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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 201-196-2 | CAS number: 79-33-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Adsorption / desorption
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- The QMRF and QPRF for the QSAR calculation are available below (see attached background material).
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: REACH guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, chapter R.6: QSARs and grouping of chemicals, May 2008.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- other: QSAR calculation, KOCWIN v2.00
- Media:
- other: organic carbon (simulated, QSAR)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): L-(+)-lactic acid; (2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid
- SMILES: O=C(O)[C@H](C)O - Radiolabelling:
- no
- Key result
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- ca. 1 L/kg
- Remarks on result:
- other: The Koc may vary by pH. The estimated value is applicable to the neutral pH range.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- The adsorption/desorption coefficient of lactic acid was estimated to be approximately 1 L/kg using the QSAR model KOCWIN v2.00.
- Executive summary:
The adsorption/desorption coefficient of lactic acid was estimated to be approximately 1 L/kg using the QSAR model KOCWIN v2.00.
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- significant methodological deficiencies
- Remarks:
- GLP compliant guideline study, but with significant deviations from methodology prescribed by the test guidelines (only one reference substance) hence not reliable.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 121 (Estimation of the Adsorption Coefficient (Koc) on Soil and on Sewage Sludge using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC))
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.19 (Estimation of the Adsorption Coefficient (KOC) on Soil and Sewage Sludge Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC))
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- HPLC estimation method
- Media:
- other: HPLC column
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Batch No. 0712002519
- Radiolabelling:
- no
- Test temperature:
- Column temperature: 35 °C
- Details on study design: HPLC method:
- EQUIPMENT
- Apparatus: Alliance Separation Module 2695
- Detection system: Dual lambda absorbance detector 2487
MOBILE PHASES
- Type: 30/70 methanol/water (neutral); 30/70 methanol/phosphate buffer (pH 2.0)
- Solutes for dissolving test and reference substances: water (lactic acid); methanol (phenol)
DETERMINATION OF DEAD TIME
- Method: by means of homologous series/by inert substances which are not retained by the column
REFERENCE SUBSTANCES
- Identity: Phenol
DETERMINATION OF RETENTION TIMES
- Quantity of test substance introduced in the column: 10 µl; 209 ng (neutral), 135 ng (pH 2)
- Quantity of reference substances: 10 µl; 100 ng
REPETITIONS
- Number of determinations: all samples were measured in duplicate; controls were injected once
EVALUATION
- Calculation of capacity factors k': Not calculated
- Calculation of retention times: Not given other than in (single) chromatogram run printouts
- Determination of the log Koc value: <1.32 (i.e. < phenol log Koc) - Key result
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- < 20.9
- Type:
- log Koc
- Value:
- < 1.32
- Details on results (HPLC method):
- Lactic acid eluted before phenol; phenol has a designated log Koc of 1.32. No relevant differences in the results were observed at neutral pH and pH 2.0.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Lactic acid log Koc < 1.32.
- Executive summary:
The adsorption coefficient (Koc) of lactic acid 93% aq. on soil and on sewage sludge was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
The Koc and log Koc value of the test substance at neutral pH and at pH 2 was <20.9 and <1.32, respectively.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Both estimated soil organic carbon-water partitioning coefficients indicate that the substance does not has inherently a high tendency to adsorb onto soil particles, but is more likely to be found in aquatic compartments. The estimated KOC based on the KOW data equals 0.2218 L/kg. The calculated KOC from the molecular connectivity index is 1L/kg. These QSAR estimations are supported by an experimental study indicating that the KOC of lactic acid is much lower than 20.9.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Koc at 20 °C:
- 1
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.