - 7.8 after 96 h
5 mg/L: starting at 8.1, decrease to 7.6 after 96 h
10 mg/L: starting at 8.2, decrease to 7.4 after 96 h
22 mg/L: starting at 8.1, decrease to 7.6 after 72 h (not measured after 96 h) - Dissolved oxygen:
- All values in mg O2/L
control: starting at 8.2 – 9.5, 7.2 - 7.5 after 96 h, lowest value 7.1 (after 48 or 72 h)
5 mg/L: starting at 8.8, 7.6 after 96 h, lowest value 7.6 (after 24 and 48 h)
10 mg/L: starting at 8.2, 7.3 after 96 h
22 mg/L: starting at 8.8, 7.6 after 72 h (not measured after 96 h), lowest value 6.4 (after 24 h) - Salinity:
- not applicable
- Conductivity:
- not specified
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 0, 5, 10 and 22 mg/L
measured: for 10 mg/L: 10.1 mg/L, for 22 mg/L: 20.0 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- The study was conducted in 3 steps using each one test item concentration and one control. In the first step 22 mg/L was used, in the second 5 mg/L and in the third 10 mg/L.
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 10 L glass tank
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 30*22*24 cm, headspace not specified, 10 L
- Aeration: Before test dilution water was aerated until oxygen saturation was reached. During the test no aeration was done.
- Type of flow-through: not applicable as static
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): not applicable as static
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): dilution water was used as vehicle, no separate control needed
- Biomass loading rate: not specified
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Preparation according to ISO/DIS 7346/1
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 12 h
- Light intensity: ca. 700 Lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: After 2-4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h mortality, visible changes in behavior and appearance were checked.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.2
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: Due to the selected spacing factor and the observed results no further concentrations were tested.
- Range finding study: Preliminary testing was performed but no information was provided. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 14.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC100
- Effect conc.:
- 22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 10 - <= 22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- - Other abnormalities: At all tested concentrations impairment of swimming and breathing, and changes in appearance and behavior were observed. Fish that died were discolored (either lighter or darker color), showed red gills and lockjaw.
- Observations on body length and weight: not determined
- Other biological observations: no further observations reported
- Mortality of control: No fish of the control group died.
- Other adverse effects control: Appearance and behavior did not change in the control group.
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: Precipitation was observed at 22 mg/L. Analytics showed concentration as detailed above.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Due to the mortality rate a probit analysis was not possible.
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
For subleathal results please refer to "Details on results".
Mortality
Concentration [mg/L]
Mortality after 48 h
Mortality after 96 h
absolute
relative [%]
absolute
relative [%]
0
0/30
0
0/30
0
5
0/10
0
0/10
0
10
0/10
0
0/10
0
22
8/10
80
10/10
100
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The LC50 of the test item in zebrafish after 96 h exposure was calculated to be 14.8 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
A study according to OECD 203 was conducted to evaluate the potential of the test item to cause acute toxicity in zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio). The study was conducted in 3 steps using each one test item concentration and one control tank with 10 fish under static conditions. In the first step 22 mg/L was used, in the second 5 mg/L and in the third 10 mg/L. The test item was dissolved in dilution water and at a test item concentration of 22 mg/L precipitation was observed at the bottom of the study tank. For analytical determination of the concentration samples were collected was at the beginning, after 48 and 96 h of the study. HPLC analysis showed mean values of 10.1 mg/L (nominal 10 mg/L) and 20.0 mg/L (nominal 22 mg/L). After 2-4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of the study mortality, visible changes in behavior and appearance were checked. At all tested concentrations impairment of swimming and breathing, and changes in appearance and behavior were observed. No changes were observed in the control group. No mortality was detected until 24 h of exposure. At 22 mg/L 8 of 10 fish died within 48 h and the remaining 2 within 72 h. In the control and the other concentration groups no mortality was observed. Fish that died were discolored (either lighter or darker color), showed red gills and lockjaw. The LC50 of the test item in zebrafish after 96 h exposure was calculated to be 14.8 mg/L, the LC100 was 22 mg/L and the LC0 was 10 mg/L.
Reference
Description of key information
The LC50 of the test item in zebrafish after 96 h exposure was calculated to be 14.8 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect concentration:
- 14.8 mg/L
Additional information
A study according to OECD 203 was conducted to evaluate the potential of the test item to cause acute toxicity in zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio). The study was conducted in 3 steps using each one test item concentration and one control tank with 10 fish under static conditions. In the first step 22 mg/L was used, in the second 5 mg/L and in the third 10 mg/L. The test item was dissolved in dilution water and at a test item concentration of 22 mg/L precipitation was observed at the bottom of the study tank. For analytical determination of the concentration samples were collected was at the beginning, after 48 and 96 h of the study. HPLC analysis showed mean values of 10.1 mg/L (nominal 10 mg/L) and 20.0 mg/L (nominal 22 mg/L). After 2-4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of the study mortality, visible changes in behavior and appearance were checked. At all tested concentrations impairment of swimming and breathing, and changes in appearance and behavior were observed. No changes were observed in the control group. No mortality was detected until 24 h of exposure. At 22 mg/L 8 of 10 fish died within 48 h and the remaining 2 within 72 h. In the control and the other concentration groups no mortality was observed. Fish that died were discolored (either lighter or darker color), showed red gills and lockjaw. The LC50 of the test item in zebrafish after 96 h exposure was calculated to be 14.8 mg/L, the LC100 was 22 mg/L and the LC0 was 10 mg/L.
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