Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 208-754-4 | CAS number: 540-72-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 3 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 12.5
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 37.5 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- DNEL calculated from route-to-route extrapolation from 90-day oral toxicity study based on cross-reading from NH4SCN resulting to a NOAEL of 20 mg/kg bw/day, which is equal to 21.3 mg NaSCN/kg bw/day. The corrected inhalation NOAEC for workers is NOAEL * 1.76 mg/m3 = 37.5 mg/m3. ADME data indicate rapid and almost complete absorption following oral exposure. As worst case, absorption via inhalation is also considered 100%, and thus being similar to oral absorption no additional factor 2 is needed for extrapolation from oral to inhalation. Besides, exposure via inhalation is not expected. The vapour pressure is extremely low (< 1.33 x 10-8 Pa) and thus does not present any potential for inhalation exposure due to volatilization of the salt. Furthermore thiocyanates are very hygroscopic (see granulometry). Inhalable particles are not available and will also not be formed during handling and use of the substance. Finally high peak inhalation exposures do not occur during the manufacturing or use of thiocyanates.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- No specific concerns; starting point is NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default assessment factor for sub-chronic to chronic is 2, but in this case it can be considered that the mechanism of concern is inhibition of thyroid, and further prolongation of exposures beyond 90 days is not supposed to affect the threshold effect on thyroid.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Already included in NOAEC calculation
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Remaining uncertainties to cover additional variation in thyroid sensitivity between species.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- ECHA default value. ECETOC concept for combined inter-/intra-species for workers is an AF 3. However, to compensate for possible additional variation in thiocyanate background levels (due to smoking habits, food sources) this factor is increased from 3 to 5.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid studies.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid and complete studies including information of mechanism of toxicity and human based information.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 4.3 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 213 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- DNEL calculated from route-to-route extrapolation from 90-day oral toxicity study based on cross-reading from NH4SCN resulting to a NOAEL of 20 mg/kg bw/day, which is equal to 21.3 mg NaSCN/kg bw/day. Assuming 10% dermal absorption compared to 100% oral absorption (See toxicokinetics sectionfor justification), this results to a derived dermal NOAEL of 213 mg/kg bw/day.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- No specific concerns; starting point is NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default assessment factor for sub-chronic to chronic is 2, but in this case it can be considered that the mechanism of concern is inhibition of thyroid, and further prolongation of exposures beyond 90 days is not supposed to affect the threshold effect on thyroid.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default factor for allometric scaling from rat to human.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Remaining uncertainties to cover additional variation in thyroid sensitivity between species.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- ECHA default value. ECETOC concept for combined inter-/intra-species for workers is an AF 3. However, to compensate for possible additional variation in thiocyanate background levels (due to smoking habits, food sources) this factor is increased from 3 to 5.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid studies.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid and complete studies including information of mechanism of toxicity and human based information.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
Thiocyanates areonly applied in professional or industrial setting applying adequate PPE.
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.1 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 25
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 18.5 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- DNEL calculated from route-to-route extrapolation from 90-day oral toxicity study based on cross-reading from NH4SCN resulting to a NOAEL of 20 mg/kg bw/day, which is equal to 21.3 mg NaSCN/kg bw/day. The corrected 24 hr inhalation NOAEC for general population is NOAEL * 1/1.15 mg/m3 = 18.5 mg/m3. ADME data indicate rapid and almost complete absorption following oral exposure. As worst case, absorption via inhalation is also considered 100%, and thus being similar to oral absorption no additional factor 2 is needed for extrapolation from oral to inhalation. Besides, exposure via inhalation is not expected. The vapour pressure is extremely low (< 1.33 x 10-8 Pa) and thus does not present any potential for inhalation exposure due to volatilization of the salt. Furthermore thiocyanates are very hygroscopic (see granulometry). Inhalable particles are not available and will also not be formed during handling and use of the substance. Finally high peak inhalation exposures do not occur during the manufacturing or use of thiocyanates.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- No specific concerns; starting point is NOAEL, effects at LOAEL are not severe and of local nature.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default assessment factor for sub-chronic to chronic is 2, but in this case it can be considered that the mechanism of concern is inhibition of thyroid, and further prolongation of exposures beyond 90 days is not supposed to affect the threshold effect on thyroid.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Already included in NOAEC calculation
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Remaining uncertainties to cover additional variation in thyroid sensitivity between species.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- ECETOC reported in 2010 after an extensive scientific review that the appropriate fact for intraspecies differences for general public is 5 and not 10, However, to compensate for possible additional variation in thiocyanate background levels (due to smoking habits, food sources) this factor is increased from 5 to 10.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid studies.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid and complete studies including information of mechanism of toxicity and human based information.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 2.1 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 100
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 213 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- DNEL calculated from route-to-route extrapolation from 90-day oral toxicity study based on cross-reading from NH4SCN resulting to a NOAEL of 20 mg/kg bw/day, which is equal to 21.3 mg NaSCN/kg bw/day. Assuming 10% dermal absorption compared to 100% oral absorption (See toxicokinetics sectionfor justification), this results to a derived dermal NOAEL of 213 mg/kg bw/day
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- No specific concerns; starting point is NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default assessment factor for sub-chronic to chronic is 2, but in this case it can be considered that the mechanism of concern is inhibition of thyroid, and further prolongation of exposures beyond 90 days is not supposed to affect the threshold effect on thyroid.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default factor for allometric scaling from rat to human.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Remaining uncertainties to cover additional variation in thyroid sensitivity between species.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- ECETOC reported in 2010 after an extensive scientific review that the appropriate fact for intraspecies differences for general public is 5 and not 10, However, to compensate for possible additional variation in thiocyanate background levels (due to smoking habits, food sources) this factor is increased from 5 to 10.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid studies.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid and complete studies including information of mechanism of toxicity and human based information.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.2 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 100
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 21.3 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- DNEL calculated from route-to-route extrapolation from 90-day oral toxicity study based on cross-reading from NH4SCN resulting to a NOAEL of 20 mg/kg bw/day, which is equal to 21.3 mg NaSCN/kg bw/day. No route-to-route extrapolation is needed.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- No specific concerns; starting point is NOAEL
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default assessment factor for sub-chronic to chronic is 2, but in this case it can be considered that the mechanism of concern is inhibition of thyroid, and further prolongation of exposures beyond 90 days is not supposed to affect the threshold effect on thyroid.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default factor for allometric scaling from rat to human.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Remaining uncertainties to cover additional variation in thyroid sensitivity between species.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- ECETOC reported in 2010 after an ex5tensive scientific review that the appropriate fact for intraspecies differences for general public is 5 and not 10, However, to compensate for possible additional variation in thiocyanate background levels (due to smoking habits, food sources) this factor is increased from 5 to 10.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid studies.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- Database contains valid and complete studies including information of mechanism of toxicity and human based information.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
Thiocyanates are only applied in professional or industrial setting applying adequate PPE.
No consumer uses are identified. However, in order to be able to evaluate possible secondary exposures via environment, additionally long-term systemic DNELs for general population have been derived. It should be considered however, that the possible exposures levels from indirect uses are not relevant compared to the natural background of thiocyanates in biological systems.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.