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EC number: 811-616-1 | CAS number: 1563063-07-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 18 - 20 Oct 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD 2000
- Version / remarks:
- Guidance document on aquatic toxicity testing of difficult substances and mixtures. OECD series on testing and assessment no. 23, ENV/JM/MONO(2000)6
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Staatliches Gewerbeaufsichtsamt, Hildesheim, Germany
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: control, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 mg/L
- Sampling method: At the start of the exposure (0 h), sampling was carried out after preparation of the WAFs. After 24 h, samples were taken from additional replicates, which were prepared with test media, but without daphnia, and incubated under test conditions until sampling. At the end of the exposure (48 h), samples were taken directly from the test vessels.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: All original samples were stored at 6 ± 2 °C until the start of the analysis, if necessary. Prepared samples were stored in an autosampler at RT until analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Preparation of water accommodated fractions (WAF): For each loading level, an appropriate volume of the test item (its relative density of 0.8946 considered) was placed under the surface of the dilution water. The WAFs were prepared in brown glass flasks, which were filled with 2000 mL dilution water. A little headspace (approximately 100 - 200 mL) in the brown glass flasks was accepted to ensure a better mixing. The dispersions were shaken for 24 h with 20 rpm at room temperature. After completion of shaking and following a separation phase of at least 1 h of standing, the aqueous phase or WAF was removed from the approximate center of the water body by siphoning.
- Differential loading: yes
- Controls: dilution water without test item - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Strain/clone: Clone 5
- Feeding during test: no
- Age of the daphnia at the start of the exposure: < 24 h
CULTURING
- Conditions: In glass vessels ( 2 - 3 L capacity) with approximately 1.8 L culture medium, at 20 ± 2 °C, in an incubator, 16 h illumination, light intensity of max. 1500 lux.
- Culture medium: Elendt M4, according to guideline with a modified total hardness of 160 - 180 mg CaCO3/L
- Food type: mix of unicellular green algae (e.g. Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Desmodesmus subspicatus, in-house cultures originating from Sammlung von Algenkulturen, Göttingen, Germany)
- Amount: > E 06 cells/mL
- Frequency: at least 5 times per week ad libitum
ACCLIMATION
Not necessary because the dilution water was equivalent to the culture medium.
METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES
Juvenile daphnia were removed from the culture vessels at the latest 24 h before the start of the exposure and discarded. The juveniles born within the following period of max. 24 h preceding the exposure were used for the test. No first brood progeny was used for the test. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 176 mg CaCO3/L (dilution water)
- Test temperature:
- 0 h: 20.2 °C (dilution water)
- pH:
- 0 h: 7.91 (control), 7.80 - 7.94 (treatments)
48 h: 7.78 - 7.86 (control), 7.71 - 7.88 (treatments) - Dissolved oxygen:
- 0 h: 9.04 mg/L (control), 8.65 - 8.83 (treatments)
48 h: 7.26 - 7.33 mg/L (control), 5.44 - 8.45 (treatments) - Conductivity:
- 0 h: 468 µS/cm (dilution water)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- control, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 mg/L (nominal loading level)
< LOQ, 0.92, 1.83, 4.53, 8.65, 17.4, and 35.7 mg/L (measured at 48 h) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: sealed glass flasks, 4.5 cm (ID), 9.5 cm (H)
- Type: closed, with screw caps made from polypropylene
- Test volume: 130 mL; Headspace: 0 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: according to guideline
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, conductivity and total hardness of the dilution water were measured before the start of the exposure. PH values and dissolved oxygen concentrations of the test media were also measured in one additional replicate without daphnia at 0 h and in all replicates containing daphnia at 48 h. Temperature of the incubator was recorded continuously.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light/ 8 h dark
- Light intensity: diffuse light, max 1500 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- Immoblization: after 24 h and 48 h
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: control, 1, 10, and 100 mg/L nominal loading level (WAF)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 100% mortality after 24 h at a nominal loading level of 100 mg/L. The tested WAF with a nominal loading of 100 mg/L was turbid and the WAF with a nominal loading of 1 mg/L was visually clear throughout the exposure phase. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL10
- Effect conc.:
- 1.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: test mat. (WAF)
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 3.57 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: test mat. (WAF)
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI
- Remarks:
- 2.79 - 4.43 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL100
- Effect conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: test mat. (WAF)
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of control: 5%
- Any observations that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: The 1.25 to 20.0 mg/L WAFs were visually clear throughout the exposure period, whereas haziness was observed in the 40.0 mg/L WAF. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- Relevant effect levels: EC50 (24 h) = 1.26 mg/L, 95% CI = 1.04 - 1.45 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EL10 and EL50 values after 24 and 48 h were calculated by sigmoidal dose-response regression. The respective 95% confidence limits were calculated from the standard error and the t-distribution. All calculations were carried out from the best-fit values with the software GraphPad Prism5.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- EL50 (48 h) = 3.57 mg/L (nominal loading level, Daphnia magna, OECD 202)
Reference
The measured concentrations of the test item were in the range of 76 - 92% of the nominal values at the start of the exposure (0 h), 65 - 88% at 24 h and 73 - 91% at the end of the exposure (48 h).
Immobilization Rates after 24 and 48 h of exposure in the definitive test (n = 20, divided into 4 replicates with 5 daphnia each).
Nominal loading level of the WAF [mg/L] |
IMMOBILIZATION [%] |
|||||||||
24 h |
48 h |
|||||||||
replicates |
replicates |
|||||||||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
MV |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
MV |
|
40.0 |
80 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
95 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
20.0 |
40 |
20 |
40 |
40 |
35 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
10.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
5 |
60 |
60 |
100 |
80 |
75 |
5.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
80 |
60 |
60 |
60 |
65 |
2.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
35 |
1.25 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
5 |
control |
0 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
5 |
Description of key information
EL50 (48 h) = 3.57 mg/L (nominal loading level, Daphnia magna, OECD 202)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 3.57 mg/L
Additional information
There is one GLP study available, in which the effect of the test substance towards aquatic invertebrates was assessed according to the OECD guideline 202.
The test substance is volatile (0.99 hPa at 20 °C) and a UVCB with poorly soluble components. Therefore, Daphnia magna was exposed to six water accommodated fractions (WAF) with nominal loading levels of the test substance ranging from 1.25 – 40.0 mg/L for 48 h in sealed glass flasks without headspace under controlled, static conditions. The concentrations of the test item were analytically verified by GC-MS.
Due to good analytical recovery, the effect levels are based on the nominal loading levels of the test item. The derived EL50 (48 h) was 3.57 mg/L (nominal loading level).
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