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EC number: 246-836-1 | CAS number: 25321-14-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Epidemiological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- epidemiological data
- Type of information:
- other: epidemiological study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Reliability as cited in OECD SIDS Dinitrotoluene (isomers mixture) CAS No.: 25321-14-6, 2004.
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Cardiovascular mortality among munitions workers exposed to nitroglycerin and dinitrotoluene.
- Author:
- Stayner, L.T. et al.
- Year:
- 1 992
- Bibliographic source:
- Scand J Work Environ Health 18, 34-43
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Excess hepatobiliary cancer mortality among munitions workers exposed to dinitrotoluene.
- Author:
- Stayner, L.T. et al.
- Year:
- 1 993
- Bibliographic source:
- J Occup Med 35, 291-296
- Reference Type:
- secondary source
- Title:
- Dinitrotoluene (isomers mixture), CAS No.: 25321-14-6
- Author:
- OECD SIDS
- Year:
- 2 004
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- cohort study (retrospective)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Cardiovascular and cancer mortality among workers from a US Army munitions facility were investigated.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dinitrotoluene
- EC Number:
- 246-836-1
- EC Name:
- Dinitrotoluene
- Cas Number:
- 25321-14-6
- Molecular formula:
- C7H6N2O4
- IUPAC Name:
- Reaction mass of 1-methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene and 2-methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): dinitrotoluene (DNT)
- Analytical purity: no data
Constituent 1
Method
- Type of population:
- occupational
- Ethical approval:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- HYPOTHESIS TESTED (if cohort or case control study): if DNT exposure is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cancers of the liver and biliary tract
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
- Type: Work history / Death certificates
STUDY PERIOD: 01 Jan 1949 - 31 Dec 1982
STUDY POPULATION
- Total population (Total no. of persons in cohort from which the subjects were drawn): 12425
- Selection criteria: workers who had been employed for at least five months at the facility from 1 Jan 1949 to 21 Jan 1980
- Total number of subjects participating in study: 12425
- Sex/age/race: male, white
- Total number of subjects at end of study: 12061
COMPARISON POPULATION
- Type: National registry (US mortality rates)/ Control or reference group (unexposed workers of the same plant)
HEALTH EFFECTS STUDIED
- Disease(s): Mortality from ischemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular disease, cancer of the liver and biliary tract.
- Diagnostic procedure: Death certificates and hospital records - Exposure assessment:
- estimated
- Details on exposure:
- TYPE OF EXPOSURE: airborne and dermal
EXPOSURE LEVELS: An exposure classification scheme was used which identified workers with probable exposure or workers possibly or not exposed. - Statistical methods:
- A modified life-table program was used to compute the expected numbers of deaths by multiplying mortality rates specific for cause, five-year age groups, and five-year calendar groups, by the corresponding person-year distribution of the study population. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) and standardized rate ratios (SRR) were calculated and the according 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated.
Results and discussion
- Results:
- EXPOSURE
- Other: exposure categories: ever versus never exposed and duration of exposure
FINDINGS
INCIDENCE / CASES
- Number of cases for each disease:
Cerebrovascular disease: 36 deaths in the exposed workers; 70 deaths in the unexposed reference group
IHD: 253 deaths in the exposed workers; 423 deaths in the unexposed reference group
Cancer of the liver, biliary abd gall bladder (ICD 155, 156): 6 deaths in the exposed workers; 4 deaths in the unexposed reference group
STATISTICAL RESULTS
- SMR (Standard mortality ratio): comparison with US general population
SMR for cerebrovascular disease: 0.95; exposed workers
SMR for IHD: 0.98; exposed workers
SMR for hypertension without heart disease: 2.06; exposed workers
SMR for other myocardial degeneration: 1.41; exposed workers
SMR for hypertension with heart disease: 1.59; unexposed reference group
SMR for hypertension without heart disease: 1.17; unexposed reference group
SMR for cancer of the liver, biliary abd gall bladder: 2.67 (CI=0.98-5.83)
SMR for overall cancers: 0.84 (CI=0.70-1.00); exposed workers --> healthy worker effect
- SRR (Standard rate ratio): comparison with unexposed reference group
SRR for cerebrovascular disease: 0.89
SRR for IHD: 0.99
SRR for cancer of the liver, biliary and gall bladder: 3.88 (CI=1.04-14.41)
No 95% confidence intervals are given for the major cardiovascular diseases. - Confounding factors:
- other cardiovascular risk factors, e. g. smoking
exposure to other chemicals - Strengths and weaknesses:
- Potential confounding by employment status
Misclassification of exposure; lack of quantitative information on exposure
Any other information on results incl. tables
The study failed to detect an association between DNT exposure and an increased risk of mortality of ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. An excess of hepatobiliary cancer was observed among workers exposed to DNT in this study. Exposure-response relationship between duration of DNT exposure and hepatobiliary cancer mortality could not be demonstrated.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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