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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 25 November 2014 to 09 February 2015
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 014
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Test item: EPISKIN™ - 0.38 cm2.
Supplier: SkinEthic Laboratories (4, A. Fleming – 69007 Lyon – France).
Batch numbers: 15-EKIN-005 (alive tissue), 14-EKIN-037 and 14-EKIN-048 (killed tissues).
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Amount / concentration applied:
- 20 mg/epidermis unit, each measuring 0.38 cm2 (treatment level: 53 mg/cm2).
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Exposure period of 15 ± 0.5 minutes minutes followed by a 42 ± 1 hours recovery period.
- Number of animals:
- Number of replicates: 3
- Details on study design:
- Positive control item: Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) (SIGMA, batch 041M8713V), diluted at the final concentration of 5% (w/v) in sterile water for injection (Baxter, batch 13L0503).
Negative control item: D-PBS (GIBCO, batch 1605086).
Non specific colour (NSC) control: test item treated tissues without MTT.
Non specific MTT reduction (NSMTT) control: killed tissues treated with the test item.
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- other: other: mean relative viability
- Value:
- 98.7
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Basis: mean. Time point: 42 h. Max. score: 50.0. Remarks: colorimetric measurement of MTT reduction; Mean relative viability <=50%: Irritant (UNGHS Category 2) Mean relative viability > 50%: Not irritant (UNGHS No Category). (migrated information)
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- The Non Specific Colour (NSC), relative to the negative control, was 28.6%; while the non specific MTT reduction (NSMTT) induced by the test item was 18.5%. These results indicated the necessity of further appropriate background subtractions.
Following the appropriate subtractions, a mean cell viability of 98.7%, when compared to the negative control, was obtained with the test item treated tissue. Intra-replicate variability was acceptable with a SD of % viability value equal to 2.9 (lower than 18, as stated in the Study Protocol).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The test item should be considered not irritant.
- Executive summary:
The potential of the test item to be irritant to the skin was investigated through an in vitro skin irritation study using a commercial reconstructed human epidermis (RhE) model named EPISKIN™. The experimental procedures are based on the OECD Guideline for testing of chemicals no. 439. The test item, as well as controls, were tested for their ability to impair cell viability after an exposure period of 15 minutes followed by a 42 ± 1 hour recovery period. The final endpoint of the assay is the colorimetric measurement of MTT reduction (blue formazan salt) in the test system being this reaction an index of cell viability. The test item was tested as supplied by the Sponsor. Before the Main Assay, a preliminary test was carried out to evaluate the compatibility of the test item with the test system. In a first step, the test item was assayed for the ability of reducing MTT per se; a green coloured suspension was observed at the end of the incubation period, indicating that the test item interacted directly with MTT. Green precipitate was noted. In a second step, the test item was assayed for the ability of colouring water per se; a black suspension was observed, which indicates a colouring capacity of the test item. Based on these results, additional controls were added in the Main Assay. In the Main Assay, the test item was applied as supplied in three replicates at the treatment level of 20 mg/epidermis unit, each measuring 0.38 cm2 (treatment level: 53 mg/cm2). Positive and negative controls [a 5% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulphate solution in water and Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (D-PBS), respectively] were concurrently tested, in the same number of replicates and test conditions at the treatment level of 20 µL/epidermis unit. The negative control gave the expected baseline value (Optical Density values of the three replicates higher than 0.6) and variability [Standard Deviation (SD) of % viability lower or equal to 18], in agreement with the guideline indications. According to the method, the mean value is considered the baseline value of the experiment and thus represents 100% of cell viability. The positive control caused the expected cell death (4% of cell viability when compared to the negative control) and variability (SD of % viability equal to 1.1). Based on the stated criteria (mean viability ≤ 40% and SD of % viability ≤18 ), the assay was regarded as valid.
In order to verify if the test item results had to be corrected, the non specific colour (NSC) was evaluated using one alive treated tissue without MTT staining and compared with the D-PBS control. Moreover, non specific MTT reduction (NSMTT) was evaluated using killed tissues and compared with negative control performed with alive tissues. Based on the results obtained (NSC=28.6% and NSMTT=18.5%), additional background subtractions were performed for the evaluation of irritant properties of the substance. The test item did not induce cell death in any replicate with a mean cell viability of 98.7% when compared to the negative control. Intra-replicate variability was acceptable with a SD of % viability value equal to 2.9 (lower than 18, as stated in the Study Protocol). Based on the results obtained, the test item is classified as not irritating to the skin.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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