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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 910-663-6 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to birds
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to birds: dietary toxicity test
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Purity and source of test material not reported. No information on the homogeneity or stability of the test material in the diet. No data were provided to assess the variability of the values reported.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Studies on nickel metabolism: Interaction with other mineral elements
- Author:
- Ling, J.R. and R.M. Leach
- Year:
- 1 979
- Bibliographic source:
- Poultry Science. 58:591-596
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: other: not reported, see below
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Nickel chloride
- EC Number:
- 253-399-0
- EC Name:
- Nickel chloride
- Cas Number:
- 37211-05-5
- IUPAC Name:
- nickel(2+) dichloride
- Reference substance name:
- Nickel dichloride
- EC Number:
- 231-743-0
- EC Name:
- Nickel dichloride
- Cas Number:
- 7718-54-9
- Molecular formula:
- Cl2Ni
- IUPAC Name:
- Nickel dichloride
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
- Dose method:
- feed
- Details on preparation and analysis of diet:
- DIET PREPARATION
- The diet consisted of a purified basal diet of glucose and isolated soy protein.
- Animals were provided food and water ad libitum
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- other: other avian: White Plymouth Rock chicks
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Day-old White Plymouth Rock chicks
- Sexes used: males
Study design
- Total exposure duration (if not single dose):
- 21 d
- Nominal and measured doses / concentrations:
- experimental diets containing 0, 300, 500, 700, 900, or 1100 mg/kg Ni, as nickel chloride.
- Details on test conditions:
- PEN SIZE AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
- housed in battery brooders
NO. OF BIRDS
-Groups of 16 chicks were fed experimental diets
Examinations
- Details on examinations and observations:
- All chicks were weighed and examined weekly.
After 3 weeks of exposure to the Ni-treated diets, all chicks were sacrificed and autopsied.
Prior to sacrifice, blood samples were collected from 8 randomly selected birds from each treatment group for the determination of hematocrit and hemoglobin content. Liver, kidney, breast muscle, and leg bone samples were collected and analyzed for Ni content.
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Duration (if not single dose):
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LOEC (survival)
- Effect level:
- 900 other: ppm dietary Ni
- Basis for effect:
- other: survival and growth
- Duration (if not single dose):
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LOEC (growth)
- Effect level:
- 300 other: ppm dietary Ni
- Basis for effect:
- other: survival and growth
- Mortality and sub-lethal effects:
- Number alive/total number tested and 3-week mean body weight, by dietary Ni level tested:
0 ppm Ni: 16/16, 472.0 g, 300 ppm Ni: 15/16, 404.6 g*, 500 ppm Ni: 12/16, 297.9 g*, 700 ppm Ni: 13/16, 204.6 g*
900 ppm Ni: 8/16, 117.9 g*, 1100 ppm Ni: 5/16, 80.4 g*, * - significantly different from controls
Hematocrit levels were not significantly affected by dietary Ni up to 1100 ppm; however, the hemoglobin concentration was significantly reduced at the 1100 ppm dietary Ni level.
Nickel content in tissues increased with increasing dietary Ni. The highest Ni levels were found in the kidney. Additional gross observations were not reported.
Although not reported by the authors, the following NOEC and LOEC values were determined:
LOEC (survival) = 900 ppm dietary Ni, based on 50% mortality of chicks fed 900 ppm Ni for 3 weeks.
LOEC (growth) = 300 ppm dietary Ni, based on a significant reduction in body weight of chicks fed 300 ppm Ni for 3 weeks. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Statistical significance was examined by analysis of variance and the Q-method described by Snedecor and Cochran (1967).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
STUDY RATED BY AN INDEPENDENT REVIEWER.
ROBUST SUMMARY DEVELOPED BY AN INDEPENDENT REVIEWER.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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