Copper, [29H,31H-phthalocyaninato(2-)-N29,N30,N31,N32]-, (1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2H-isoindol-2-yl)methyl derivs.

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))

GLP compliance:

no

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

mixture of sewage, soil and natural water

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): In March, June, September, and December, sludge was sampled at the following 10 places in Japan: 1. Fukogawa city sewage plant, 2. Fukashiba industry sewage plant, 3. Nakahama city sewage plant, 4. Ochiai city sewage plant, 5. Kitakami river, 6. Shinano river, 7. Yoshino river, 8. Lake Biwa, 9. Hiroshima bay, 10. Dookai bay; sampling: 1. City sewage: Returned sludge from sewage plants was taken. 2. Rivers, lake and sea: Surface water and surface soil which were in contact with atmosphere were collected.
- Method of cultivation: About 30 minutes after ceasing aeration to the sludge mixture, supernatant corresponding to about 1/3 of the whole volume was removed. Then the equal volume of dechlorinated water was added to the remaining portion and aerated again, followed by addition of synthetic sewage at a concentration of 0.1% (w/v). This procedure was repeated once every day. The culturing was carried out at 25 ± 2 °C. 5 L of the filtrate of the supernatant of old activated sludge was mixed with 500 mL of the filtrate of the supernatant of new sludge and cultured at pH 7.0 ± 1.0 under sufficient aeration using prefiltered open air. During the cultivation, appearance of the supernatant, precipitability, formation of flock, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration in the solution and temperature were checked and necessary adjustments were made, Microflora in the activated sludge was microscopically observed and sludge with no abnormal symptom was used for the test.
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L

Duration of test (contact time):

14 d

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: 3 mL each of four stock solutions, as described in JIS K 0102-1986-21, are diluted to 1000 mL with purified water
- pH: 7.0
- pH adjusted: yes
- Suspended solids concentration: determined according to Method Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) K 0102-1986-14.1

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: Closed system oxygen consumption measuring apparatus (Coulometer: Ohkura Electric Co., Ltd.); 300 mL vessel, absorbent for evolving carbon dioxide Soda lime No .l (extra pure reagent, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 1
- Measuring equipment: Coulometer, Okhura Electric Co., Ltd.
- Test performed in open system: no
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used: soda lime, extra pure, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes
- Abiotic sterile control: yes
- Toxicity control: no

Reference substance:

aniline

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

14 d

The test substance is hardly soluble in water.

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Test procedures according to EU Directive 79/831/EEC Annex V, part C: Methods for the Determination of the ecotoxicity degradation - biodegradation, Manometric respirometry test. This method is comparable to the OECD guideline 301 F.

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Kupferphthalocyanin
- Analytical purity: 99.3 %

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Municipal activated sludge from laboratory wastewater treatment plant fed with municipal sewage and synthetic wastewater
- final dry solids concentration: 30 mg/l
- Laboratory culture: yes

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

107 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- pH: at the end 7 - 7.5
- pH adjusted: no
- CEC (meq/100 g):


SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: daily


CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes
- Abiotic sterile control: yes
- Toxicity control: yes

Reference substance:

aniline

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

< 1

Sampling time:

28 d

Results with reference substance:

> 80% biodegradation, based on THSB

	BW1	BW2	KS	IH	PS1	PS2	PS3	PS4	PS5	PS6	PS7	PS8
Water(mL)	240	240	230	230	240	240	240	240	240	240	240	240
Testsubstance(mg)	0	0	0	26	29	29	28	29	25	25	25	25
Refernecesubstance(mL)	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inoculum(mL)	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10
Volume (mL)	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250	250
O2 Consumption (%)	-	-	2.7	-1	-4	-4	-4	-4	-1	0	-3	-2

 

BW: Biotic control

KS: Reference substance control

IH: Reference substance + Test substacne control

PS: Test substance replicate

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Reference 3

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Justification for type of information:

Please refer to attached justification.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

data waiving: supporting information

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

14 d

Description of key information

Poorly biodegradable.

Additional information

The test substance belongs to the substance group of Phthalocyanines which resemble in their chemical structure. Due to the structure of the molecule and the extremely low water solubility of Phthalocyanines, biodegradation of the substances grouped to the category is not expected. However several tests on the biodegradability of single Phtalocyanines are available. All test results support the assumption that Phthalocyanines are only poorly biodegradable.

The biodegradability of CAS 147-14-8 was tested in a study following OECD guideline 301 F using domestic activated sludge as inoculum [BASF AG 1988]. After 28 days of inoculation a degradation rate of less than 1 % was determined. This result is supported by a second test accomplished according to OECD guideline 301 C [MITI 1992]. The study was performed with a mixture of sewage, soil and natural water as inoculum. The substance was degraded by 0 % after 14 days of incubation.