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EC number: 204-274-4 | CAS number: 118-75-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well documented study report which meets scientific principles. Study was conducted prior to GLP and OECD guideline implementation.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 975
- Report date:
- 1975
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: FDA Federal Register 38, No. 187 (1973)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: company guideline similar to OECD 405
- Deviations:
- not applicable
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Mucosal tolerance was assessed after single application of 100 mg of the undiluted test substance into the conjunctival sac of the left eye of six rabbits. The right eye remained untreated as a control. The experiment was conducted according to FDA directives (Fed. Reg Vol. 38, No. 187, 1973). Evaluation was conducted 1, 7, 24, 48, 72h, and 7, 14, and 21 d after treatment by using a magnifying glass. 24h after treatment eyes were washed with physiol. saline. To assess the 48 and subsequent time points a drop of a 0.01% sodium fluorescein solution was instilled into the eyes.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- prior to GLP implementation
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone
- EC Number:
- 204-274-4
- EC Name:
- Tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone
- Cas Number:
- 118-75-2
- Molecular formula:
- C6Cl4O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Chloranil
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- Himalayan
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- Albino-Himalayan rabbits (SPF bred). Animals were housed individually. Commercially available rabbit maintenance diet and tapwater were fed ad libitum.
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: the right eye remained untreatewd and served as control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- Single dose of 100 mg undiluted test substance per animal administered to the conjunctival sac of one eye.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 h, thereafter the eyes were rinsed with physiol. saline.
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 21 days
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 6 animals treated with undiluted test substance
- Details on study design:
- Mucosal tolerance was assessed after single application of 100 mg of the undiluted test substance into the conjunctival sac of the left eye of six rabbits. The right eye remained untreated as a control. The experiment was conducted according to FDA directives (Fed. Reg Vol. 38, No. 187, 1973). Evaluation was conducted 1, 7, 24, 48, 72h, and 7, 14, and 21 d after treatment by using a magnifying glass. 24h after treatment eyes were washed with physiol. saline. To assess the 48 and subsequent time points a drop of a 0.01% sodium fluorescein solution was instilled into the eyes.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 16, 58, 67, 69 each
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- other: no signs of irritation at any time
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 13
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7d
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 23
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 1.7
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 21 d
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 13, 16, 23, 58, 67, 69 each
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- other: no signs of irritation at any time
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 69
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 21 d
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 16, 67 each
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 1.7
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h in one animal and not fully reversible within 21 d in the other animal
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 13, 23, 58 each
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 14 d in two animals and not fully reversible within 21 d in one animal
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 58
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 0.7
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 14 d
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 16
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 h
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 67, 69 each
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 1.3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 d
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- other: animal # 23
- Time point:
- other: mean of 24, 48, 72h
- Score:
- 1.7
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 21 d
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: Risk of serious damage to eyes.
- Remarks:
- Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- Responses were obvious for cornea, conjunctivae redness, and conjunctivae chemosis, but mean scores calculated were below threshold values. However some effects were not fully reversible in three rabbits within the observation period of 21d. Based on these findings the test substance carries the risk to cause serious damage to eyes.
- Executive summary:
- Chloranil was tested for eye irritating properties according to a company guideline similar to OECD 405 and according to a FDA guideline (Fed. Reg. Vol 38, No. 187, 1973). Following this protocol 100 mg of the undiluted test substance were placed into the conjunctival sac of the left eye of 6 rabbits each. The right eye served as untreated control. 1, 7, 24, 48, 72h, and 7, 14, and 21 d after treatment eyes were examined. 24 h after treatment eyes were rinsed with physiol. saline. Mean scores (mean of 24, 48, and 72 h) were calculated for cornea, iris, conjunctivae redness, and conjunctivae chemosis for each rabbit. Responses were obvious for cornea, conjunctivae redness, and conjunctivae chemosis, but mean scores calculated were below threshold values. However some effects were not fully reversible in three rabbits within the observation period of 21d. Based on these findings the test substance carries the risk to cause serious damage to eyes.
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