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EC number: 290-166-2 | CAS number: 90082-75-0 Extractives and their physically modified derivatives such as tinctures, concretes, absolutes, essential oils, oleoresins, terpenes, terpene-free fractions, distillates, residues, etc., obtained from Pinus pinaster, Pinaceae.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 25 January 2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Well conducted and well described study in accordance with GLP and OECD Guideline 437 without any deviation.
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 013
- Report date:
- 2013
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not applicable
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- UK GLP Compliance Programme (inspected on 10 July 2012/ signed on 30 November 2012)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Pine, Pinus pinaster, ext.
- EC Number:
- 290-166-2
- EC Name:
- Pine, Pinus pinaster, ext.
- Cas Number:
- 90082-75-0
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene; 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylidenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Pinus Pinaster Oil
- Physical state: Extremely pale yellow liquid
- Analytical purity: Conforms to standard
- Lot/batch No.: 1012/1
- Date received: 17 December 2012
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 10 October 2014
- Storage condition of test material: Room temperature in the dark
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- other: bovine eye
- Strain:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Eyes from adult cattle were obtained from a local abattoir as a by-product from freshly slaughtered animals. The eyes were excised and placed in Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), supplemented with Penicillin/Streptomycin, and transported to the laboratory on ice packs. The corneas were prepared immediately on arrival.
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: negative control: 0.9 % w/v sodium chloride solution
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.75 mL was applied on each cornea
- Concentration: Test material: undiluted; negative control: 0.9 % w/v sodium chloride solution; positive control: ethanol - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- The undiluted test item was applied for 10 minutes at 32 ± 1 °C followed by an incubation period of 120 ± 10 minutes at 32 ± 1 °C.
- Observation period (in vivo):
- - Corneal opacity was measured pre-treatment, post-treatment and post-incubation (after 120 ± 10 minutes of incubation).
- Application of Sodium Fluorescein (4 mg/mL) and corneal permeability was measured after 90 min of incubation at 32 ± 1 °C. - Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- Total: 9 corneas - 3 corneas/group for test item, negative and positive controls
- Details on study design:
- Details of test procedure: Corneas obtained from freshly slaughtered adult cattle (from a local abattoir) were mounted in corneal holders. Both chambers of each BCOP holder were filled with complete MEM culture media (MEM) and incubated for 60 minutes at 32 ± 1 °C. Before the treatment, opacity measurement was performed using an opacitometer. The test item (0.75 mL) was applied on each cornea for 10 minutes at 32 ± 1 °C. At the end of the exposure period the test item and control items were removed from the anterior chamber and the cornea was rinsed three times with fresh complete MEM containing phenol red before a final rinse with complete MEM. The anterior chamber was refilled with fresh complete MEM. A post-treatment opacity reading was taken and each cornea was visually observed. The holders were incubated, anterior chamber facing forward, at 32 ± 1 °C for 120 ± 10 minutes. After incubation the holders were removed from the incubator and a final opacity reading was taken. Each cornea was visually observed. Following the opacity measurement the permeability of the corneas to sodium fluorescein was evaluated. The medium from the anterior chamber was removed and replaced with 1 mL of sodium fluorescein solution (4 mg/mL). The dosing holes were plugged and the holders incubated, anterior chamber uppermost, at 32 ± 1 °C for 90 minutes. After incubation the medium in the posterior chamber of each holder was decanted and retained. 360 µL of medium representing each cornea was applied to a designated well on a 96-well plate and the optical density at 492 nm (OD492) was measured.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- other: In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS)
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 120 minutes
- Score:
- 2.8
- Max. score:
- 55.1
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- - In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) were 2.8, 0.3 and 50.5 for test item, negative and vehicle controls, respectively.
- Other effects:
- - The corneas treated with the test item were clear post treatment and post incubation.
- The corneas treated with the negative control item were clear post treatment and post incubation.
- The corneas treated with the positive control item were cloudy post treatment and post incubation.
Any other information on results incl. tables
See the attached document for information on tables of results
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- Under the test conditions, Pinus Pinaster Oil, induced an IVIS of 2.8 and is not classified as corrosive or severe irritant for the isolated bovine cornea. Furthermore as the IVIS score is lower than 3, it can be concluded that the test item is not an ocular irritant at all.
- Executive summary:
In an in vitro eye irritation study performed according to the OECD Guideline 437 and in compliance with GLP, 0.75 mL of Pinus Pinaster Oil was applied to isolated bovine corneas mounted in corneal holders, and incubated for 120 ± 10 minutes at 32 ± 1 °C using the closed chamber method. Three corneas were used for each treated series (undiluted test item; negative control; positive control: ethanol). Before the treatment, a first opacity measurement was performed using an opacitometer. The two endpoints, decreased light transmission through the cornea (opacity) and increased passage of sodium fluorescein dye through the cornea (permeability) were combined in an empirically derived formula to generate an In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS).
The test item, negative and positive control induced an IVIS of 2.8, 0.3 and 50.5, respectively. The corneas treated with the negative control and test item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the positive control item were cloudy post treatment and post incubation. The positive control In Vitro Irritancy Score was within the range of 30.9 to 67.7, therefore the acceptance criterion was satisfied.
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